Grammar parses for passage 9.5.7
Open translation for this passage
οἳ πρῶτοι Θήβης ἕδος ἔκτισαν ἑπταπύλοιο πύργωσάν τʼ, ἐπεὶ οὐ μὲν ἀπύργωτόν γʼ ἐδύναντο ναιέμεν εὐρύχορον Θήβην, κρατερώ περ ἐόντε. Hom. Od. 11.263
Relative clause: οἳ ... ἔκτισαν ... πύργωσαν has coordinated finite verbs; ἐπεὶ introduces a causal clause with ἐδύναντο governing infinitive ναιέμεν and accusative object Θήβην. κρατερώ περ ἐόντε is a concessive/temporal participial phrase, referring to the founders (οἳ), with περ as an enclitic particle.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἳ | ὅς | PRON | P---NM-P- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 5 ἔκτισαν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | πρῶτοι | πρῶτος | ADJ | A---NM-P- | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἔκτισαν | advmod | high | Predicative temporal/ordinal modifier: 'first'. |
| 3 | Θήβης | Θήβη | PROPN | Ne---GF-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|NameType=Geo|Number=Sing | 4 ἕδος | nmod | high | |
| 4 | ἕδος | ἕδος | NOUN | N---NA-S- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἔκτισαν | obj | high | Accusative object of ἔκτισαν. |
| 5 | ἔκτισαν | κτίζω | VERB | V---IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | ἑπταπύλοιο | ἑπτάπυλος | ADJ | A---GF-S- | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 πύργωσάν | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on πύργωσαν, likely with an omitted/implicit object or genitive of the city; Homeric form. |
| 7 | πύργωσάν | πυργόω | VERB | V---IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 5 ἔκτισαν | conj | high | Coordinated with ἔκτισαν; τʼ supplies the conjunction. |
| 8 | τʼ | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 πύργωσάν | cc | high | Enclitic τε. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔκτισαν | punct | high | |
| 10 | ἐπεὶ | ἐπεί | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 ἐδύναντο | mark | high | Causal/subordinating conjunction. |
| 11 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | T-------- | Polarity=Neg | 15 ἐδύναντο | advmod | high | |
| 12 | μὲν | μέν | PART | T-------- | _ | 15 ἐδύναντο | discourse | high | Correlative particle, paired loosely with γʼ. |
| 13 | ἀπύργωτόν | ἀπύργωτος | ADJ | A---NA-S- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ναιέμεν | obj | medium | Predicative/object complement with ναιέμεν; agrees with implicit neuter ἕδος or a substantivized notion. |
| 14 | γʼ | γε | PART | T-------- | _ | 13 ἀπύργωτόν | discourse | high | Enclitic γε. |
| 15 | ἐδύναντο | δύναμαι | VERB | V---IMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Med | 5 ἔκτισαν | advcl | high | Finite verb of the ἐπεί clause; subject is understood as οἳ. |
| 16 | ναιέμεν | ναίω | VERB | V---PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 15 ἐδύναντο | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of ἐδύναντο. |
| 17 | εὐρύχορον | εὐρύχορος | ADJ | A---AF-S- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 Θήβην | amod | high | |
| 18 | Θήβην | Θήβη | PROPN | Ne---AF-S- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|NameType=Geo|Number=Sing | 16 ναιέμεν | obj | high | Accusative object of ναιέμεν. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐδύναντο | punct | high | |
| 20 | κρατερώ | κρατερός | ADJ | A---NM-D- | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Dual | 22 ἐόντε | obl | medium | Dual nominative adjective with ἐόντε; concessive phrase referring to the pair of founders. |
| 21 | περ | περ | PART | T-------- | _ | 20 κρατερώ | discourse | high | Enclitic concessive/intensive particle. |
| 22 | ἐόντε | εἰμί | AUX | V-P###NM-D | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Dual|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 ἐδύναντο | advcl | medium | Epic participial form of εἰμί; understood subject is the founders, with concessive περ. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔκτισαν | punct | high | |
| 24 | H | H | X | _ | _ | 0 ROOT | dep | low | Bibliographic citation token; not syntactically integrated. |
| 25 | o | o | X | _ | _ | 24 H | flat | low | Bibliographic citation token. |
| 26 | m | m | X | _ | _ | 24 H | flat | low | Bibliographic citation token. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 H | punct | high | |
| 28 | O | O | X | _ | _ | 24 H | flat | low | Bibliographic citation token. |
| 29 | d | d | X | _ | _ | 24 H | flat | low | Bibliographic citation token. |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 H | punct | high | |
| 31 | 11.263 | 11.263 | NUM | QC-------- | NumType=Card | 24 H | nmod | medium | Citation number. |
ὅτι δὲ Ἀμφίων ᾖδε καὶ τὸ τεῖχος ἐξειργάζετο πρὸς τὴν λύραν, οὐδένα ἐποιήσατο λόγον ἐν τοῖς ἔπεσι·
ὅτι introduces an object/content clause dependent on ἐποιήσατο λόγον; Ἀμφίων is the shared subject of ᾖδε and ἐξειργάζετο. The phrase πρὸς τὴν λύραν modifies ᾖδε and, by coordination, plausibly ἐξειργάζετο; ἐν τοῖς ἔπεσι is locative/figurative circumstance for the omission of λόγον. The exact semantic scope of πρὸς τὴν λύραν is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἐποιήσατο | mark | high | Content-clause marker. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 Ἀμφίων | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἀμφίων | Ἀμφίων | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ᾖδε | nsubj | high | Subject shared with ἐξειργάζετο. |
| 4 | ᾖδε | ἀείδω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 14 ἐποιήσατο | conj | high | First coordinated predicate of the ὅτι-clause. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἐξειργάζετο | cc | high | Coordinates the two predicates. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 τεῖχος | det | high | |
| 7 | τεῖχος | τεῖχος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἐξειργάζετο | obj | high | Object of ἐξειργάζετο. |
| 8 | ἐξειργάζετο | ἐξεργάζομαι | VERB | V-IMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 4 ᾖδε | conj | high | Second coordinated predicate; middle voice is morphologically explicit. |
| 9 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 λύραν | case | medium | Preposition introducing the musical accompaniment phrase. |
| 10 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 λύραν | det | high | |
| 11 | λύραν | λύρα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ᾖδε | obl | medium | Object of πρὸς; phrase most directly modifies ᾖδε, with possible wider scope over the coordinated predicates. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐποιήσατο | punct | high | |
| 13 | οὐδένα | οὐδείς | PRON | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 λόγον | det | high | Negative determiner modifying λόγον. |
| 14 | ἐποιήσατο | ποιέω | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main-clause predicate, with λόγον as its object. |
| 15 | λόγον | λόγος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐποιήσατο | obj | high | Accusative object in the idiom λόγον ποιεῖσθαι, ‘make mention/take account’. |
| 16 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 18 ἔπεσι | case | high | Preposition introducing the sphere/context phrase. |
| 17 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 ἔπεσι | det | high | |
| 18 | ἔπεσι | ἔπος | NOUN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 λόγον | obl | high | Object of ἐν; specifies the writings/verses in which no mention was made. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐποιήσατο | punct | high |
δόξαν δὲ ἔσχεν Ἀμφίων ἐπὶ μουσικῇ, τήν τε ἁρμονίαν τὴν Λυδῶν κατὰ κῆδος τὸ Ταντάλου παρʼ αὐτῶν μαθὼν καὶ χορδὰς ἐπὶ τέσσαρσι ταῖς πρότερον τρεῖς ἀνευρών.
Ἀμφίων is the subject of ἔσχεν; the participles μαθών and ἀνευρών are coordinated circumstantial modifiers of the subject. In τήν ... ἁρμονίαν, τήν Λυδῶν is the object of μαθών, with κατὰ κῆδος τὸ Ταντάλου and παρ’ αὐτῶν expressing the circumstances/source of learning. The final phrase means that Amphion discovered three strings in addition to the former four.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δόξαν | δόξα | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἔσχεν | obj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 3 ἔσχεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἔσχεν | ἔχω | VERB | v3saia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | Ἀμφίων | Ἀμφίων | PROPN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἔσχεν | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | r-------- | _ | 6 μουσικῇ | case | high | |
| 6 | μουσικῇ | μουσική | NOUN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἔσχεν | obl | high | |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἔσχεν | punct | high | |
| 8 | τήν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἁρμονίαν | det | high | |
| 9 | τε | τε | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 10 ἁρμονίαν | cc | high | |
| 10 | ἁρμονίαν | ἁρμονία | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 μαθὼν | obj | high | Coordinated with χορδάς as participial object. |
| 11 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἁρμονίαν | det | high | |
| 12 | Λυδῶν | Λυδός | PROPN | n-p---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 ἁρμονίαν | nmod | high | Ethnic name used substantivally/adjectivally: the Lydians' harmony. |
| 13 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | r-------- | _ | 14 κῆδος | case | high | |
| 14 | κῆδος | κῆδος | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 μαθὼν | obl | medium | Accusative with κατά; idiomatic sense is in/after the mourning or funeral observance. |
| 15 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 κῆδος | det | high | |
| 16 | Ταντάλου | Τάνταλος | PROPN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 κῆδος | nmod | high | |
| 17 | παρʼ | παρά | ADP | r-------- | _ | 18 αὐτῶν | case | high | Elided form of παρά. |
| 18 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | p-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 19 μαθὼν | obl | medium | Genitive of source; antecedent is the Lydians. |
| 19 | μαθὼν | μανθάνω | VERB | v-srapmn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 27 ἀνευρών | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with Ἀμφίων. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 27 ἀνευρών | cc | high | |
| 21 | χορδὰς | χορδή | NOUN | n-p---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 27 ἀνευρών | obj | high | |
| 22 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | r-------- | _ | 23 τέσσαρσι | case | high | With dative, indicating addition. |
| 23 | τέσσαρσι | τέσσαρες | NUM | m-p---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 21 χορδὰς | nmod | high | Dative complement of ἐπί; agrees semantically with ταῖς πρότερον τρεῖς. |
| 24 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | l-p---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 23 τέσσαρσι | det | high | |
| 25 | πρότερον | πρότερον | ADV | d-------- | _ | 26 τρεῖς | advmod | high | Adverbial comparative modifying the omitted/understood prior strings. |
| 26 | τρεῖς | τρεῖς | NUM | m-p---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 21 χορδὰς | nummod | high | Accusative numeral agreeing with χορδάς. |
| 27 | ἀνευρών | ἀνευρίσκω | VERB | v-sra---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 3 ἔσχεν | advcl | high | Coordinated circumstantial participle agreeing with Ἀμφίων. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἔσχεν | punct | high |