Grammar parses for passage 9.31.5
Open translation for this passage
ἐγγέγραπται δὲ αὐτῷ τὰ Ἔργα.
The perfect passive ἐγγέγραπται is impersonal/passive in sense ‘is inscribed’; αὐτῷ is a dative of interest/reference, and τὰ Ἔργα is the neuter plural subject or content of inscription. The article and noun are treated as a title.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐγγέγραπται | ἐγγράφω | VERB | V-RAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect passive indicative, third singular; ‘is inscribed/has been written in.’ |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C------- | _ | 1 ἐγγέγραπται | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 3 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 1 ἐγγέγραπται | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/interest; may be construed with the inscriptional verb. |
| 4 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-----NAP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 Ἔργα | det | high | Neuter plural article agreeing with Ἔργα; nominative assumed for the subject/title. |
| 5 | Ἔργα | ἔργον | NOUN | N-----NAP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 ἐγγέγραπται | nsubj:pass | medium | Neuter plural title ‘Works’; nominative subject is inferred from syntax, though title formatting may obscure case. |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐγγέγραπται | punct | high |
ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἑτέρα κεχωρισμένη τῆς προτέρας, ὡς πολύν τινα ἐπῶν ὁ Ἡσίοδος ἀριθμὸν ποιήσειεν, ἐς γυναῖκάς τε ᾀδόμενα καὶ ἃς μεγάλας ἐπονομάζουσιν Ἠοίας, καὶ Θεογονίαν τε καὶ ἐς τὸν μάντιν Μελάμποδα, καὶ ὡς Θησεὺς ἐς τὸν Ἅιδην ὁμοῦ Πειρίθῳ καταβαίη παραινέσεις τε Χίρωνος ἐπὶ διδασκαλίᾳ δὴ τῇ Ἀχιλλέως, καὶ ὅσα ἐπὶ Ἔργοις τε καὶ Ἡμέραις.
Main clause ἔστι ... ἑτέρα κεχωρισμένη; ὡς introduces an indirect/subject-oriented account of works attributed to Hesiod. Several coordinated elliptical objects after ἐπῶν and παραινέσεις are retained; ᾀδόμενα agrees with γυναῖκας, while ἐπονομάζουσιν has a relative-clause object ἃς referring to Ἠοίας.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 ἑτέρα | cop | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ἑτέρα | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ἑτέρα | cc | high | |
| 4 | ἑτέρα | ἕτερος | ADJ | A-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Predicate nominal/adjectival subject of ἔστι. |
| 5 | κεχωρισμένη | χωρίζω | VERB | V-RMP-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 4 ἑτέρα | acl | high | |
| 6 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 προτέρας | det | high | |
| 7 | προτέρας | πρότερος | ADJ | A-GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 κεχωρισμένη | obl | high | Genitive of separation. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἑτέρα | punct | high | |
| 9 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ποιήσειεν | mark | medium | Introduces explanatory/content clause. |
| 10 | πολύν | πολύς | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἀριθμὸν | amod | high | |
| 11 | τινα | τις | DET | X-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἐπῶν | det | high | Indefinite article/pronominal modifier. |
| 12 | ἐπῶν | ἔπος | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 ἀριθμὸν | nmod | high | Partitive/specifying genitive with ἀριθμόν. |
| 13 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Ἡσίοδος | det | high | |
| 14 | Ἡσίοδος | Ἡσίοδος | PROPN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ποιήσειεν | nsubj | high | |
| 15 | ἀριθμὸν | ἀριθμός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ποιήσειεν | obj | high | Object of ποιήσειεν. |
| 16 | ποιήσειεν | ποιέω | VERB | V-AAM-3S | Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 4 ἑτέρα | advcl | medium | Aorist optative-like form can be read as aorist subjunctive or optative depending on textual analysis; treated as subordinate finite verb. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ποιήσειεν | punct | high | |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 19 γυναῖκάς | case | high | |
| 19 | γυναῖκάς | γυνή | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 ᾀδόμενα | obl | high | Prepositional complement of implied/elliptical title or subject matter. |
| 20 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 γυναῖκάς | cc | high | |
| 21 | ᾀδόμενα | ἀείδω | VERB | V-PPP-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 16 ποιήσειεν | conj | medium | Form is neuter plural accusative, likely agreeing with omitted βιβλία/ποιήματα rather than γυναῖκας; syntax is elliptical. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 25 ἐπονομάζουσιν | cc | high | |
| 23 | ἃς | ὅς | PRON | P-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 25 ἐπονομάζουσιν | obj | high | Relative pronoun, antecedent Ἠοίας. |
| 24 | μεγάλας | μέγας | ADJ | A-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 23 ἃς | amod | high | |
| 25 | ἐπονομάζουσιν | ἐπονομάζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 21 ᾀδόμενα | conj | high | |
| 26 | Ἠοίας | Ἠοία | PROPN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 25 ἐπονομάζουσιν | obj | high | Name/title of the works. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἐπονομάζουσιν | punct | high | |
| 28 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 29 Θεογονίαν | cc | high | |
| 29 | Θεογονίαν | Θεογονία | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ποιήσειεν | conj | medium | Title used as an accusative coordinated item. |
| 30 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 29 Θεογονίαν | cc | high | |
| 31 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 32 ἐς | cc | high | |
| 32 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 34 μάντιν | case | high | |
| 33 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 μάντιν | det | high | |
| 34 | μάντιν | μάντις | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 Θεογονίαν | nmod | medium | Accusative phrase likely names another work concerning Melampus; attachment to coordinated title is elliptical. |
| 35 | Μελάμποδα | Μελάμπους | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 μάντιν | appos | high | |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 Θεογονίαν | punct | high | |
| 37 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 45 καταβαίη | cc | high | |
| 38 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 45 καταβαίη | mark | high | Introduces content clause. |
| 39 | Θησεὺς | Θησεύς | PROPN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 45 καταβαίη | nsubj | high | |
| 40 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 42 Ἅιδην | case | high | |
| 41 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 42 Ἅιδην | det | high | |
| 42 | Ἅιδην | Ἅιδης | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 45 καταβαίη | obl | high | |
| 43 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | ADV | _ | 45 καταβαίη | advmod | high | |
| 44 | Πειρίθῳ | Πειρίθους | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 45 καταβαίη | obl | high | Comitative dative with ὁμοῦ. |
| 45 | καταβαίη | καταβαίνω | VERB | V-2AOM-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 16 ποιήσειεν | conj | high | Finite verb in the ὡς-content clause. |
| 46 | παραινέσεις | παραίνεσις | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 ποιήσειεν | conj | medium | Another coordinated accusative title/item; syntactically elliptical. |
| 47 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 46 παραινέσεις | cc | high | |
| 48 | Χίρωνος | Χείρων | PROPN | N-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 46 παραινέσεις | nmod | high | |
| 49 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 50 διδασκαλίᾳ | case | high | |
| 50 | διδασκαλίᾳ | διδασκαλία | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 46 παραινέσεις | obl | high | Purpose/function with ἐπί and dative. |
| 51 | δὴ | δή | PART | PART | _ | 50 διδασκαλίᾳ | discourse | high | |
| 52 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 53 Ἀχιλλέως | det | high | |
| 53 | Ἀχιλλέως | Ἀχιλλεύς | PROPN | N-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 50 διδασκαλίᾳ | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on διδασκαλίᾳ; τῇ is anomalously feminine for the expected masculine/genitive phrase and may reflect textual/syntactic difficulty. |
| 54 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 46 παραινέσεις | punct | high | |
| 55 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 56 ὅσα | cc | high | |
| 56 | ὅσα | ὅσος | PRON | P-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 16 ποιήσειεν | conj | medium | Substantival relative/quantificational accusative, coordinated as another item. |
| 57 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 58 Ἔργοις | case | high | |
| 58 | Ἔργοις | Ἔργα | PROPN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 56 ὅσα | obl | high | Title in dative with ἐπί. |
| 59 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 58 Ἔργοις | cc | high | |
| 60 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 61 Ἡμέραις | cc | high | |
| 61 | Ἡμέραις | Ἡμέραι | PROPN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 58 Ἔργοις | conj | high | Coordinated title. |
| 62 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἑτέρα | punct | high |
οἱ δὲ αὐτοὶ οὗτοι λέγουσι καὶ ὡς μαντικὴν Ἡσίοδος διδαχθείη παρὰ Ἀκαρνάνων·
The ὡς-clause is reported content dependent on λέγουσι; μαντικήν is analyzed as a predicative accusative with passive ‘be taught’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | X---NM-P- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 αὐτοὶ | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G--------- | _ | 5 λέγουσι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτοὶ | αὐτός | ADJ | A--PNM-P- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 οὗτοι | amod | medium | Intensive adjective/pronominal modifier, ‘the same’. |
| 4 | οὗτοι | οὗτος | PRON | D---NM-P- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 λέγουσι | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 7 ὡς | cc | medium | Coordinates the following ὡς-clause with the preceding content. |
| 7 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C--------- | _ | 10 διδαχθείη | mark | high | Introduces the reported content clause. |
| 8 | μαντικὴν | μαντικός | ADJ | A---ASF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 διδαχθείη | xcomp | medium | Predicative accusative adjective with διδαχθείη; understood object/predicate ‘in divination’. |
| 9 | Ἡσίοδος | Ἡσίοδος | PROPN | N---NM-S- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 διδαχθείη | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 10 | διδαχθείη | διδάσκω | VERB | V-APP-3S- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 5 λέγουσι | ccomp | high | Aorist passive optative in reported discourse. |
| 11 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R--------- | _ | 12 Ἀκαρνάνων | case | high | With genitive, ‘from/by’. |
| 12 | Ἀκαρνάνων | Ἀκαρνάν | PROPN | N---GM-P- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 διδαχθείη | obl:agent | medium | Genitive agent/source with passive διδαχθείη. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 λέγουσι | punct | high |
καὶ ἔστιν ἔπη Μαντικά, ὁπόσα τε ἐπελεξάμεθα καὶ ἡμεῖς, καὶ ἐξηγήσεις ἐπὶ τέρασιν.
The sentence has an existential/copular construction: ἔστιν governs the subject ἔπη, with Μαντικά as a predicate adjective; ὁπόσα...ἐπελεξάμεθα is a relative clause referring to ἔπη, and ἐξηγήσεις is coordinated with ἔπη. The exact force of ἐπὶ τέρασιν is somewhat context-dependent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 2 ἔστιν | cc | high | |
| 2 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular use. |
| 3 | ἔπη | ἔπος | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 2 ἔστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | Μαντικά | μαντικός | ADJ | A--APN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 ἔπη | amod | high | Adjectival modifier/predicative characterization of ἔπη. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἔστιν | punct | high | |
| 6 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | PRON | P--NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ἐπελεξάμεθα | obj | medium | Relative/quantitative pronoun, functioning as object of ἐπελεξάμεθα and referring back to ἔπη. |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἐπελεξάμεθα | cc | medium | Enclitic connective within the relative clause. |
| 8 | ἐπελεξάμεθα | ἐπιλέγομαι | VERB | V-AMI-1P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 3 ἔπη | acl:relcl | high | Relative-clause predicate; middle voice means 'we selected/read out' depending on context. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἡμεῖς | cc | high | |
| 10 | ἡμεῖς | ἐγώ | PRON | P--NP1 | Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1 | 8 ἐπελεξάμεθα | nsubj | high | Explicit subject of ἐπελεξάμεθα. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐπελεξάμεθα | punct | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 ἐξηγήσεις | cc | high | Coordinates ἐξηγήσεις with the preceding nominal material. |
| 13 | ἐξηγήσεις | ἐξήγησις | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 2 ἔστιν | conj | high | Coordinated nominal with ἔπη in the existential construction. |
| 14 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 15 τέρασιν | case | high | |
| 15 | τέρασιν | τέρας | NOUN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἐξηγήσεις | obl | medium | Dative complement of ἐπί; semantic relation may be 'concerning/in connection with' portents. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἔστιν | punct | high |