Grammar parses for passage 9.32.1
Open translation for this passage
τοῖς δὲ ἐν Κρεύσιδι, ἐπινείῳ τῷ Θεσπιέων, οἰκοῦσιν ἐν κοινῷ μέν ἐστιν οὐδέν, ἐν ἰδιώτου δὲ ἀνδρὸς ἄγαλμα ἦν Διονύσου γύψου πεποιημένον καὶ ἐπικεκοσμημένον γραφῇ.
The sentence has two main clauses with correlative μέν...δὲ; the first predicate is elliptical and the second clause centers on ἄγαλμα with two perfect passive participles.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 οἰκοῦσιν | nsubj | high | Article functioning substantivally with participle. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 10 οἰκοῦσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 4 Κρεύσιδι | case | high | Introduces locative phrase. |
| 4 | Κρεύσιδι | Κρεύσις | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἐν | obl | high | Place name in dative. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 Κρεύσιδι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 6 | ἐπινείῳ | ἐπίνειον | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 οἰκοῦσιν | appos | high | Apposition to the locative designation. |
| 7 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 Θεσπιέων | det | high | Article with Θεσπιέων. |
| 8 | Θεσπιέων | Θεσπιαί | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 ἐπινείῳ | nmod | high | Ethnonym used attributively in genitive. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 Θεσπιέων | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | οἰκοῦσιν | οἰκέω | VERB | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 οὐδέν | acl | high | Participial modifier of the dative substantive. |
| 11 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 12 κοινῷ | case | high | Introduces adverbial phrase. |
| 12 | κοινῷ | κοινός | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστιν | obl | high | Adverbial dative phrase. |
| 13 | μέν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 14 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 14 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 οὐδέν | cop | high | Copula with predicate adjective/pronoun. |
| 15 | οὐδέν | οὐδείς | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Predicate negated pronoun; clause root. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 οὐδέν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 17 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 18 ἰδιώτου | case | high | Introduces genitival phrase. |
| 18 | ἰδιώτου | ἰδιώτης | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἀνδρός. |
| 19 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 21 ἄγαλμα | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 20 | ἀνδρὸς | ἀνήρ | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἰδιώτου | nmod | high | Possessive/genitive relation. |
| 21 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦν. |
| 22 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second clause root. |
| 23 | Διονύσου | Διόνυσος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 πεποιημένον | nmod | medium | Likely genitive dependent of participle. |
| 24 | γύψου | γύψος | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 πεποιημένον | nmod | high | Material genitive modifying participle. |
| 25 | πεποιημένον | ποιέω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 21 ἄγαλμα | acl | high | Participial modifier of ἄγαλμα. |
| 26 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 27 ἐπικεκοσμημένον | cc | high | Coordinates participles. |
| 27 | ἐπικεκοσμημένον | ἐπικοσμέω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 25 πεποιημένον | conj | high | Coordinated participle modifying ἄγαλμα. |
| 28 | γραφῇ | γραφή | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 ἐπικεκοσμημένον | obl | high | Dative of means/instrument. |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἦν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
πλοῦς δὲ ἐς Κρεῦσίν ἐστιν ἐκ Πελοποννήσου σκολιός τε καὶ ἄλλως οὐκ εὔδιος· ἄκραι τε γὰρ ἀνέχουσιν ὡς μὴ κατʼ εὐθὺ τῆς θαλάσσης περαιοῦσθαι καὶ ἅμα ἐκ τῶν ὀρῶν καταπνέουσιν ἄνεμοι βίαιοι.
The syntax is paratactic: a main copular statement about the route is followed by an explanatory clause with ἀνέχουσιν and a coordinated infinitival/result clause headed by περαιοῦσθαι, then another coordinated finite clause with καταπνέουσιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πλοῦς | πλοῦς | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 5 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστιν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 5 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 4 Κρεῦσίν | case | high | Preposition governing Κρεῦσίν. |
| 4 | Κρεῦσίν | Κρεῦσα | PROPN | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 5 ἐστιν | obl | high | Place goal/complement with ἐς. |
| 5 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | _ | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 6 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 7 Πελοποννήσου | case | high | Preposition governing Πελοποννήσου. |
| 7 | Πελοποννήσου | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 5 ἐστιν | obl | high | Source/route phrase dependent on ἐστιν. |
| 8 | σκολιός | σκολιός | ADJ | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 1 πλοῦς | amod | medium | Predicative adjective modifying πλοῦς; agreement straightforward, syntax slightly elliptical. |
| 9 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 8 σκολιός | discourse | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 8 σκολιός | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 11 | ἄλλως | ἄλλως | ADV | _ | _ | 13 εὔδιος | advmod | high | Adverb modifying εὔδιος. |
| 12 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 13 εὔδιος | advmod | high | Negative particle. |
| 13 | εὔδιος | εὔδιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 1 πλοῦς | conj | medium | Second coordinated predicate/adjective with σκολιός. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστιν | punct | high | Sentence-level punctuation. |
| 15 | ἄκραι | ἄκρα | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 18 ἀνέχουσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀνέχουσιν. |
| 16 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 18 ἀνέχουσιν | discourse | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 17 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 18 ἀνέχουσιν | discourse | high | Explanatory particle. |
| 18 | ἀνέχουσιν | ἀνέχω | VERB | _ | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 5 ἐστιν | parataxis | high | New explanatory clause coordinated with previous statement. |
| 19 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 25 περαιοῦσθαι | mark | high | Subordinator introducing purpose/result clause. |
| 20 | μὴ | μή | PART | _ | _ | 25 περαιοῦσθαι | advmod | high | Negative particle with infinitive. |
| 21 | κατʼ | κατά | ADP | _ | _ | 22 εὐθὺ | case | high | Preposition governing εὐθὺ. |
| 22 | εὐθὺ | εὐθύς | ADV | _ | _ | 25 περαιοῦσθαι | advmod | medium | Likely adverbial phrase 'straight across'; could be adjectival form in frozen usage. |
| 23 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 24 θαλάσσης | det | high | Article modifying θαλάσσης. |
| 24 | θαλάσσης | θάλασσα | NOUN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 25 περαιοῦσθαι | obl | high | Genitive complement in the prepositional phrase. |
| 25 | περαιοῦσθαι | περαιόω | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 18 ἀνέχουσιν | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of ἀνέχουσιν. |
| 26 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 31 καταπνέουσιν | cc | high | Coordinates with preceding infinitival clause at discourse level. |
| 27 | ἅμα | ἅμα | ADV | _ | _ | 31 καταπνέουσιν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying καταπνέουσιν. |
| 28 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 30 ὀρῶν | case | high | Preposition governing ὀρῶν. |
| 29 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 30 ὀρῶν | det | high | Article modifying ὀρῶν. |
| 30 | ὀρῶν | ὄρος | NOUN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 31 καταπνέουσιν | obl | high | Source phrase dependent on καταπνέουσιν. |
| 31 | καταπνέουσιν | καταπνέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 18 ἀνέχουσιν | conj | high | Coordinated verb with ἀνέχουσιν. |
| 32 | ἄνεμοι | ἄνεμος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 31 καταπνέουσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of καταπνέουσιν. |
| 33 | βίαιοι | βίαιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 32 ἄνεμοι | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying ἄνεμοι. |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |