Grammar parses for passage 9.15.4
Open translation for this passage
Θηβαίοις δὲ ἦν καθεστηκὸς τοὺς μὲν ἄλλους, ὁπόσους αἰχμαλώτους ἕλοιεν, ἀφιέναι χρημάτων, τοὺς δὲ ἐκ Βοιωτῶν φεύγοντας ζημιοῦν θανάτῳ·
Impersonal construction ἦν καθεστηκός governs the infinitival policy: ἀφιέναι ... ζημιοῦν. Θηβαίοις is the dative experiencer/possessor; τοὺς μὲν ἄλλους and τοὺς δὲ ... φεύγοντας are coordinated accusative subjects of the infinitives. ὁπόσους αἰχμαλώτους ἕλοιεν is a relative/indefinite quantifying clause modifying τοὺς ἄλλους; ἕλοιεν is morphologically ambiguous, here taken as optative in subordinate oblique context.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Θηβαίοις | Θηβαῖος | PROPN | N--DP--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἦν | iobj | high | Dative of the persons for whom the established practice existed. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 ἦν | cc | high | Postpositive coordinator. |
| 3 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SIAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act | 4 καθεστηκὸς | cop | high | Imperfect copula with neuter singular καθεστηκός. |
| 4 | καθεστηκὸς | καθίστημι | VERB | V--RAN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Perfect active participle, neuter singular, functioning predicatively in an impersonal construction. |
| 5 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | L--PAMA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἄλλους | det | high | |
| 6 | μὲν | μέν | PART | D-------- | _ | 7 ἄλλους | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with δέ at token 17. |
| 7 | ἄλλους | ἄλλος | PRON | A--PAM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἀφιέναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of infinitive ἀφιέναι. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἄλλους | punct | high | |
| 9 | ὁπόσους | ὁπόσος | PRON | A--PAM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἕλοιεν | obj | medium | Quantifying relative pronoun, object of ἕλοιεν and linked semantically to τοὺς ἄλλους. |
| 10 | αἰχμαλώτους | αἰχμάλωτος | ADJ | A--PAM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ὁπόσους | amod | high | Substantivized adjective, modifying ὁπόσους. |
| 11 | ἕλοιεν | αἱρέω | VERB | V3PAO--- | Mood=Opt|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 9 ὁπόσους | acl:relcl | medium | Taken as aorist active optative in the relative clause; formally could be read otherwise in isolation. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἕλοιεν | punct | high | |
| 13 | ἀφιέναι | ἀφίημι | VERB | V--PAN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 καθεστηκὸς | csubj | high | Present active infinitive, coordinated with ζημιοῦν, expressing the established policy. |
| 14 | χρημάτων | χρῆμα | NOUN | N--GPN--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἀφιέναι | obl | high | Genitive of price or penalty: release in exchange for money. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἀφιέναι | punct | high | |
| 16 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | L--PAMA-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 φεύγοντας | det | high | |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 ζημιοῦν | cc | high | Second member of the μέν ... δέ coordination. |
| 18 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 Βοιωτῶν | case | high | Takes the genitive Βοιωτῶν. |
| 19 | Βοιωτῶν | Βοιωτός | PROPN | N--GPM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 φεύγοντας | obl | high | Genitive governed by ἐκ. |
| 20 | φεύγοντας | φεύγω | VERB | V--PAM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 21 ζημιοῦν | nsubj | high | Participial accusative subject of ζημιοῦν, modifying τοὺς. |
| 21 | ζημιοῦν | ζημιόω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 καθεστηκὸς | conj | high | Second coordinated infinitive, with accusative subject τοὺς ... φεύγοντας. |
| 22 | θανάτῳ | θάνατος | NOUN | N--DSM--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ζημιοῦν | obl | high | Dative of means or penalty: punish with death. |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 καθεστηκὸς | punct | high |