Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 9.27.7

← 9.27.69.27.8 →

Passage 9.27.7

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed
88Greek tokens
2,567input tokens
6,345output tokens
Sentence 1

9.27.7 sentence 1

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ἐγὼ δὲ ἤκουσα μὲν καὶ ἄλλον λόγον, ὡς διὰ πασῶν ὁ Ἡρακλῆς τῶν Θεστίου παρθένων διεξέλθοι τῇ αὐτῇ νυκτὶ καὶ ὡς ἄρσενας παῖδας αὐτῷ πᾶσαι τέκοιεν, διδύμους δὲ ἥ τε νεωτάτη καὶ ἡ πρεσβυτάτη.

The sentence reports two variants with ὡς-clauses: ἤκουσα governs λόγον, while διεξέλθοι and τέκοιεν are optatives in reported discourse. The final ἥ τε ... καὶ ἡ ... coordinates the youngest and oldest daughters as the mothers of twins.

punct ccomp ccomp mark case cc nsubj punct det mark amod obj nsubj obl obj conj nsubj cc det det iobj det cc cc discourse amod det nmod obl amod amod nsubj punct cc cc det root 1 ἐγὼ ἐγώ / PRON 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 ἤκουσα ἀκούω / VERB 4 μὲν μέν / PART 5 καὶ καί / CCONJ 6 ἄλλον ἄλλος / ADJ 7 λόγον λόγος / NOUN 8 , , / PUNCT 9 ὡς ὡς / SCONJ 10 διὰ διά / ADP 11 πασῶν πᾶς / DET 12 ὁ / DET 13 Ἡρακλῆς Ἡρακλῆς / PROPN 14 τῶν ὁ / DET 15 Θεστίου Θέστιος / PROPN 16 παρθένων παρθένος / NOUN 17 διεξέλθοι διεξέρχομαι / VERB 18 τῇ ὁ / DET 19 αὐτῇ αὐτός / ADJ 20 νυκτὶ νύξ / NOUN 21 καὶ καί / CCONJ 22 ὡς ὡς / SCONJ 23 ἄρσενας ἄρσην / ADJ 24 παῖδας παῖς / NOUN 25 αὐτῷ αὐτός / PRON 26 πᾶσαι πᾶς / DET 27 τέκοιεν τίκτω / VERB 28 , , / PUNCT 29 διδύμους δίδυμος / ADJ 30 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 31 ὁ / DET 32 τε τε / CCONJ 33 νεωτάτη νέος / ADJ 34 καὶ καί / CCONJ 35 ὁ / DET 36 πρεσβυτάτη πρέσβυς / ADJ 37 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἐγὼἐγώPRONP-S---1-----Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs3 ἤκουσαnsubjhigh
2δὲδέCCONJC--------_3 ἤκουσαcchigh
3ἤκουσαἀκούωVERBV-AAI-1S-Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
4μὲνμένPARTD--------_3 ἤκουσαdiscoursehighCorrelative particle, answered loosely by δέ.
5καὶκαίCCONJC--------_7 λόγονcchigh
6ἄλλονἄλλοςADJAASM----Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing7 λόγονamodhigh
7λόγονλόγοςNOUNN-ASM----Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing3 ἤκουσαobjhigh
8,,PUNCT__3 ἤκουσαpuncthigh
9ὡςὡςSCONJC--------_17 διεξέλθοιmarkhighIntroduces reported-content clause.
10διὰδιάADPR--------_16 παρθένωνcasehigh
11πασῶνπᾶςDETA-GPF---Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur16 παρθένωνdethigh
12DETLNSM----Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art13 Ἡρακλῆςdethigh
13ἩρακλῆςἩρακλῆςPROPNNNSM----Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing17 διεξέλθοιnsubjhigh
14τῶνDETL-GPF---Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art16 παρθένωνdethigh
15ΘεστίουΘέστιοςPROPNN-GSM----Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing16 παρθένωνnmodhighPatronymic/possessive genitive.
16παρθένωνπαρθένοςNOUNN-GPF----Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur17 διεξέλθοιoblhighObject of διά.
17διεξέλθοιδιεξέρχομαιVERBV-A-O-3S-Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act3 ἤκουσαccompmediumAorist active optative in reported discourse; middle lexical form is possible in lexica.
18τῇDETL-DSF---Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art20 νυκτὶdethigh
19αὐτῇαὐτόςADJA-DSF----Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing20 νυκτὶamodhighAdjectival intensive/pronominal form.
20νυκτὶνύξNOUNN-DSF----Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing17 διεξέλθοιoblhighTemporal dative.
21καὶκαίCCONJC--------_27 τέκοιενcchigh
22ὡςὡςSCONJC--------_27 τέκοιενmarkhighIntroduces coordinated reported-content clause.
23ἄρσεναςἄρσηνADJA-APM----Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur24 παῖδαςamodhigh
24παῖδαςπαῖςNOUNN-APM----Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur27 τέκοιενobjhighAccusative object of τέκοιεν.
25αὐτῷαὐτόςPRONP-DSM----Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs27 τέκοιενiobjhighDative of recipient/father.
26πᾶσαιπᾶςDETA-NPF---Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur27 τέκοιενnsubjhigh
27τέκοιεντίκτωVERBV-A-O-3P-Mood=Opt|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act3 ἤκουσαccomphigh
28,,PUNCT__27 τέκοιενpuncthigh
29διδύμουςδίδυμοςADJA-APM----Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur24 παῖδαςamodhighPredicative/object-oriented adjective modifying παῖδας.
30δὲδέCCONJC--------_31 ἥccmediumAdversative/continuative particle in the parenthetical specification.
31DETL-NSF---Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art33 νεωτάτηdethighArticle substantivizing νεωτάτη.
32τετεCCONJC--------_33 νεωτάτηcchigh
33νεωτάτηνέοςADJA-NSFSUPCase=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing27 τέκοιενnsubjhighSubstantivized superlative, coordinated with ἡ πρεσβυτάτη.
34καὶκαίCCONJC--------_36 πρεσβυτάτηcchigh
35DETL-NSF---Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art36 πρεσβυτάτηdethigh
36πρεσβυτάτηπρέσβυςADJA-NSFSUPCase=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing33 νεωτάτηconjhighSubstantivized superlative; subject of τέκοιεν.
37..PUNCT__3 ἤκουσαpuncthigh
Sentence 2

9.27.7 sentence 2

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ἐκεῖνο δὲ οὐκ ἔστιν ὅπως ἡγήσομαι πιστόν, Ἡρακλέα ἐπὶ τοσοῦτο ὀργῆς ἀνδρὸς φίλου θυγατρὶ ἀφικέσθαι·

The infinitive clause Ἡρακλέα ... ἀφικέσθαι is the accusative complement of ἡγήσομαι πιστόν; ὅπως introduces the content/question framed by οὐκ ἔστιν. The phrase ἐπὶ τοσοῦτο ὀργῆς is interpreted as extent ('to such a degree of anger'), while ἀνδρὸς φίλου θυγατρί is a dative/possessive relation ('to the daughter of a dear man'); some attachment details are uncertain.

punct ccomp nsubj obl nsubj cc ccomp punct nmod advmod mark xcomp case nmod amod obl root 1 ἐκεῖνο ἐκεῖνος / PRON 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 οὐκ οὐ / PART 4 ἔστιν εἰμί / VERB 5 ὅπως ὅπως / SCONJ 6 ἡγήσομαι ἡγέομαι / VERB 7 πιστόν πιστός / ADJ 8 , , / PUNCT 9 Ἡρακλέα Ἡρακλῆς / PROPN 10 ἐπὶ ἐπί / ADP 11 τοσοῦτο τοσοῦτος / DET 12 ὀργῆς ὀργή / NOUN 13 ἀνδρὸς ἀνήρ / NOUN 14 φίλου φίλος / ADJ 15 θυγατρὶ θυγάτηρ / NOUN 16 ἀφικέσθαι ἀφικνέομαι / VERB 17 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἐκεῖνοἐκεῖνοςPRONA-NNSNACase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem4 ἔστινnsubjhighNeuter demonstrative subject of ἔστιν.
2δὲδέCCONJGCONJ_4 ἔστινcchighPostpositive connective.
3οὐκοὐPARTG-----Polarity=Neg4 ἔστινadvmodhighNegates ἔστιν.
4ἔστινεἰμίVERBV3SPAIMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain predicate.
5ὅπωςὅπωςSCONJC-----_6 ἡγήσομαιmarkmediumIntroduces the content clause with ἡγήσομαι; can also bear modal/interrogative force.
6ἡγήσομαιἡγέομαιVERBV1SFMIMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid4 ἔστινccompmediumFuture middle, 'I shall consider/judge'; content of ἔστιν.
7πιστόνπιστόςADJA-AMSNACase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing6 ἡγήσομαιxcomphighPredicate accusative with ἡγήσομαι, agreeing with the accusative infinitive subject.
8,,PUNCT__6 ἡγήσομαιpuncthigh
9ἩρακλέαἩρακλῆςPROPNNe-ASMACase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Proper=Yes16 ἀφικέσθαιnsubjhighAccusative subject of the infinitive.
10ἐπὶἐπίADPR-AdpType=Prep11 τοσοῦτοcasehighPreposition governing τοσοῦτο.
11τοσοῦτοτοσοῦτοςDETA-ANSNACase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem16 ἀφικέσθαιoblmediumAccusative extent phrase with ἐπί.
12ὀργῆςὀργήNOUNN-SG---Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing11 τοσοῦτοnmodlowGenitive dependent on τοσοῦτο, interpreted as degree/extent ('so much anger'); attachment is uncertain.
13ἀνδρὸςἀνήρNOUNN-GSMS---Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing15 θυγατρὶnmodmediumGenitive dependent on θυγατρί, 'of a man'.
14φίλουφίλοςADJA-GSMS---Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing13 ἀνδρὸςamodhighAdjectival modifier of ἀνδρός, 'dear/friendly'.
15θυγατρὶθυγάτηρNOUNN-SD---Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing16 ἀφικέσθαιoblhighDative complement with ἀφικέσθαι, recipient/goal.
16ἀφικέσθαιἀφικνέομαιVERBV--MNM---Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid6 ἡγήσομαιccomphighAorist middle infinitive, coordinated/content complement under ἡγήσομαι; its accusative subject is Ἡρακλέα.
17··PUNCT__4 ἔστινpuncthigh
Sentence 3

9.27.7 sentence 3

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πρὸς δὲ καὶ ἡνίκα ἔτι ἦν μετʼ ἀνθρώπων, τιμωρούμενός τε ἄλλους ὑβρίζοντας καὶ μάλιστα ὅσοι θεῶν ἀσεβεῖς ἦσαν, οὐκ ἂν αὐτός γε κατεστήσατο αὑτῷ ναόν τε καὶ ἱέρειαν ὥσπερ δὴ θεός.

The construction is a counterfactual conclusion: οὐκ ἂν κατεστήσατο governs αὑτῷ ναόν τε καὶ ἱέρειαν; the participial phrase τιμωρούμενός ... is concessive/temporal background, and ὅσοι ... ἦσαν is a relative clause under ἄλλους (with θεῶν as dependent genitive).

advcl advcl punct advcl acl:relcl case punct obj cc cc advmod cc advmod nsubj aux mark obl obj nsubj obj mark advmod case punct cc acl nmod xcomp advmod iobj cc cc advmod root 1 πρὸς πρός / ADP 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 καὶ καί / CCONJ 4 ἡνίκα ἡνίκα / SCONJ 5 ἔτι ἔτι / ADV 6 ἦν εἰμί / AUX 7 μετʼ μετά / ADP 8 ἀνθρώπων ἄνθρωπος / NOUN 9 , , / PUNCT 10 τιμωρούμενός τιμωρέω / VERB 11 τε τε / CCONJ 12 ἄλλους ἄλλος / PRON 13 ὑβρίζοντας ὑβρίζω / VERB 14 καὶ καί / CCONJ 15 μάλιστα μάλιστα / ADV 16 ὅσοι ὅσος / PRON 17 θεῶν θεός / NOUN 18 ἀσεβεῖς ἀσεβής / ADJ 19 ἦσαν εἰμί / AUX 20 , , / PUNCT 21 οὐκ οὐ / PART 22 ἂν ἄν / PART 23 αὐτός αὐτός / PRON 24 γε γε / PART 25 κατεστήσατο καθίστημι / VERB 26 αὑτῷ ἑαυτοῦ / PRON 27 ναόν ναός / NOUN 28 τε τε / CCONJ 29 καὶ καί / CCONJ 30 ἱέρειαν ἱέρεια / NOUN 31 ὥσπερ ὥσπερ / SCONJ 32 δὴ δή / PART 33 θεός θεός / NOUN 34 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1πρὸςπρόςADPPAdpType=Prep6 ἦνcasehigh
2δὲδέCCONJC_6 ἦνcchigh
3καὶκαίCCONJC_6 ἦνcchigh
4ἡνίκαἡνίκαSCONJAdvPronType=Rel6 ἦνmarkhighTemporal subordinator.
5ἔτιἔτιADVD_6 ἦνadvmodhigh
6ἦνεἰμίAUXV-3次SIAMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act25 κατεστήσατοadvclhighFinite verb of the ἡνίκα clause.
7μετʼμετάADPPAdpType=Prep8 ἀνθρώπωνcasehigh
8ἀνθρώπωνἄνθρωποςNOUNN-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur6 ἦνoblhigh
9,,PUNCT__10 τιμωρούμενόςpuncthigh
10τιμωρούμενόςτιμωρέωVERBV-PMPNSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid25 κατεστήσατοadvclmediumParticipial background clause; exact concessive/temporal force is context-dependent.
11τετεCCONJC_10 τιμωρούμενόςcchigh
12ἄλλουςἄλλοςPRONA-APMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Ind10 τιμωρούμενόςobjhighSubstantivized adjective.
13ὑβρίζονταςὑβρίζωVERBV-PAPAPMCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act12 ἄλλουςaclhighParticiple modifying ἄλλους.
14καὶκαίCCONJC_18 ἀσεβεῖςcchigh
15μάλισταμάλισταADVDDegree=Sup18 ἀσεβεῖςadvmodhigh
16ὅσοιὅσοςPRONA-NPMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel19 ἦσανnsubjhighRelative pronoun, substantive.
17θεῶνθεόςNOUNN-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur18 ἀσεβεῖςnmodmediumGenitive of respect/reference with ἀσεβεῖς.
18ἀσεβεῖςἀσεβήςADJA-NPMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur19 ἦσανxcompmediumPredicate adjective with ἦσαν; linked semantically to ὅσοι.
19ἦσανεἰμίAUXV-3PIAMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act13 ὑβρίζονταςacl:relclhighRelative-clause predicate; the relative clause specifies the especially punished others.
20,,PUNCT__25 κατεστήσατοpuncthigh
21οὐκοὐPARTDPolarity=Neg25 κατεστήσατοadvmodhigh
22ἂνἄνPARTX_25 κατεστήσατοauxhighModal particle marking potential contrary-to-fact.
23αὐτόςαὐτόςPRONA-NMSCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Int25 κατεστήσατοnsubjhighIntensive pronoun, nominative subject.
24γεγεPARTX_23 αὐτόςadvmodhighEmphatic particle.
25κατεστήσατοκαθίστημιVERBV-AMI3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Mid0 ROOTroothighAorist middle, potential counterfactual apodosis with ἄν.
26αὑτῷἑαυτοῦPRONA-DMSCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rcp25 κατεστήσατοiobjhighReflexive dative of beneficiary.
27ναόνναόςNOUNN-AMSCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing25 κατεστήσατοobjhigh
28τετεCCONJC_27 ναόνcchigh
29καὶκαίCCONJC_30 ἱέρειανcchigh
30ἱέρειανἱέρειαNOUNN-AFSCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing25 κατεστήσατοobjhighCoordinated accusative object with ναόν.
31ὥσπερὥσπερSCONJD_33 θεόςmarkhighComparative subordinator.
32δὴδήPARTX_33 θεόςadvmodhighEmphatic particle.
33θεόςθεόςNOUNN-NMSCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing25 κατεστήσατοadvclmediumElliptical comparative clause: ‘as if indeed [he were] a god’; copula is omitted.
34..PUNCT__25 κατεστήσατοpuncthigh
← 9.27.69.27.8 →