Grammar parses for passage 9.31.8
Open translation for this passage
ἔχει δὲ καὶ ἕτερος ἐς αὐτὸν λόγος, ἧσσον μὲν τοῦ προτέρου γνώριμος, λεγόμενος δὲ καὶ οὗτος, ἀδελφὴν γενέσθαι Ναρκίσσῳ δίδυμον, τά τε ἄλλα ἐς ἅπαν ὅμοιον τὸ εἶδος καὶ ἀμφοτέροις ὡσαύτως κόμην εἶναι καὶ ἐσθῆτα ἐοικυῖαν αὐτοὺς ἐνδύεσθαι
The sentence has an impersonal ἔχει with λόγος as subject; the following participial phrase and infinitival clauses characterize the alternative account. The coordinated infinitives γενέσθαι, εἶναι, and ἐνδύεσθαι depend on λόγος understood as reported content, with Ναρκίσσῳ dative of reference/association and δίδυμον predicative to the sister. The final αὐτούς is the accusative subject of ἐνδύεσθαι; ἐοικυῖαν modifies ἐσθῆτα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 λόγος | acl | medium | Impersonal/existential use: ‘there is/has’. The subject is λόγος. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔχει | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 4 ἕτερος | advmod | high | Additive modifier of ἕτερος. |
| 4 | ἕτερος | ἕτερος | ADJ | A-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 λόγος | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of λόγος. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 αὐτὸν | case | high | |
| 6 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 7 λόγος | obl | high | Object of ἐς; refers to the person under discussion. |
| 7 | λόγος | λόγος | NOUN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Syntactic subject of existential ἔχει. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 λόγος | punct | high | |
| 9 | ἧσσον | ἧσσον | ADV | ADV-CMP | Degree=Cmp | 13 γνώριμος | advmod | high | Comparative adverb modifying γνώριμος. |
| 10 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 13 γνώριμος | discourse | high | |
| 11 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 προτέρου | det | high | |
| 12 | προτέρου | πρότερος | ADJ | A-GMS | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἧσσον | obl | high | Genitive of comparison with ἧσσον. |
| 13 | γνώριμος | γνώριμος | ADJ | A-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 λεγόμενος | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective in the participial description; understood of the λόγος. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 λεγόμενος | punct | high | |
| 15 | λεγόμενος | λέγω | VERB | V-PMP-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 7 λόγος | acl | high | Participial modifier of λόγος: ‘being reported/told’. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 λεγόμενος | cc | high | |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 18 οὗτος | advmod | high | Additive modifier of οὗτος. |
| 18 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | D-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 15 λεγόμενος | nsubj:pass | medium | Refers anaphorically to this account/report; construed as nominative with λεγόμενος. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 λεγόμενος | punct | high | |
| 20 | ἀδελφὴν | ἀδελφή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 γενέσθαι | xcomp | high | Predicative accusative with γενέσθαι. |
| 21 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2ADN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 15 λεγόμενος | xcomp | high | Infinitive of reported content, coordinated with later εἶναι and ἐνδύεσθαι. |
| 22 | Ναρκίσσῳ | Νάρκισσος | PROPN | N-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἀδελφὴν | nmod | medium | Dative of relation: sister to Narcissus. |
| 23 | δίδυμον | δίδυμος | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἀδελφὴν | amod | high | Predicative/qualifying accusative agreeing with ἀδελφήν. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 γενέσθαι | punct | high | |
| 25 | τά | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 27 ἄλλα | det | high | Article in the substantival phrase τά ... ἄλλα. |
| 26 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 27 ἄλλα | cc | high | Correlative coordination. |
| 27 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 30 ὅμοιον | obl | high | ‘In all other respects’; accusative adverbial extent. |
| 28 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 29 ἅπαν | case | high | |
| 29 | ἅπαν | ἅπας | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 30 ὅμοιον | obl | high | Accusative extent with ἐς: ‘entirely/in every respect’. |
| 30 | ὅμοιον | ὅμοιος | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 37 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicative adjective with εἶναι; subject is τὸ εἶδος. |
| 31 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 32 εἶδος | det | high | |
| 32 | εἶδος | εἶδος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 37 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Subject of εἶναι. |
| 33 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 37 εἶναι | cc | high | Coordinates εἶναι with the preceding infinitival predicate. |
| 34 | ἀμφοτέροις | ἀμφότερος | PRON | P-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Dual|PronType=Tot | 36 κόμην | obl | high | Dative of possession/association with κόμην εἶναι. |
| 35 | ὡσαύτως | ὡσαύτως | ADV | ADV | _ | 37 εἶναι | advmod | high | Modifies εἶναι: ‘likewise’. |
| 36 | κόμην | κόμη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 37 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of infinitival εἶναι. |
| 37 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 21 γενέσθαι | conj | high | Coordinated infinitive, with κόμην as accusative subject. |
| 38 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 42 ἐνδύεσθαι | cc | high | Coordinates the final infinitive. |
| 39 | ἐσθῆτα | ἐσθής | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 40 ἐοικυῖαν | obj | high | Object of ἐνδύεσθαι. |
| 40 | ἐοικυῖαν | ἔοικα | VERB | V-RAP-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 39 ἐσθῆτα | acl | high | Perfect active participle agreeing with ἐσθῆτα: ‘resembling’. |
| 41 | αὐτοὺς | αὐτός | PRON | P-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 42 ἐνδύεσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of ἐνδύεσθαι; masculine plural refers to the twins. |
| 42 | ἐνδύεσθαι | ἐνδύω | VERB | V-PMN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 21 γενέσθαι | conj | high | Final coordinated infinitive of reported content. |
Νάρκισσον δὲ ἐρασθῆναι τῆς ἀδελφῆς, καὶ ὡς ἀπέθανεν ἡ παῖς, φοιτῶντα ἐπὶ τὴν πηγὴν συνιέναι μὲν ὅτι τὴν ἑαυτοῦ σκιὰν ἑώρα,
The sentence continues an accusative-and-infinitive construction: Νάρκισσον is the accusative subject of ἐρασθῆναι and the coordinated infinitive sequence; φοιτῶντα and συνιέναι are linked within the same reported construction. ὡς introduces a temporal subordinate clause. The exact attachment of φοιτῶντα is somewhat uncertain, but it most naturally modifies Νάρκισσον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Νάρκισσον | Νάρκισσος | PROPN | n-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐρασθῆναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive ἐρασθῆναι; also understood with subsequent infinitives. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 3 ἐρασθῆναι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐρασθῆναι | ἐράω | VERB | v--ana--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist passive infinitive, here with the deponent/intransitive sense ‘fall in love’; governs the genitive. |
| 4 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | l-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἀδελφῆς | det | high | |
| 5 | ἀδελφῆς | ἀδελφή | NOUN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἐρασθῆναι | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἐρασθῆναι. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐρασθῆναι | punct | high | |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 17 συνιέναι | cc | medium | Coordinates the subsequent infinitival material with the preceding infinitive. |
| 8 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | c-------- | _ | 9 ἀπέθανεν | mark | high | Temporal conjunction introducing the subordinate clause. |
| 9 | ἀπέθανεν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | v3saia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 13 φοιτῶντα | advcl | high | Aorist indicative in the temporal ὡς-clause. |
| 10 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | l-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 παῖς | det | high | |
| 11 | παῖς | παῖς | NOUN | n-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἀπέθανεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀπέθανεν. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἀπέθανεν | punct | high | |
| 13 | φοιτῶντα | φοιτάω | VERB | v-sppama- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 17 συνιέναι | advcl | medium | Accusative present participle, most naturally agreeing with Νάρκισσον and describing repeated visits. |
| 14 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | r-------- | _ | 16 πηγὴν | case | high | With accusative, expressing motion toward. |
| 15 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 πηγὴν | det | high | |
| 16 | πηγὴν | πηγή | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 φοιτῶντα | obl | high | Goal complement of φοιτῶντα with ἐπί. |
| 17 | συνιέναι | συνίημι | VERB | v--pna--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 ἐρασθῆναι | conj | high | Present infinitive coordinated with ἐρασθῆναι; takes the ὅτι-clause. |
| 18 | μὲν | μέν | PART | d-------- | _ | 17 συνιέναι | advmod | high | Correlative particle, with an implied or later δέ. |
| 19 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | c-------- | _ | 23 ἑώρα | mark | high | Introduces the content clause dependent on συνιέναι. |
| 20 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 σκιὰν | det | high | |
| 21 | ἑαυτοῦ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | p-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 22 σκιὰν | nmod:poss | high | Reflexive possessive genitive referring to Νάρκισσον. |
| 22 | σκιὰν | σκιά | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 ἑώρα | obj | high | Object of ἑώρα. |
| 23 | ἑώρα | ὁράω | VERB | v3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 19 ὅτι | ccomp | high | Imperfect indicative forming the content of the ὅτι-clause. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 συνιέναι | punct | high |
εἶναι δέ οἱ καὶ συνιέντι ῥᾳστώνην τοῦ ἔρωτος ἅτε οὐχ ἑαυτοῦ σκιὰν δοξάζοντι ἀλλὰ εἰκόνα ὁρᾶν τῆς ἀδελφῆς.
Infinitival continuation with εἶναι as root; δέ οἱ introduces the dative experiencer/possessor. συνιέντι and δοξάζοντι are coordinated dative participles modifying οἱ, with ἅτε marking the causal/explanatory participial phrase; ὁρᾶν is the complement of δοξάζοντι, coordinated by ἀλλά with the negated σκιὰν δοξάζειν interpretation. The exact attachment of ῥᾳστώνην is somewhat elliptical but it is the accusative predicate/subjective complement of εἶναι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PNA | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Infinitive serving as the clause's predicative root. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 1 εἶναι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οἱ | ἐγώ | PRON | P-3ASM | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 5 συνιέντι | iobj | medium | Dative pronoun, likely experiencer/possessor with εἶναι and participles; form is orthographically ambiguous with article. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 5 συνιέντι | cc | high | Coordinates the participial modifier with the preceding context. |
| 5 | συνιέντι | συνίημι | VERB | V-PAP-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 εἶναι | advcl | medium | Dative present participle agreeing with οἱ; syntactically circumstantial. |
| 6 | ῥᾳστώνην | ῥᾳστώνη | NOUN | N-AFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 εἶναι | xcomp | medium | Accusative predicative/complement noun with εἶναι; elliptical construction. |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 ἔρωτος | det | high | Article determining ἔρωτος. |
| 8 | ἔρωτος | ἔρως | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ῥᾳστώνην | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ῥᾳστώνην. |
| 9 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | C---- | _ | 13 δοξάζοντι | mark | high | Causal/explanatory subordinator introducing the participial phrase. |
| 10 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 13 δοξάζοντι | advmod | high | Negates δοξάζοντι. |
| 11 | ἑαυτοῦ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-3GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 12 σκιὰν | nmod | high | Genitive possessive dependent on σκιὰν. |
| 12 | σκιὰν | σκιά | NOUN | N-AFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 δοξάζοντι | obj | high | Accusative object of δοξάζοντι under negation. |
| 13 | δοξάζοντι | δοξάζω | VERB | V-PAP-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 συνιέντι | conj | high | Second dative present participle coordinated with συνιέντι. |
| 14 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | C---- | _ | 13 δοξάζοντι | cc | high | Adversative coordinator contrasting σκιὰν δοξάζοντι with εἰκόνα ὁρᾶν. |
| 15 | εἰκόνα | εἰκών | NOUN | N-AFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ὁρᾶν | obj | high | Accusative object of ὁρᾶν. |
| 16 | ὁρᾶν | ὁράω | VERB | V-PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 13 δοξάζοντι | xcomp | high | Infinitive coordinated semantically with the preceding negated object construction after ἀλλά. |
| 17 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 ἀδελφῆς | det | high | Article determining ἀδελφῆς. |
| 18 | ἀδελφῆς | ἀδελφή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 εἰκόνα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on εἰκόνα, identifying the represented sister. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 εἶναι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |