Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 9.8.2

← 9.8.1 9.8.3 →

Passage 9.8.2

Open translation for this passage

2sentences parsed

73Greek tokens

1,875input tokens

5,271output tokens

Sentence 2

9.8.2 sentence 2

Tokens: 54
Input: 1,128
Output: 3,825
Total: 4,953

θύοντες γὰρ τῷ θεῷ προήχθησάν ποτε ὑπὸ μέθης ἐς ὕβριν, ὥστε καὶ τοῦ Διονύσου τὸν ἱερέα ἀποκτείνουσιν· ἀποκτείναντας δὲ αὐτίκα ἐπέλαβε νόσος λοιμώδης, καί σφισιν ἀφίκετο ἴαμα ἐκ Δελφῶν τῷ Διονύσῳ θύειν παῖδα ὡραῖον· ἔτεσι δὲ οὐ πολλοῖς ὕστερον τὸν θεόν φασιν αἶγα ἱερεῖον ὑπαλλάξαι σφίσιν ἀντὶ τοῦ παιδός.

The passage contains several clause boundaries with participles and infinitival complements; the main syntactic difficulty is whether some participles are best read as adverbial or supplementary, but the analysis follows the most direct clause-level attachment.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	θύοντες	θύω	VERB	PAPMPN	Aspect=Imp\|Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	5 προήχθησάν	advcl	high	Circumstantial participle modifying the main verb.
2	γὰρ	γάρ	PART	_	_	5 προήχθησάν	discourse	high	Postpositive discourse particle.
3	τῷ	ὁ	DET	RA-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	4 θεῷ	det	high	Article with θεῷ.
4	θεῷ	θεός	NOUN	N-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	1 θύοντες	obl	high	Dative complement of θύοντες.
5	προήχθησάν	προάγω	VERB	VAPI3P	Aspect=Perf\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Pass	0 ROOT	root	medium	Likely aorist passive indicative 3pl; spelling with -ησ- is unusual but context requires finite main verb.
6	ποτε	ποτε	ADV	_	_	5 προήχθησάν	advmod	high	Temporal adverb.
7	ὑπὸ	ὑπό	ADP	_	_	8 μέθης	case	high	Governs genitive.
8	μέθης	μέθη	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	5 προήχθησάν	obl	high	Agent/cause phrase with ὑπό.
9	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	_	_	10 ὕβριν	case	high	Motion preposition.
10	ὕβριν	ὕβρις	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	5 προήχθησάν	obl	high	Goal/result phrase with εἰς.
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	5 προήχθησάν	punct	high	Punctuation.
12	ὥστε	ὥστε	SCONJ	_	_	18 ἀποκτείνουσιν	mark	high	Introduces result clause.
13	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	18 ἀποκτείνουσιν	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction.
14	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	RA-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	15 Διονύσου	det	high	Article with Διονύσου.
15	Διονύσου	Διόνυσος	PROPN	N-DSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 ἱερέα	nmod	high	Genitive modifier of ἱερέα.
16	τὸν	ὁ	DET	RA-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	17 ἱερέα	det	high	Article with ἱερέα.
17	ἱερέα	ἱερεύς	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	18 ἀποκτείνουσιν	obj	high	Object of ἀποκτείνουσιν.
18	ἀποκτείνουσιν	ἀποκτείνω	VERB	VPAI3P	Aspect=Imp\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	5 προήχθησάν	advcl	high	Result clause verb.
19	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	18 ἀποκτείνουσιν	punct	high	Punctuation.
20	ἀποκτείναντας	ἀποκτείνω	VERB	AAPMPA	Aspect=Perf\|Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	23 ἐπέλαβε	advcl	high	Adverbial participle, accusative masculine plural.
21	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	23 ἐπέλαβε	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
22	αὐτίκα	αὐτίκα	ADV	_	_	23 ἐπέλαβε	advmod	high	Temporal adverb.
23	ἐπέλαβε	ἐπιλαμβάνω	VERB	VAAI3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb of second clause.
24	νόσος	νόσος	NOUN	N-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	23 ἐπέλαβε	nsubj	high	Subject of ἐπέλαβε.
25	λοιμώδης	λοιμώδης	ADJ	A-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	24 νόσος	amod	high	Attributive adjective.
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	23 ἐπέλαβε	punct	high	Punctuation.
27	καί	καί	CCONJ	_	_	29 ἀφίκετο	cc	high	Coordinates the next clause.
28	σφισιν	σφεῖς	PRON	P-P-D	Case=Dat\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	29 ἀφίκετο	iobj	medium	Dative recipient; enclitic form.
29	ἀφίκετο	ἀφικνέομαι	VERB	VAMI3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb of clause; middle deponent.
30	ἴαμα	ἴαμα	NOUN	N-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	29 ἀφίκετο	nsubj	medium	Likely subject, though clause sense is somewhat impersonal.
31	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	_	_	32 Δελφῶν	case	high	Governs genitive.
32	Δελφῶν	Δελφοί	PROPN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	30 ἴαμα	nmod	high	Source phrase modifying ἴαμα.
33	τῷ	ὁ	DET	RA-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	34 Διονύσῳ	det	high	Article with Διονύσῳ.
34	Διονύσῳ	Διόνυσος	PROPN	N-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	35 θύειν	iobj	high	Dative recipient of θύειν.
35	θύειν	θύω	VERB	V-PAN	Aspect=Imp\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	30 ἴαμα	acl	high	Infinitival complement dependent on ἴαμα.
36	παῖδα	παῖς	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	35 θύειν	obj	high	Object of θύειν.
37	ὡραῖον	ὡραῖος	ADJ	A-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	36 παῖδα	amod	high	Attributive adjective.
38	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	29 ἀφίκετο	punct	high	Punctuation.
39	ἔτεσι	ἔτος	NOUN	N-DPN	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	43 ὕστερον	obl	high	Time expression, dative of extent/time.
40	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	43 ὕστερον	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
41	οὐ	οὐ	PART	_	_	43 ὕστερον	advmod	high	Negation of ποσό/extent expression.
42	πολλοῖς	πολύς	ADJ	A-DPN	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	39 ἔτεσι	amod	high	Modifies ἔτεσι.
43	ὕστερον	ὕστερον	ADV	_	_	46 φασιν	advmod	high	Temporal adverb.
44	τὸν	ὁ	DET	RA-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	45 θεόν	det	high	Article with θεόν.
45	θεόν	θεός	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	46 φασιν	obj	high	Object of φασιν.
46	φασιν	φημί	VERB	VPAI3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Reporting verb introducing infinitive.
47	αἶγα	αἴξ	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	49 ὑπαλλάξαι	obj	high	Object of ὑπαλλάξαι.
48	ἱερεῖον	ἱερείον	NOUN	N-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	47 αἶγα	appos	medium	Appositive/qualifying noun to αἶγα; singular neuter form is somewhat irregular in context.
49	ὑπαλλάξαι	ὑπαλλάσσω	VERB	V-AAI	Aspect=Perf\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	46 φασιν	xcomp	high	Complement infinitive of φασιν.
50	σφίσιν	σφεῖς	PRON	P-P-D	Case=Dat\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	49 ὑπαλλάξαι	iobj	high	Dative beneficiary/object of exchange.
51	ἀντὶ	ἀντί	ADP	_	_	53 παιδός	case	high	Takes genitive.
52	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	RA-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	53 παιδός	det	high	Article with παιδός.
53	παιδός	παῖς	NOUN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	49 ὑπαλλάξαι	obl	high	Genitive complement of ἀντί.
54	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	46 φασιν	punct	high	Punctuation.

Sentence 3

9.8.2 sentence 3

Tokens: 19
Input: 747
Output: 1,446
Total: 2,193

δείκνυται δὲ ἐν Ποτνιαῖς καὶ φρέαρ· τὰς δὲ ἵππους τὰς ἐπιχωρίους τοῦ ὕδατος πιούσας τούτου μανῆναι λέγουσιν.

The syntax is slightly ambiguous at the junction of δείκνυται and φρέαρ; I treat φρέαρ as a coordinated subject/predicate nominal in the first clause, and the second clause as reported speech introduced by λέγουσιν.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	δείκνυται	δείκνυμι	VERB	V-3spip---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb of the first clause.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	G--------	_	1 δείκνυται	discourse	high	Postpositive connective particle.
3	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R--------	_	4 Ποτνιαῖς	case	high	Introduces locative phrase.
4	Ποτνιαῖς	Ποτνίαι	PROPN	Np-pdf---	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	1 δείκνυται	obl	high	Locative complement of δείκνυται.
5	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	6 φρέαρ	cc	high	Coordinates φρέαρ with preceding locative phrase.
6	φρέαρ	φρέαρ	NOUN	N--ns---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	1 δείκνυται	nsubj	medium	Likely second coordinated subject/predicate nominal with δείκνυται.
7	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	1 δείκνυται	punct	high	Clause boundary punctuation.
8	τὰς	ὁ	DET	L-paf---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	10 ἵππους	det	high	Article with ἵππους.
9	δὲ	δέ	PART	G--------	_	10 ἵππους	discourse	high	Postpositive connective particle.
10	ἵππους	ἵππος	NOUN	N-paf---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	18 λέγουσιν	obj	high	Direct object of λέγουσιν in reported content.
11	τὰς	ὁ	DET	L-paf---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	12 ἐπιχωρίους	det	high	Article with ἐπιχωρίους.
12	ἐπιχωρίους	ἐπιχώριος	ADJ	A-paf---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	10 ἵππους	amod	high	Attributive modifier of ἵππους.
13	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	L-smg---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	14 ὕδατος	det	high	Article with ὕδατος.
14	ὕδατος	ὕδωρ	NOUN	N-sng---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	15 πιούσας	obj	high	Object of πιούσας.
15	πιούσας	πίνω	VERB	V-apaaf---	Aspect=Perf\|Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	10 ἵππους	acl	high	Participial modifier of ἵππους.
16	τούτου	οὗτος	DET	Pd-sgn---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	14 ὕδατος	det	high	Demonstrative modifying ὕδατος.
17	μανῆναι	μαίνομαι	VERB	V--ana---	Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Mid	18 λέγουσιν	xcomp	high	Complement of λέγουσιν.
18	λέγουσιν	λέγω	VERB	V-3ppia---	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	1 δείκνυται	conj	medium	Second clause coordinated or loosely juxtaposed with the first.
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	18 λέγουσιν	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

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