Grammar parses for passage 9.31.8
Open translation for this passage
ἔχει δὲ καὶ ἕτερος ἐς αὐτὸν λόγος, ἧσσον μὲν τοῦ προτέρου γνώριμος, λεγόμενος δὲ καὶ οὗτος, ἀδελφὴν γενέσθαι Ναρκίσσῳ δίδυμον, τά τε ἄλλα ἐς ἅπαν ὅμοιον τὸ εἶδος καὶ ἀμφοτέροις ὡσαύτως κόμην εἶναι καὶ ἐσθῆτα ἐοικυῖαν αὐτοὺς ἐνδύεσθαι
The syntax is heavily participial/infinitival, with several coordinated infinitives dependent on λεγόμενος; the phrase τά τε ἄλλα ἐς ἅπαν ὅμοιον τὸ εἶδος is somewhat compressed and partly uncertain in attachment.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G---- | _ | 1 ἔχει | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 4 ἕτερος | cc | medium | Links ἕτερος with an additive sense. |
| 4 | ἕτερος | ἕτερος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 λόγος | amod | high | Modifier of λόγος. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R---- | _ | 7 λόγος | case | high | Preposition governing αὐτόν. |
| 6 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 7 λόγος | nmod | high | Object of the preposition. |
| 7 | λόγος | λόγος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἔχει | obj | medium | Accusative vs nominative is contextually ambiguous; treated as object/complement of ἔχει. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔχει | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | ἧσσον | ἧσσον | ADV | D---- | _ | 13 γνώριμος | advmod | high | Degree adverb modifying γνώριμος. |
| 10 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G---- | _ | 13 γνώριμος | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 11 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 προτέρου | det | high | Article with προτέρου. |
| 12 | προτέρου | πρότερος | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 γνώριμος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of γνώριμος. |
| 13 | γνώριμος | γνώριμος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἔχει | xcomp | medium | Predicative/participial adjunct with λεγόμενος clause; syntactic attachment somewhat loose. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 γνώριμος | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 15 | λεγόμενος | λέγω | VERB | V-PPM-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 1 ἔχει | advcl | high | Participial clause modifying the main predication. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G---- | _ | 15 λεγόμενος | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 18 οὗτος | cc | high | Connects οὗτος. |
| 18 | οὗτος | οὗτος | DET | PD-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 15 λεγόμενος | nsubj | high | Subject of λεγόμενος. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 λεγόμενος | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 20 | ἀδελφὴν | ἀδελφή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 γενέσθαι | obj | high | Infinitival object/complement of γενέσθαι. |
| 21 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-ANM | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 15 λεγόμενος | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive under λεγόμενος. |
| 22 | Ναρκίσσῳ | Νάρκισσος | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 γενέσθαι | iobj | high | Dative with γενέσθαι, indicating relation/person involved. |
| 23 | δίδυμον | δίδυμος | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἀδελφὴν | amod | high | Agrees with ἀδελφήν. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 γενέσθαι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 25 | τά | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 27 ἄλλα | det | high | Article with ἄλλα. |
| 26 | τε | τε | PART | G---- | _ | 25 τά | cc | medium | Enclitic connective. |
| 27 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 37 εἶναι | obj | medium | Part of the coordinated infinitival predication; function somewhat compressed. |
| 28 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R---- | _ | 30 ὅμοιον | case | high | Preposition governing ἅπαν. |
| 29 | ἅπαν | ἅπας | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 32 εἶδος | amod | medium | Likely adverbial/intensifying use before εἶδος; analyzed as modifying the noun. |
| 30 | ὅμοιον | ὅμοιος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 32 εἶδος | amod | medium | Predicative adjective with εἶδος or adverbial accusative-like use; uncertain. |
| 31 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 32 εἶδος | det | high | Article with εἶδος. |
| 32 | εἶδος | εἶδος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 37 εἶναι | obj | medium | Object/complement associated with the infinitival clause. |
| 33 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 37 εἶναι | cc | high | Connects coordinated infinitival clause elements. |
| 34 | ἀμφοτέροις | ἀμφότερος | ADJ | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 37 εἶναι | obl | medium | Likely dative of respect/association with ὡσαύτως κόμην εἶναι. |
| 35 | ὡσαύτως | ὡσαύτως | ADV | D---- | _ | 37 εἶναι | advmod | high | Adverb modifying εἶναι. |
| 36 | κόμην | κόμη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 37 εἶναι | obj | high | Object/complement of εἶναι in the infinitival clause. |
| 37 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 15 λεγόμενος | conj | high | Second coordinated infinitival complement within the λεγόμενος construction. |
| 38 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 37 εἶναι | cc | high | Connects final coordinated infinitive. |
| 39 | ἐσθῆτα | ἐσθής | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 42 ἐνδύεσθαι | obj | high | Object of ἐνδύεσθαι. |
| 40 | ἐοικυῖαν | ἔοικα | VERB | V-PRP-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 39 ἐσθῆτα | amod | high | Participial modifier of ἐσθῆτα. |
| 41 | αὐτοὺς | αὐτός | PRON | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 42 ἐνδύεσθαι | nsubj | high | Subject of infinitive ἐνδύεσθαι. |
| 42 | ἐνδύεσθαι | ἐνδύω | VERB | V-PNM | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 15 λεγόμενος | conj | high | Final coordinated infinitival complement. |
καὶ δὴ καὶ ἐπὶ θήραν ἰέναι μετὰ ἀλλήλων·
The phrase ἐπὶ θήραν ἰέναι is a purposive infinitival construction; attachment of ἐπὶ is somewhat uncertain, but the infinitive is the clause head.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 ἰέναι | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 2 | δὴ | δή | PART | _ | _ | 6 ἰέναι | advmod | medium | Discourse/emphatic particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | ADV | _ | _ | 4 ἐπὶ | advmod | medium | Correlative/additive adverb modifying ἐπὶ. |
| 4 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 6 ἰέναι | mark | low | Likely governs θήραν as purposive preposition with infinitive construction; analyzed as adposition linked to the infinitival clause. |
| 5 | θήραν | θήρα | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἰέναι | obj | high | Accusative object/complement of ἐπὶ in purposive expression. |
| 6 | ἰέναι | εἶμι | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Infinitival root of the clause. |
| 7 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | _ | _ | 6 ἰέναι | case | high | Preposition governing ἀλλήλων. |
| 8 | ἀλλήλων | ἀλλήλων | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|PronType=Rcp | 6 ἰέναι | obl | high | Genitive reciprocal pronoun governed by μετά. |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἰέναι | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
Νάρκισσον δὲ ἐρασθῆναι τῆς ἀδελφῆς, καὶ ὡς ἀπέθανεν ἡ παῖς, φοιτῶντα ἐπὶ τὴν πηγὴν συνιέναι μὲν ὅτι τὴν ἑαυτοῦ σκιὰν ἑώρα,
The syntax is a chain of reported infinitives with an intervening temporal clause (ὡς ἀπέθανεν ἡ παῖς) and a further content clause introduced by ὅτι; the main difficulty is assigning the coordination/attachment of the infinitival clauses.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Νάρκισσον | Νάρκισσος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐρασθῆναι | obj | high | Subject of the infinitival clause in accusative (accusative + infinitive construction). |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 3 ἐρασθῆναι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἐρασθῆναι | ἐράω | VERB | AOR_PASS_INF | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main infinitive of the reported statement. |
| 4 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ἀδελφῆς | det | high | Article modifying ἀδελφῆς. |
| 5 | ἀδελφῆς | ἀδελφή | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἐρασθῆναι | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἐρασθῆναι. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐρασθῆναι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 17 συνιέναι | cc | medium | Coordinates the following infinitival clause with the previous material. |
| 8 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 9 ἀπέθανεν | mark | high | Introduces the temporal clause. |
| 9 | ἀπέθανεν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | AOR_ACT_IND_3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 17 συνιέναι | advcl | high | Finite verb of the temporal clause. |
| 10 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 παῖς | det | high | Article modifying παῖς. |
| 11 | παῖς | παῖς | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἀπέθανεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀπέθανεν. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἀπέθανεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 13 | φοιτῶντα | φοιτάω | VERB | PRES_ACT_PTCP_ACC_SG_MASC | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 17 συνιέναι | advcl | high | Participial circumstance/predicate with accusative subject Νάρκισσον. |
| 14 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 16 πηγὴν | case | high | Preposition governing πηγὴν. |
| 15 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 πηγὴν | det | high | Article modifying πηγὴν. |
| 16 | πηγὴν | πηγή | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 φοιτῶντα | obl | high | Oblique complement of φοιτῶντα. |
| 17 | συνιέναι | συνίημι | VERB | PRES_ACT_INF | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 3 ἐρασθῆναι | conj | high | Second coordinated infinitive dependent on the main ἐρασθῆναι. |
| 18 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 17 συνιέναι | discourse | medium | Correlative particle. |
| 19 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | _ | _ | 23 ἑώρα | mark | high | Introduces the content clause. |
| 20 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 σκιὰν | det | high | Article modifying σκιὰν. |
| 21 | ἑαυτοῦ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 22 σκιὰν | det | high | Reflexive possessive modifying σκιὰν. |
| 22 | σκιὰν | σκιά | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 ἑώρα | obj | high | Object of ἑώρα. |
| 23 | ἑώρα | ὁράω | VERB | PRES_ACT_IND_3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 17 συνιέναι | ccomp | high | Finite complement clause of συνιέναι. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 συνιέναι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
εἶναι δέ οἱ καὶ συνιέντι ῥᾳστώνην τοῦ ἔρωτος ἅτε οὐχ ἑαυτοῦ σκιὰν δοξάζοντι ἀλλὰ εἰκόνα ὁρᾶν τῆς ἀδελφῆς.
Syntax is participial and somewhat compressed: εἶναι governs dative participles (συνιέντι, δοξάζοντι), with ὁρᾶν as an infinitival complement to δοξάζοντι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAINF | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Infinitive used predicatively/with implicit subject. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 1 εἶναι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | P-P3--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 1 εἶναι | iobj | medium | Likely dative of possession/ethical interest with εἶναι; morphology may reflect enclitic dative pronoun. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 συνιέντι | cc | high | Connects the participle to preceding material. |
| 5 | συνιέντι | συνίημι | VERB | V-PAP-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 εἶναι | advcl | medium | Dative participle agreeing with οἱ; attached adverbially to εἶναι. |
| 6 | ῥᾳστώνην | ῥᾳστώνη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 δοξάζοντι | obj | medium | Object of the participle δοξάζοντι. |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-SG-NM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 ἔρωτος | det | high | Article modifying ἔρωτος. |
| 8 | ἔρωτος | ἔρως | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ῥᾳστώνην | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ῥᾳστώνην. |
| 9 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 δοξάζοντι | mark | high | Causal/comparative marker introducing participial clause. |
| 10 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | PRT-N | Polarity=Neg | 13 δοξάζοντι | advmod | high | Negates δοξάζοντι. |
| 11 | ἑαυτοῦ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-3GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Reflex=Yes | 12 σκιὰν | det | high | Reflexive genitive modifying σκιάν. |
| 12 | σκιὰν | σκιά | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 δοξάζοντι | obj | high | Object of δοξάζοντι. |
| 13 | δοξάζοντι | δοξάζω | VERB | V-PAP-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 συνιέντι | advcl | medium | Dative participle coordinated/subordinate to συνιέντι. |
| 14 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ὁρᾶν | cc | high | Correlative conjunction with οὐχ. |
| 15 | εἰκόνα | εἰκών | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ὁρᾶν | obj | high | Object of ὁρᾶν. |
| 16 | ὁρᾶν | ὁράω | VERB | V-PAINF | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 13 δοξάζοντι | xcomp | high | Complement of δοξάζοντι. |
| 17 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA-SG-FE | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 ἀδελφῆς | det | high | Article modifying ἀδελφῆς. |
| 18 | ἀδελφῆς | ἀδελφή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 εἰκόνα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of εἰκόνα. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 εἶναι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |