Grammar parses for passage 9.23.2
Open translation for this passage
ὑπερβάντι δὲ τοῦ σταδίου τὰ ἐν δεξιᾷ δρόμος ἵππων καὶ ἐν αὐτῷ Πινδάρου μνῆμά ἐστι.
Syntax is somewhat compressed: ὑπερβάντι forms a circumstantial participial clause, while the main clause is copular with μνῆμά as subject and δρόμος as a nominative appositive/predicate-like description.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὑπερβάντι | ὑπερβαίνω | VERB | V-AAP-DMS | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Active | 8 δρόμος | advcl | high | Aorist active participle agreeing with implied addressee/situational subject in dative absolute-like construction. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 8 δρόμος | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-S---MG- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 4 σταδίου | det | high | Article modifying σταδίου. |
| 4 | σταδίου | στάδιον | NOUN | N-S---NG- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 1 ὑπερβάντι | obl | high | Part of genitive phrase depending on ὑπερβάντι. |
| 5 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-AP---NA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 8 δρόμος | det | high | Article with δρόμος. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R--------- | _ | 8 δρόμος | case | high | Preposition introducing locative phrase. |
| 7 | δεξιᾷ | δεξιός | ADJ | A--D---FS- | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 8 δρόμος | amod | medium | Likely substantive use with ἐν, 'on the right'. |
| 8 | δρόμος | δρόμος | NOUN | N-S---NM- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 15 ἐστι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστι. |
| 9 | ἵππων | ἵππος | NOUN | N-P---MG- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 8 δρόμος | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of δρόμος. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 8 δρόμος | cc | high | Connects coordinated locative phrase with preceding phrase. |
| 11 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R--------- | _ | 14 μνῆμά | case | high | Preposition introducing phrase modifying μνῆμά. |
| 12 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-S---MD- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 14 μνῆμά | obl | high | Dative object of ἐν; refers to δρόμος/χώρος. |
| 13 | Πινδάρου | Πίνδαρος | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 14 μνῆμά | nmod | high | Possessive genitive modifying μνῆμά. |
| 14 | μνῆμά | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-S---NN- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 15 ἐστι | nsubj | high | Subject complement/topic of ἐστι. |
| 15 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=Third|Tense=Present|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐστι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Πίνδαρον δὲ ἡλικίαν ὄντα νεανίσκον καὶ ἰόντα ἐς Θεσπιὰς θέρους ὥρᾳ καύματος περὶ μεσοῦσαν μάλιστα ἡμέραν κόπος καὶ ὕπνος ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ κατελάμβανεν·
Main clause with imperfect verb; participial phrase in accusative absolute-like construction describing Pindar, and temporal/adverbial modifiers around the main subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Πίνδαρον | Πίνδαρος | PROPN | Ne-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ὄντα | obj | high | Accusative of respect/subject within the participial construction. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | Pt | _ | 22 κατελάμβανεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἡλικίαν | ἡλικία | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ὄντα | obj | high | Accusative complement with εἶναι/ὄντα implied in the participial phrase. |
| 4 | ὄντα | εἰμί | VERB | Pqpapa--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 Πίνδαρον | advcl | high | Participial predicate dependent on Πίνδαρον. |
| 5 | νεανίσκον | νεανίσκος | NOUN | N-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ὄντα | xcomp | medium | Likely predicative complement of the participle; could also be appositional. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 7 ἰόντα | cc | high | Connects participles. |
| 7 | ἰόντα | εἶμι | VERB | Pqpapa--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 ὄντα | conj | high | Second participle coordinated with ὄντα. |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R- | _ | 9 Θεσπιὰς | case | high | Preposition governing Θεσπιὰς. |
| 9 | Θεσπιὰς | Θεσπιαί | PROPN | Ne-p---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 ἰόντα | obl | high | Goal of motion. |
| 10 | θέρους | θέρος | NOUN | N-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ὥρᾳ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ὥρᾳ. |
| 11 | ὥρᾳ | ὥρα | NOUN | N-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 κατελάμβανεν | obl | high | Temporal oblique, modified by καύματος and περὶ μεσοῦσαν μάλιστα ἡμέραν. |
| 12 | καύματος | καῦμα | NOUN | N-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ὥρᾳ | nmod | high | Genitive of quality/description with ὥρᾳ. |
| 13 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R- | _ | 16 ἡμέραν | case | high | Preposition governing ἡμέραν. |
| 14 | μεσοῦσαν | μέσος | ADJ | A-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἡμέραν | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying ἡμέραν. |
| 15 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D---- | _ | 16 ἡμέραν | advmod | high | Degree adverb modifying ἡμέραν. |
| 16 | ἡμέραν | ἡμέρα | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ὥρᾳ | obl | high | Time phrase dependent on ὥρᾳ. |
| 17 | κόπος | κόπος | NOUN | N-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 κατελάμβανεν | nsubj | high | Subject of κατελάμβανεν. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 19 ὕπνος | cc | high | Connects coordinated subject. |
| 19 | ὕπνος | ὕπνος | NOUN | N-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 κόπος | conj | high | Co-subject with κόπος. |
| 20 | ἀπʼ | ἀπό | ADP | R- | _ | 21 αὐτοῦ | case | high | Preposition governing αὐτοῦ. |
| 21 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | Pp-s---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 22 κατελάμβανεν | obl | medium | Genitive governed by ἀπό; relation to verb is adverbial/source. |
| 22 | κατελάμβανεν | καταλαμβάνω | VERB | V3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 22 κατελάμβανεν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ὁ μὲν δὴ ὡς εἷχε κατακλίνεται βραχὺ ὑπὲρ τῆς ὁδοῦ, μέλισσαι δὲ αὐτῷ καθεύδοντι προσεπέτοντό τε καὶ ἔπλασσον πρὸς τὰ χείλη τοῦ κηροῦ.
The syntax is somewhat difficult because ὡς εἷχε is circumstantial and προσεπέτοντό τε καὶ ἔπλασσον forms a coordinated predicate; the main verbal anchor for the second clause is taken as προσεπέτοντό.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 κατακλίνεται | nsubj | high | Article used substantively with implied referent. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 6 κατακλίνεται | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | _ | _ | 6 κατακλίνεται | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 5 εἷχε | mark | medium | Introduces comparative/circumstantial clause. |
| 5 | εἷχε | ἔχω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 6 κατακλίνεται | advcl | high | Temporal/circumstantial clause modifying κατακλίνεται. |
| 6 | κατακλίνεται | κατακλίνω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 7 | βραχὺ | βραχύς | ADV | _ | _ | 6 κατακλίνεται | advmod | medium | Adverbial use of neuter accusative, ‘a short distance/briefly’. |
| 8 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | _ | _ | 10 ὁδοῦ | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 9 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 ὁδοῦ | det | high | Article with noun. |
| 10 | ὁδοῦ | ὁδός | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 κατακλίνεται | obl | high | Prepositional oblique modifier. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 κατακλίνεται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 12 | μέλισσαι | μέλισσα | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 προσεπέτοντό | nsubj | high | Subject of προσεπέτοντό/ἔπλασσον. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 16 προσεπέτοντό | discourse | high | Connective particle. |
| 14 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 16 προσεπέτοντό | iobj | medium | Dative of indirect object/reference. |
| 15 | καθεύδοντι | καθεύδω | VERB | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 14 αὐτῷ | amod | medium | Attributive participle modifying αὐτῷ. |
| 16 | προσεπέτοντό | προπετάομαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | low | Likely main predicate; orthography/lemma somewhat uncertain. |
| 17 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 16 προσεπέτοντό | cc | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 16 προσεπέτοντό | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 19 | ἔπλασσον | πλάσσω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 16 προσεπέτοντό | conj | high | Coordinated verb with προσεπέτοντό. |
| 20 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | _ | _ | 22 χείλη | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 21 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 22 χείλη | det | high | Article with noun. |
| 22 | χείλη | χεῖλος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 ἔπλασσον | obl | high | Goal/target phrase. |
| 23 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 24 κηροῦ | det | high | Article with noun. |
| 24 | κηροῦ | κηρός | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 χείλη | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of χείλη. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 προσεπέτοντό | punct | high | Punctuation. |