Grammar parses for passage 8.8.1
Open translation for this passage
τόδε μὲν ἡμῖν ἐγένετο ἐπεισόδιον τῷ λόγῳ·
The clause means approximately ‘this became an episode for us in the narrative’; ἐπεισόδιον is analyzed as a substantivized predicative neuter adjective, with τῷ λόγῳ as a dative oblique phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τόδε | ὅδε | PRON | PDN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐγένετο | nsubj | high | Neuter demonstrative pronoun functioning substantivally as subject. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X | _ | 4 ἐγένετο | discourse | high | Correlative particle; the corresponding δέ is not present in this token sequence. |
| 3 | ἡμῖν | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1P | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=1 | 4 ἐγένετο | iobj | high | Dative of possession or personal involvement with ἐγένετο. |
| 4 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-API-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist middle indicative, third singular. |
| 5 | ἐπεισόδιον | ἐπεισόδιος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐγένετο | predicative | medium | Neuter nominative predicative adjective, substantivized: ‘an episode/incident’. |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RA-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 λόγῳ | det | high | Article agreeing with λόγῳ. |
| 7 | λόγῳ | λόγος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐπεισόδιον | obl | medium | Dative phrase τῷ λόγῳ, likely ‘in/within the narrative’; exact semantic relation is context-dependent. |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐγένετο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
μετὰ δὲ τὰ ἐρείπια τῆς Νεστάνης ἱερὸν Δήμητρός ἐστιν ἅγιον, καὶ αὐτῇ καὶ ἑορτὴν ἀνὰ πᾶν ἔτος ἄγουσιν οἱ Μαντινεῖς.
The first clause is an existential predication: ἱερόν is the subject and ἅγιον the predicate adjective; αὐτῇ is dative of honor/reference with ἑορτήν, and ἀνά with the accusative expresses recurrence. The coordination is slightly compressed but syntactically clear.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | R- | AdpType=Prep | 4 ἐρείπια | case | high | With accusative τὰ ἐρείπια, spatially ‘after/beyond’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 7 ἱερὸν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | RA-----NPA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 ἐρείπια | det | high | |
| 4 | ἐρείπια | ἐρείπιον | NOUN | N-----NPA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ἱερὸν | obl | high | Object of μετά. |
| 5 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA-----GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Νεστάνης | det | high | |
| 6 | Νεστάνης | Νεστάνη | PROPN | Ne----GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐρείπια | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἐρείπια. |
| 7 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-----NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Existential subject. |
| 8 | Δήμητρός | Δημήτηρ | PROPN | Ne-----G-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Genitive of dedication/association: sanctuary of Demeter. |
| 9 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | ἅγιον | ἅγιος | ADJ | A-----NSN | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἱερὸν | amod | high | Predicate adjective agreeing with ἱερόν; analyzed attributively in UD. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | U | _ | 9 ἐστιν | punct | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 19 ἄγουσιν | cc | high | Coordinates the second clause. |
| 13 | αὐτῇ | αὐτός | PRON | P---DS-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 15 ἑορτὴν | iobj | medium | Dative of honor/reference, ‘for her’ (Demeter); could be analyzed as an oblique beneficiary. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 15 ἑορτὴν | cc | high | Coordinates the object with its modifier/phrase. |
| 15 | ἑορτὴν | ἑορτή | NOUN | N-----ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἄγουσιν | obj | high | Object of ἄγουσιν. |
| 16 | ἀνὰ | ἀνά | ADP | R- | AdpType=Prep | 18 ἔτος | case | high | With accusative, distributive/recurrent ‘each’. |
| 17 | πᾶν | πᾶς | DET | A-----ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Tot | 18 ἔτος | det | high | Agrees with ἔτος. |
| 18 | ἔτος | ἔτος | NOUN | N-----ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ἄγουσιν | obl | high | Temporal accusative governed by ἀνά. |
| 19 | ἄγουσιν | ἄγω | VERB | V3PPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 ἐστιν | conj | high | Finite verb of the coordinated clause. |
| 20 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-----NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 21 Μαντινεῖς | det | high | |
| 21 | Μαντινεῖς | Μαντινεύς | PROPN | NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἄγουσιν | nsubj | high | Explicit subject of ἄγουσιν. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | U | _ | 19 ἄγουσιν | punct | high |
καὶ κατὰ τὴν Νεστάνην ὑπόκειται μάλιστα , μοῖρα μὲν καὶ αὐτὴ τοῦ πεδίου τοῦ Ἀργοῦ, χορὸς δὲ ὀνομάζεται Μαιρᾶς.
The sentence has an initial coordinated predicate ὑπόκειται μάλιστα κατὰ τὴν Νεστάνην, followed by an appositional/explanatory μέν–δέ construction: μοῖρα ... τοῦ πεδίου τοῦ Ἀργοῦ and χορὸς ... Μαιρᾶς. The exact syntactic attachment of the verbless μοῖρα phrase is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ὑπόκειται | cc | high | |
| 2 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 Νεστάνην | case | high | Accusative spatial usage. |
| 3 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 Νεστάνην | det | high | |
| 4 | Νεστάνην | Νεστάνη | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ὑπόκειται | obl | high | Place name. |
| 5 | ὑπόκειται | ὑπόκειμαι | VERB | V-PPMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D | Degree=Sup | 5 ὑπόκειται | advmod | high | |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 5 ὑπόκειται | punct | high | |
| 8 | μοῖρα | μοῖρα | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ὑπόκειται | appos | medium | Elliptical explanatory/appositional phrase; implied relation to the preceding subject/location. |
| 9 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X | _ | 8 μοῖρα | discourse | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 αὐτὴ | advmod | medium | Adverbial καί, ‘also/even’, modifying αὐτή. |
| 11 | αὐτὴ | αὐτός | PRON | P-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 8 μοῖρα | appos | medium | Intensive/personal pronoun agreeing with μοῖρα; could be analyzed as a predicative or emphatic modifier. |
| 12 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 πεδίου | det | high | |
| 13 | πεδίου | πεδίον | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 μοῖρα | nmod | high | |
| 14 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Ἀργοῦ | det | high | |
| 15 | Ἀργοῦ | Ἄργος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 πεδίου | nmod | high | Place name; genitive dependent on πεδίου. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 17 χορὸς | punct | high | |
| 17 | χορὸς | χορός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ὀνομάζεται | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of the passive ὀνομάζεται. |
| 18 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 ὀνομάζεται | cc | high | |
| 19 | ὀνομάζεται | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PPMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 5 ὑπόκειται | conj | high | Passive/deponent-like middle form, ‘is called/named’. |
| 20 | Μαιρᾶς | Μαιρᾶς | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ὀνομάζεται | xcomp | medium | Predicate name in the naming construction; nominative is retained with passive ὀνομάζεται. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 5 ὑπόκειται | punct | high |
τοῦ πεδίου δέ ἐστιν ἡ διέξοδος τοῦ Ἀργοῦ σταδίων δέκα.
Copular clause: ἡ διέξοδος is the subject and πεδίου plus Ἀργοῦ are genitives dependent on διέξοδος; σταδίων δέκα is a genitive measure phrase indicating extent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-dmg | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 2 πεδίου | det | high | |
| 2 | πεδίου | πεδίον | NOUN | N-dgn-s | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 διέξοδος | nmod | high | Possessive/source genitive with διέξοδος. |
| 3 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 4 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-dfn-s | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 διέξοδος | det | high | |
| 6 | διέξοδος | διέξοδος | NOUN | N-nfn-s | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of the copula. |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-dmg-s | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 Ἀργοῦ | det | high | |
| 8 | Ἀργοῦ | Ἀργός | PROPN | Ne-sgn-s | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 διέξοδος | nmod | medium | Proper-name genitive; likely specifies the place/name associated with the passage. |
| 9 | σταδίων | στάδιον | NOUN | N-dgn-p | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 δέκα | nmod | high | Measure-unit genitive governed by the numeral. |
| 10 | δέκα | δέκα | NUM | M-------- | NumType=Card | 6 διέξοδος | nummod | medium | Cardinal modifying the measure phrase σταδίων δέκα; attachment of the whole phrase to διέξοδος is syntactically elliptical/uncertain. |
| 11 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high |
ὑπερβὰς δὲ οὐ πολὺ ἐς ἕτερον καταβήσῃ πεδίον· ἐν τούτῳ δὲ παρὰ τὴν λεωφόρον ἐστὶν Ἄρνη καλουμένη κρήνη.
The passage contains two coordinated clauses: an implied-subject future movement clause and an existential clause. Ἄρνη is the name associated with κρήνη, represented as a proper-name modifier with καλουμένη as an adjectival passive participle.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὑπερβὰς | ὑπερβαίνω | VERB | V-APA-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 7 καταβήσῃ | advcl | high | Aorist participle, agreeing with the implicit second-person subject. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 καταβήσῃ | cc | high | |
| 3 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART בנ | Polarity=Neg | 7 καταβήσῃ | advmod | high | |
| 4 | πολὺ | πολύς | ADV | ADV | _ | 7 καταβήσῃ | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative modifying the extent/distance. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 πεδίον | case | high | |
| 6 | ἕτερον | ἕτερος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 πεδίον | amod | high | Neuter adjective substantively used with πεδίον. |
| 7 | καταβήσῃ | καταβαίνω | VERB | V-FAI-2S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Future|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | πεδίον | πεδίον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 καταβήσῃ | obl | high | Accusative governed by εἰς. |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 καταβήσῃ | punct | high | |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 τούτῳ | case | high | |
| 11 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | D-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ἐστὶν | obl | high | Dative of location with ἐν; refers to the plain. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ἐστὶν | cc | high | |
| 13 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | PREP | _ | 15 λεωφόρον | case | high | παρά with accusative means alongside/beside. |
| 14 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 λεωφόρον | det | high | |
| 15 | λεωφόρον | λεωφόρος | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἐστὶν | obl | high | |
| 16 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential clause; nominal predicate follows. |
| 17 | Ἄρνη | Ἄρνη | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 κρήνη | nmod | high | Proper-name modifier identifying the spring. |
| 18 | καλουμένη | καλέω | VERB | V-PPP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 19 κρήνη | acl | high | Adjectival participle modifying κρήνη; Ἄρνη is its predicate/name complement. |
| 19 | κρήνη | κρήνη | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Subject of existential ἐστίν. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἐστὶν | punct | high |