Grammar parses for passage 8.48.5
Open translation for this passage
γυναῖκας καὶ εἶναι τὰς ἐργασαμένας ταύτας τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων τὴν τροπήν, Μάρπησσαν δὲ τὴν Χοίραν ἐπονομαζομένην ὑπερβαλέσθαι τῇ τόλμῃ τὰς ἄλλας γυναῖκας,
Infinitival accusative construction: γυναῖκας is coordinated with the following εἶναι clause; τὰς ἐργασαμένας ταύτας τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων τὴν τροπήν means ‘these women who accomplished the defeat of the Lacedaemonians’; Μάρπησσαν is the subject of ὑπερβαλέσθαι, with τὴν Χοίραν ἐπονομαζομένην as an accusative epithet/apposition and τῇ τόλμῃ as an instrumental dative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γυναῖκας | γυνή | NOUN | A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 3 εἶναι | obj | medium | Accusative subject/object-like accusative of the infinitival construction; coordinated with the following clause. |
| 2 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 3 εἶναι | cc | high | Coordinates the infinitival predicates. |
| 3 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Present active infinitive; coordinated with ὑπερβαλέσθαι. |
| 4 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | S- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 ἐργασαμένας | det | high | |
| 5 | ἐργασαμένας | ἐργάζομαι | VERB | V--AMP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 1 γυναῖκας | acl | high | Aorist middle participle modifying γυναῖκας. |
| 6 | ταύτας | οὗτος | PRON | D- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 ἐργασαμένας | det | high | Demonstrative agreeing with the substantivized/modified feminine accusative plural. |
| 7 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 Λακεδαιμονίων | det | high | |
| 8 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 τροπήν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on τροπήν, ‘the defeat/turning of the Lacedaemonians’. |
| 9 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 τροπήν | det | high | |
| 10 | τροπήν | τροπή | NOUN | A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐργασαμένας | obj | high | Object of ἐργασαμένας. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 εἶναι | punct | high | |
| 12 | Μάρπησσαν | Μάρπησσα | PROPN | N- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ὑπερβαλέσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive ὑπερβαλέσθαι. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 17 ὑπερβαλέσθαι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 14 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 Χοίραν | det | high | |
| 15 | Χοίραν | Χοίρα | PROPN | N- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 Μάρπησσαν | appos | medium | Accusative epithet/name in apposition to Μάρπησσαν. |
| 16 | ἐπονομαζομένην | ἐπονομάζω | VERB | V--PPP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 15 Χοίραν | acl | high | ‘called/nicknamed’; modifies Χοίραν. |
| 17 | ὑπερβαλέσθαι | ὑπερβάλλω | VERB | V--AMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 3 εἶναι | conj | high | Aorist middle infinitive coordinated with εἶναι. |
| 18 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | S- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 τόλμῃ | det | high | |
| 19 | τόλμῃ | τόλμη | NOUN | A- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ὑπερβαλέσθαι | obl | high | Dative of means or respect, ‘in/by boldness’. |
| 20 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | S- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 ἄλλας | det | high | |
| 21 | ἄλλας | ἄλλος | ADJ | A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 22 γυναῖκας | amod | high | |
| 22 | γυναῖκας | γυνή | NOUN | A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 ὑπερβαλέσθαι | obj | high | Object of ὑπερβαλέσθαι. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ὑπερβαλέσθαι | punct | high |
ἁλῶναι δὲ ἐν τοῖς Σπαρτιάταις καὶ αὐτὸν Χάριλλον·
Elliptical infinitival clause: ἁλῶναι is an aorist passive infinitive, with Χάριλλον as its accusative subject and αὐτόν as an accusative predicative/complement; ἐν τοῖς Σπαρτιάταις is a locative phrase. The syntax is somewhat compressed and the exact scope of καί is uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἁλῶναι | ἁλίσκομαι | VERB | V- AorInfPass | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist passive infinitive, likely in an elliptical report construction. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἁλῶναι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Σπαρτιάταις | case | high | Preposition governing the dative phrase. |
| 4 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DatPlMasc | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 Σπαρτιάταις | det | high | Article agreeing with Σπαρτιάταις. |
| 5 | Σπαρτιάταις | Σπαρτιάτης | PROPN | N-DatPlMasc | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἁλῶναι | obl | high | Plural ethnic name in a locative prepositional phrase. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 Χάριλλον | cc | medium | Coordinates or adds the following accusative phrase; exact scope is compressed. |
| 7 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-Dat?AccSgMasc | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 8 Χάριλλον | nmod | low | Accusative masculine singular; likely an emphatic accusative complement/predicative element, though its precise relation is uncertain. |
| 8 | Χάριλλον | Χάριλλος | PROPN | N-AccSgMasc | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἁλῶναι | nsubj | medium | Accusative subject of the infinitive (accusativus cum infinitivo). |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἁλῶναι | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
καὶ τὸν μὲν ἀφεθέντα ἄνευ λύτρων, καὶ ὅρκον Τεγεάταις δόντα μήποτε Λακεδαιμονίους στρατεύσειν ἔτι ἐπὶ Τεγέαν, παραβῆναι τὸν ὅρκον,
The sentence is an accusative-and-infinitive construction continuing prior discourse: παραβῆναι is the main infinitive, while ἀφεθέντα and δόντα coordinate descriptions of its understood accusative subject; στρατεύσειν is the future infinitive expressing the oath.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 19 παραβῆναι | cc | high | |
| 2 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἀφεθέντα | det | high | |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 19 παραβῆναι | discourse | high | |
| 4 | ἀφεθέντα | ἀφίημι | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 19 παραβῆναι | obj | high | Accusative participle coordinated with δόντα; understood as part of the reported object/complement. |
| 5 | ἄνευ | ἄνευ | ADP | _ | _ | 6 λύτρων | case | high | |
| 6 | λύτρων | λύτρον | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ἀφεθέντα | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἄνευ. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἀφεθέντα | punct | high | |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 11 δόντα | cc | high | |
| 9 | ὅρκον | ὅρκος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 δόντα | obj | high | |
| 10 | Τεγεάταις | Τεγεάτης | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 δόντα | iobj | high | Dative recipient of δόντα. |
| 11 | δόντα | δίδωμι | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 παραβῆναι | conj | high | Coordinated accusative participle modifying the understood subject of παραβῆναι. |
| 12 | μήποτε | μήποτε | ADV | _ | Polarity=Neg | 14 στρατεύσειν | advmod | high | Negative adverb in the infinitival oath clause. |
| 13 | Λακεδαιμονίους | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 στρατεύσειν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive στρατεύσειν. |
| 14 | στρατεύσειν | στρατεύω | VERB | _ | Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 11 δόντα | xcomp | high | Future infinitive dependent on δόντα, expressing the oath content. |
| 15 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | _ | _ | 14 στρατεύσειν | advmod | high | |
| 16 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 17 Τεγέαν | case | high | |
| 17 | Τεγέαν | Τεγέα | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 στρατεύσειν | obl | high | Accusative of destination after ἐπί. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 παραβῆναι | punct | high | |
| 19 | παραβῆναι | παραβαίνω | VERB | _ | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Main infinitive; its accusative subject is implicit/anaphoric, with preceding participles describing the person who violated the oath. |
| 20 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ὅρκον | det | high | |
| 21 | ὅρκον | ὅρκος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 παραβῆναι | obj | high | |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 παραβῆναι | punct | high |
τὰς γυναῖκας δὲ τῷ Ἄρει θῦσαί τε ἄνευ τῶν ἀνδρῶν ἰδίᾳ τὰ ἐπινίκια καὶ τοῦ ἱερείου τῶν κρεῶν οὐ μεταδοῦναι σφᾶς τοῖς ἀνδράσιν.
Infinitival coordination (θῦσαι ... καὶ ... μεταδοῦναι) depends on an understood governing verb from context; γυναῖκας is the accusative subject of both infinitives. The reflexive σφᾶς is the object of μεταδοῦναι and refers to the women, while τοῖς ἀνδράσιν is the dative complement of μεταδίδωμι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-PAF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 2 γυναῖκας | det | high | |
| 2 | γυναῖκας | γυνή | NOUN | N-PAF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 θῦσαί | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the coordinated infinitives. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 6 θῦσαί | cc | high | Adversative/continuative particle. |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Ἄρει | det | high | |
| 5 | Ἄρει | Ἄρης | PROPN | N-DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 θῦσαί | iobj | high | Recipient/deity to whom the sacrifice is made. |
| 6 | θῦσαί | θύω | VERB | V-AAN- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | First coordinated infinitive; governing predicate is supplied by context. |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 6 θῦσαί | cc | high | Coordinates θῦσαι with μεταδοῦναι. |
| 8 | ἄνευ | ἄνευ | ADP | R--------- | _ | 10 ἀνδρῶν | case | high | |
| 9 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-PGM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἀνδρῶν | det | high | |
| 10 | ἀνδρῶν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-G-M-P | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἰδίᾳ | obl | high | Object of ἄνευ. |
| 11 | ἰδίᾳ | ἴδιος | ADV | A-------- | Degree=Pos | 6 θῦσαί | advmod | medium | Adverbial use: separately/privately. |
| 12 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-NPN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἐπινίκια | det | high | |
| 13 | ἐπινίκια | ἐπινίκιος | NOUN | A-NPN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 θῦσαί | obj | high | Substantivized neuter plural, object of θῦσαι. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 20 μεταδοῦναι | cc | high | Coordinates the second infinitive with θῦσαι. |
| 15 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ἱερείου | det | high | |
| 16 | ἱερείου | ἱερεῖον | NOUN | N-GSN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 μεταδοῦναι | obl | medium | Partitive/source genitive with μεταδοῦναι: share of the sacrificial animal. |
| 17 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 κρεῶν | det | high | |
| 18 | κρεῶν | κρέας | NOUN | N-GPN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 16 ἱερείου | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἱερείου. |
| 19 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D--------- | Polarity=Neg | 20 μεταδοῦναι | advmod | high | |
| 20 | μεταδοῦναι | μεταδίδωμι | VERB | V-2AAN- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 6 θῦσαί | conj | high | Second coordinated infinitive. |
| 21 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-AP--- | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 20 μεταδοῦναι | obj | medium | Reflexive pronoun referring to γυναῖκας; recipient/object of withholding a share. |
| 22 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 ἀνδράσιν | det | high | |
| 23 | ἀνδράσιν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 μεταδοῦναι | iobj | high | Recipients denied the meat. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 θῦσαί | punct | high |
ἀντὶ τούτων μὲν τῷ Ἄρει γέγονεν ἡ ἐπίκλησις·
The sentence states that, in place of these, the appellation has accrued to Ares; τῷ Ἄρει is the dative complement of γέγονεν, while μὲν is continuative and anticipates a contrast outside the sentence.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀντὶ | ἀντί | ADP | R- | AdpType=Prep | 2 τούτων | case | high | |
| 2 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | RD-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 6 γέγονεν | obl | high | Genitive governed by ἀντί. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X | _ | 6 γέγονεν | discourse | high | Continuative/contrastive particle; UD relation shown as discourse. |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | DA-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 Ἄρει | det | high | |
| 5 | Ἄρει | Ἄρης | PROPN | Ne-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|NameType=Giv|Number=Sing | 6 γέγονεν | iobj | medium | Dative recipient/goal with γέγονεν; could be analyzed as an oblique complement. |
| 6 | γέγονεν | γίγνομαι | VERB | V3SRAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | DA-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 ἐπίκλησις | det | high | |
| 8 | ἐπίκλησις | ἐπίκλησις | NOUN | N-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 γέγονεν | nsubj | high | |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 γέγονεν | punct | high |