Grammar parses for passage 9.31.7
Open translation for this passage
ἐπὶ δὲ ἄκρᾳ τῇ κορυφῇ τοῦ Ἑλικῶνος ποταμὸς οὐ μέγας ἐστὶν ὁ Λάμος.
The prepositional phrase ἐπὶ ἄκρᾳ τῇ κορυφῇ τοῦ Ἑλικῶνος is locative; ποταμὸς ὁ Λάμος is the subject, with μέγας as predicate adjective under οὐ and ἐστίν as the root copula.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | S---DF- | AdpType=Prep | 5 κορυφῇ | case | high | Takes the dative in a locative sense. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 ἐστὶν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἄκρᾳ | ἄκρος | ADJ | A-SDF---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 κορυφῇ | amod | high | Agrees with κορυφῇ. |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | R-SDF---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 κορυφῇ | det | high | Article modifying κορυφῇ. |
| 5 | κορυφῇ | κορυφή | NOUN | N-SDF---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἐστὶν | obl | high | Object of ἐπί; locative oblique. |
| 6 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | R-SGM---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Ἑλικῶνος | det | high | Article modifying Ἑλικῶνος. |
| 7 | Ἑλικῶνος | Ἑλικών | PROPN | N-SGM---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 κορυφῇ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on κορυφῇ. |
| 8 | ποταμὸς | ποταμός | NOUN | N-SNM---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Subject of the copular clause. |
| 9 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 10 μέγας | advmod | high | Clausal negator modifying μέγας. |
| 10 | μέγας | μέγας | ADJ | A-SNM---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἐστὶν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with copular ἐστίν. |
| 11 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PIA3S--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 12 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | R-SNM---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 Λάμος | det | high | Article introducing the proper-name subject. |
| 13 | Λάμος | Λάμος | PROPN | N-SNM---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ποταμὸς | appos | high | Proper-name apposition specifying ποταμός. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐστὶν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Θεσπιέων δὲ ἐν τῇ γῇ ἡ Δονακών ἐστιν ὀνομαζόμενος·
The sentence has an existential/copular construction: Δονακών is the subject, ὀνομαζόμενος is a predicate participle agreeing with it, and Θεσπιέων is a genitive of location/association. The article before the proper name is retained as given.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Θεσπιέων | Θεσπιαί | PROPN | N----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 γῇ | nmod | medium | Genitive plural ethnic/place name; construed as association or territorial reference with γῇ. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 ἐστιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 γῇ | case | high | Preposition governing the dative. |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-SDFS-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 γῇ | det | high | |
| 5 | γῇ | γῆ | NOUN | N-SDF---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστιν | obl | high | Locative oblique with ἐν. |
| 6 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | L-SNF--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Δονακών | det | high | Article agreeing with the feminine proper name. |
| 7 | Δονακών | Δονακών | PROPN | N-SNF---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Feminine nominative proper name, subject of ἐστιν; accent/form is unusual, but syntactic function is clear. |
| 8 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA3-S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential finite verb. |
| 9 | ὀνομαζόμενος | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PPPMSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 8 ἐστιν | xcomp | low | As transmitted, masculine nominative singular participle does not agree with feminine Δονακών; likely a textual or token-form anomaly. Parsed as a predicative participle dependent on εἰστιν. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστιν | punct | high |
ἐνταῦθά ἐστι Ναρκίσσου πηγή,
Existential/location construction: ἐστι has a postposed genitive possessor Ναρκίσσου and nominative subject πηγή; ἐνταῦθα is the locative adverbial predicate.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνταῦθά | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D- | PronType=Dem | 2 ἐστι | advmod | high | |
| 2 | ἐστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular use. |
| 3 | Ναρκίσσου | Νάρκισσος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 πηγή | nmod | high | Possessive genitive. |
| 4 | πηγή | πηγή | NOUN | N-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 ἐστι | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἐστι | punct | high |
καὶ τὸν Νάρκισσον ἰδεῖν ἐς τοῦτο τὸ ὕδωρ φασίν, οὐ συνέντα δὲ ὅτι ἑώρα σκιὰν τὴν ἑαυτοῦ λαθεῖν τε αὐτὸν ἐρασθέντα αὑτοῦ καὶ ὑπὸ τοῦ ἔρωτος ἐπὶ τῇ πηγῇ οἱ συμβῆναι τὴν τελευτήν.
Infinitival subject of φασίν is coordinated: Νάρκισσον ἰδεῖν, with participial clauses describing his failure to recognize the image and his subsequent death; οἱ is dative experiencer with συμβῆναι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 4 ἰδεῖν | cc | high | |
| 2 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 Νάρκισσον | det | high | |
| 3 | Νάρκισσον | Νάρκισσος | PROPN | Neut? | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἰδεῖν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of infinitive. |
| 4 | ἰδεῖν | ὁράω | VERB | V-2AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 9 φασίν | ccomp | high | |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 8 ὕδωρ | case | high | |
| 6 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | DET | D- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ὕδωρ | det | high | |
| 7 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ὕδωρ | det | high | |
| 8 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἰδεῖν | obl | high | |
| 9 | φασίν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 φασίν | punct | high | |
| 11 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D | Polarity=Neg | 12 συνέντα | advmod | high | |
| 12 | συνέντα | συνίημι | VERB | V-2AAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 λαθεῖν | advcl | medium | Accusative participle, linked to the infinitival subject Νάρκισσον. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 12 συνέντα | cc | high | |
| 14 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | Conj | _ | 15 ἑώρα | mark | high | |
| 15 | ἑώρα | ὁράω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 12 συνέντα | ccomp | high | |
| 16 | σκιὰν | σκιά | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἑώρα | obj | high | |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἑαυτοῦ | det | high | |
| 18 | ἑαυτοῦ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Reflex=Yes | 16 σκιὰν | nmod | high | Possessive genitive. |
| 19 | λαθεῖν | λανθάνω | VERB | V-2AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 9 φασίν | ccomp | medium | Second infinitive coordinated semantically with ἰδεῖν; subject is Νάρκισσον. |
| 20 | τε | τε | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 19 λαθεῖν | cc | high | |
| 21 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 22 ἐρασθέντα | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of participle. |
| 22 | ἐρασθέντα | ἐράω | VERB | V-APP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 19 λαθεῖν | advcl | high | Temporal/causal participle: having fallen in love. |
| 23 | αὑτοῦ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Reflex=Yes | 22 ἐρασθέντα | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἐράω. |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 32 συμβῆναι | cc | high | |
| 25 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | _ | 27 ἔρωτος | case | high | |
| 26 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 ἔρωτος | det | high | |
| 27 | ἔρωτος | ἔρως | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 συμβῆναι | obl | high | Agent/cause with passive συμβῆναι. |
| 28 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 30 πηγῇ | case | high | |
| 29 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 πηγῇ | det | high | |
| 30 | πηγῇ | πηγή | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 συμβῆναι | obl | high | Place with ἐπί. |
| 31 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 32 συμβῆναι | iobj | medium | Dative of affected person; orthographically identical to article. |
| 32 | συμβῆναι | συμβαίνω | VERB | V-2AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 19 λαθεῖν | conj | high | Infinitive coordinated with λαθεῖν. |
| 33 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 34 τελευτήν | det | high | |
| 34 | τελευτήν | τελευτή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 συμβῆναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of συμβῆναι. |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 φασίν | punct | high |
τοῦτο μὲν δὴ παντάπασιν εὔηθες, ἡλικίας ἤδη τινὰ ἐς τοσοῦτο ἥκοντα ὡς ὑπὸ ἔρωτος ἁλίσκεσθαι μηδὲ ὁποῖόν τι ἄνθρωπος καὶ ὁποῖόν τι ἀνθρώπου σκιὰ διαγνῶναι·
The construction is an evaluative predicate εὔηθες with infinitival complements: ἁλίσκεσθαι is followed by coordinated διαγνῶναι; the participle ἡλικίας ... ἥκοντα supplies the circumstance/subject characterization.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | PDNSNA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 εὔηθες | nsubj | high | Demonstrative subject of εὔηθες. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | TE | _ | 1 τοῦτο | discourse | high | |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | TE | _ | 5 εὔηθες | discourse | high | |
| 4 | παντάπασιν | παντάπασι | ADV | DMP | _ | 5 εὔηθες | advmod | high | |
| 5 | εὔηθες | εὔηθης | ADJ | A--NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Predicative adjective. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 εὔηθες | punct | high | |
| 7 | ἡλικίας | ἡλικία | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἥκοντα | obl | medium | Genitive of age/measure with ἥκοντα. |
| 8 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D-------- | _ | 12 ἥκοντα | advmod | high | |
| 9 | τινὰ | τις | PRON | PX-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἥκοντα | obj | medium | Indefinite accusative associated with ἥκοντα, ‘a certain [degree of] age’; gender/form is contextually compressed. |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 τοσοῦτο | case | high | |
| 11 | τοσοῦτο | τοσοῦτος | PRON | PD-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἥκοντα | obl | high | Extent complement of ἥκοντα. |
| 12 | ἥκοντα | ἥκω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 16 ἁλίσκεσθαι | advcl | medium | Participial clause, governed semantically by the following infinitival construction. |
| 13 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 ἁλίσκεσθαι | mark | high | |
| 14 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 ἔρωτος | case | high | |
| 15 | ἔρωτος | ἔρως | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἁλίσκεσθαι | obl | high | Agent/source with passive ἁλίσκεσθαι. |
| 16 | ἁλίσκεσθαι | ἁλίσκομαι | VERB | V-PNM | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 5 εὔηθες | xcomp | high | Infinitive dependent on the evaluative predicate εὔηθες. |
| 17 | μηδὲ | μηδέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 26 διαγνῶναι | cc | high | Coordinates the second infinitival object with the first. |
| 18 | ὁποῖόν | ὁποῖος | ADJ | A--ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ἄνθρωπος | amod | high | Predicative adjective in the infinitival clause. |
| 19 | τι | τις | PRON | PX-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ὁποῖόν | det | high | Indefinite qualifier, ‘what sort of thing’. |
| 20 | ἄνθρωπος | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 διαγνῶναι | nsubj | high | Subject of the active infinitive διαγνῶναι. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 26 διαγνῶναι | cc | high | |
| 22 | ὁποῖόν | ὁποῖος | ADJ | A--ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 σκιὰ | amod | high | Predicative adjective with σκιὰ. |
| 23 | τι | τις | PRON | PX-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 ὁποῖόν | det | high | Indefinite qualifier. |
| 24 | ἀνθρώπου | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 σκιὰ | nmod | high | Possessive/relational genitive with σκιὰ. |
| 25 | σκιὰ | σκιά | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 διαγνῶναι | nsubj | high | Second coordinated subject of διαγνῶναι. |
| 26 | διαγνῶναι | διαγιγνώσκω | VERB | V-2NAI | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 16 ἁλίσκεσθαι | conj | high | Coordinated infinitive: ‘to discern’. |
| 27 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 εὔηθες | punct | high |