Grammar parses for passage 9.15.5
Open translation for this passage
ὡς δὲ ἀφίκετο πρὸς Μαντίνειαν τῇ στρατιᾷ, νικῶν καὶ τότε ὑπὸ ἀνδρὸς ἀπέθανεν Ἀθηναίου·
The temporal clause ὡς ἀφίκετο is subordinate to the main ἀπέθανεν; νικῶν is a circumstantial participle with the understood subject of the main verb. The exact force of τῇ στρατιᾷ is slightly context-dependent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ἀφίκετο | mark | high | Temporal/subordinate conjunction introducing the clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ἀφίκετο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀφίκετο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-3S-AEI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 14 ἀπέθανεν | advcl | high | Aorist middle indicative, subordinate temporal event. |
| 4 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Μαντίνειαν | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 5 | Μαντίνειαν | Μαντίνεια | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἀφίκετο | obl | high | Destination with πρὸς. |
| 6 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 στρατιᾷ | det | high | Article agreeing with στρατιᾷ. |
| 7 | στρατιᾷ | στρατιά | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἀφίκετο | obl | high | Dative of accompaniment or means: with the army. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἀφίκετο | punct | high | |
| 9 | νικῶν | νικάω | VERB | V-PAPNSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 14 ἀπέθανεν | advcl | medium | Present active participle, circumstantial; subject is understood as the subject of ἀπέθανεν. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 νικῶν | cc | high | Coordinates the participial circumstance with the finite clause. |
| 11 | τότε | τότε | ADV | ADV | _ | 14 ἀπέθανεν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 12 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 ἀνδρὸς | case | high | Agent preposition governing genitive. |
| 13 | ἀνδρὸς | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἀπέθανεν | obl:agent | high | Genitive agent of the passive-like event implied by ἀπέθανεν. |
| 14 | ἀπέθανεν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-2S-A上I | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist active indicative; intransitive main predicate. |
| 15 | Ἀθηναίου | Ἀθηναῖος | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἀνδρὸς | amod | high | Ethnic adjective agreeing with ἀνδρός, ‘Athenian’. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἀπέθανεν | punct | high |
καὶ Ἀθήνῃσιν ἐν ἱππέων μάχῃ τὸν Ἐπαμινώνδαν ὁ ἀνὴρ οὗτος γέγραπται φονεύων Γρύλος ὁ Ξενοφῶντος,
The passive perfect γέγραπται governs an accusative-plus-participial construction: the man is recorded as killing Gryllus; Ἀθήνῃσιν is a locative plural form, and the exact attachment of the prefatory καί is mildly uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 γέγραπται | cc | medium | Coordinates with preceding context; attachment is discourse-level. |
| 2 | Ἀθήνῃσιν | Ἀθῆναι | PROPN | Ne-d-------- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 μάχῃ | obl | medium | Ionic/poetic locative-dative plural form, ‘at Athens’. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 μάχῃ | case | high | |
| 4 | ἱππέων | ἱππεύς | NOUN | N-------G- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 μάχῃ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on μάχῃ: ‘of cavalrymen’. |
| 5 | μάχῃ | μάχη | NOUN | N1---DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 φονεύων | obl | high | Dative object of ἐν, forming the locative circumstance. |
| 6 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | P----ASM- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ἐπαμινώνδαν | det | high | |
| 7 | Ἐπαμινώνδαν | Ἐπαμινώνδας | PROPN | Ne-s---AM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 φονεύων | obj | high | Accusative male personal name; syntactically an apparent secondary object of φονεύων, though the construction is semantically difficult. |
| 8 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | P----NSM- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἀνὴρ | det | high | |
| 9 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 γέγραπται | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of γέγραπται. |
| 10 | οὗτος | οὗτος | DET | Pd----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 9 ἀνὴρ | det | high | Demonstrative modifying ἀνήρ. |
| 11 | γέγραπται | γράφω | VERB | V----RPM-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect passive: ‘has been recorded/written’. |
| 12 | φονεύων | φονεύω | VERB | V- sapamg? | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 11 γέγραπται | xcomp | medium | Predicative nominative participle agreeing with ἀνήρ; the supplied form is regular, but the participial construction with both accusatives is syntactically compressed. |
| 13 | Γρύλος | Γρύλος | PROPN | Ne-s---NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 φονεύων | obj | low | Form is nominative, although the sense requires Gryllus as the killed person; possibly a textual/case irregularity or appositional naming. |
| 14 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | P----NSM- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Ξενοφῶντος | det | high | |
| 15 | Ξενοφῶντος | Ξενοφῶν | PROPN | Ne-s---GM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 Γρύλος | nmod | high | Genitive of parentage/identification: ‘Gryllus, [son] of Xenophon’. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 γέγραπται | punct | high |
Ξενοφῶντος δὴ τοῦ Κύρῳ ὁδοῦ μετασχόντος ἐπὶ βασιλέα Ἀρταξέρξην καὶ ὀπίσω τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ἐπὶ θάλασσαν ἡγησαμένου.
Genitive absolute: Ξενοφῶντος ... μετασχόντος ... ἡγησαμένου; τοῦ Κύρῳ ὁδοῦ is a genitive construction with μετασχόντος, while Ἀρταξέρξην and θάλασσαν are destinations with ἐπί. The attachment of τοῦ to ὁδοῦ is syntactically somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ξενοφῶντος | Ξενοφῶν | PROPN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 μετασχόντος | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive-absolute participle μετασχόντος. |
| 2 | δὴ | δή | PART | X---- | _ | 6 μετασχόντος | discourse | high | |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Κύρῳ | det | medium | Taken as article with Κύρῳ in an idiomatic genitive construction; form is masculine genitive singular. |
| 4 | Κύρῳ | Κῦρος | PROPN | N----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ὁδοῦ | nmod | medium | Dative associated with ὁδοῦ/μετασχόντος, likely ‘the expedition/path of Cyrus’; exact attachment uncertain. |
| 5 | ὁδοῦ | ὁδός | NOUN | N----GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 μετασχόντος | obl | medium | Genitive object/participial complement of μετασχόντος, ‘having taken part in the expedition/journey’. |
| 6 | μετασχόντος | μετέχω | VERB | V-AAP-GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 16 ἡγησαμένου | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle; coordinated with ἡγησαμένου. |
| 7 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R----A-- | Case=Acc | 8 βασιλέα | case | high | |
| 8 | βασιλέα | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Ἀρταξέρξην | appos | high | Appositional title modifying Ἀρταξέρξην. |
| 9 | Ἀρταξέρξην | Ἀρταξέρξης | PROPN | N----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 μετασχόντος | obl | high | Goal of movement with ἐπί. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 ἡγησαμένου | cc | high | Coordinates the two genitive-absolute participles. |
| 11 | ὀπίσω | ὀπίσω | ADV | D-------- | _ | 16 ἡγησαμένου | advmod | high | Adverb ‘back/again’. |
| 12 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T----DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 Ἕλλησιν | det | high | |
| 13 | Ἕλλησιν | Ἕλλην | PROPN | N----DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἡγησαμένου | iobj | high | Dative of the people led. |
| 14 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R----A-- | Case=Acc | 15 θάλασσαν | case | high | |
| 15 | θάλασσαν | θάλασσα | NOUN | N----AFS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἡγησαμένου | obl | high | Goal of movement with ἐπί. |
| 16 | ἡγησαμένου | ἡγέομαι | VERB | V-AMP-GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Genitive-absolute participle, coordinated with μετασχόντος; subject is the understood Ξενοφῶντος. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἡγησαμένου | punct | high |