Grammar parses for passage 9.8.1
Open translation for this passage
διαβεβηκότι δὲ ἤδη τὸν Ἀσωπὸν καὶ τῆς πόλεως δέκα μάλιστα ἀφεστηκότι σταδίους Ποτνιῶν ἐστιν ἐρείπια καὶ ἐν αὐτοῖς ἄλσος Δήμητρος καὶ Κόρης.
The opening datives are coordinated circumstantial participles with an understood subject, describing crossing the Asopus and being about ten stadia distant from the city; ἐρείπια and ἄλσος are coordinated existential subjects.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | διαβεβηκότι | διαβαίνω | VERB | T-PAPTCP-DAT-SG-MASC | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 14 ἐστιν | advcl | high | Dative circumstantial participle, coordinated with ἀφεστηκότι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | ADV | _ | 1 διαβεβηκότι | advmod | high | |
| 4 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 Ἀσωπὸν | det | high | |
| 5 | Ἀσωπὸν | Ἀσωπός | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 διαβεβηκότι | obj | high | |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 ἀφεστηκότι | cc | high | Coordinates the two circumstantial participles. |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 πόλεως | det | high | |
| 8 | πόλεως | πόλις | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἀφεστηκότι | obl | high | Genitive of separation/distance with ἀφεστηκότι. |
| 9 | δέκα | δέκα | NUM | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 12 σταδίους | nummod | high | Accusative measure of distance. |
| 10 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | ADV-SUP | Degree=Sup | 9 δέκα | advmod | high | |
| 11 | ἀφεστηκότι | ἀφίστημι | VERB | T-PAPTCP-DAT-SG-MASC | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 14 ἐστιν | advcl | high | Dative circumstantial participle; subject is understood and shared with διαβεβηκότι. |
| 12 | σταδίους | στάδιον | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἀφεστηκότι | obl | high | Accusative of extent of separation. |
| 13 | Ποτνιῶν | Πότνιαι | PROPN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 ἐρείπια | nmod | high | Genitive place-name dependent on ἐρείπια. |
| 14 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular predicate; postposed subject ἐρείπια. |
| 15 | ἐρείπια | ἐρείπιον | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 ἄλσος | cc | high | Coordinates the second existential clause. |
| 17 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 19 ἄλσος | case | high | |
| 18 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 19 ἄλσος | obl | high | Refers to the ruins. |
| 19 | ἄλσος | ἄλσος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστιν | conj | high | Second existential subject, coordinated with ἐρείπια. |
| 20 | Δήμητρος | Δήμητρα | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἄλσος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἄλσος. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 Κόρης | cc | high | Coordinates the two deity names. |
| 22 | Κόρης | Κόρη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 Δήμητρος | conj | high | Coordinated genitive with Δήμητρος. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐστιν | punct | high |
τὰ δὲ ἀγάλματα ἐν τῷ ποταμῷ τῷ παρὰ τὰς Ποτνιὰς τὰς θεὰς ὀνομάζουσιν.
The neuter plural subject τὰ ἀγάλματα is the object of ὀνομάζουσιν; the two τῷ ποταμῷ and παρὰ τὰς Ποτνιὰς τὰς θεὰς form a locative description, with the final accusative phrase dependent on παρὰ. The exact scope of τῷ παρὰ is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T----NPA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 3 ἀγάλματα | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 ὀνομάζουσιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀγάλματα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N----NPA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ὀνομάζουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 ποταμῷ | case | high | |
| 5 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ποταμῷ | det | high | |
| 6 | ποταμῷ | ποταμός | NOUN | N----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ὀνομάζουσιν | obl | high | Locative adjunct with ἐν. |
| 7 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ποταμῷ | det | medium | Article introducing an attributive or appositional phrase. |
| 8 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 Ποτνιὰς | case | medium | With accusative; its phrase modifies the river description. |
| 9 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T----APA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 Ποτνιὰς | det | high | |
| 10 | Ποτνιὰς | Πότνιαι | PROPN | N----APA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 θεὰς | obl | medium | Place-name, governed by παρὰ; exact lexical treatment of the toponym is uncertain. |
| 11 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T----APA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 θεὰς | det | high | |
| 12 | θεὰς | θεά | NOUN | N----APA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 Ποτνιὰς | appos | high | Apposition to Ποτνιὰς. |
| 13 | ὀνομάζουσιν | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V3PIAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ὀνομάζουσιν | punct | high |
ἐν χρόνῳ δὲ εἰρημένῳ δρῶσι καὶ ἄλλα ὁπόσα καθέστηκέ σφισι καὶ ἐς τὰ μέγαρα καλούμενα ἀφιᾶσιν ὗς τῶν νεογνῶν·
The participle εἰρημένῳ is a dative temporal modifier with χρόνῳ; καθέστηκέ is perfect active, with σφισι as a dative complement. The final construction means that they release young pigs into the so-called megara; ὗς is accusative plural, while τῶν νεογνῶν is a genitive attributive/specifying phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 2 χρόνῳ | case | high | |
| 2 | χρόνῳ | χρόνος | NOUN | N--DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 δρῶσι | obl | high | Temporal dative governed by ἐν. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 δρῶσι | cc | high | |
| 4 | εἰρημένῳ | λέγω | VERB | V-RPPDSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 2 χρόνῳ | amod | medium | Perfect passive participle, agreeing with χρόνῳ; temporal sense ‘at the appointed/stated time’. |
| 5 | δρῶσι | δράω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 δρῶσι | cc | high | |
| 7 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 δρῶσι | obj | high | Substantival neuter plural: ‘other things’. |
| 8 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ἄλλα | amod | medium | Quantifying relative adjective, agreeing with ἄλλα. |
| 9 | καθέστηκέ | καθίστημι | VERB | V-RAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 8 ὁπόσα | acl:relcl | medium | Perfect form with intransitive/resultative sense ‘has been established’; subject is implicit/indefinite. |
| 10 | σφισι | σφεῖς | PRON | P--DP3P | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 9 καθέστηκέ | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/possession with καθέστηκέ. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ἀφιᾶσιν | cc | high | |
| 12 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 14 μέγαρα | case | high | |
| 13 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 μέγαρα | det | high | |
| 14 | μέγαρα | μέγαρον | NOUN | N--APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 16 ἀφιᾶσιν | obl | high | |
| 15 | καλούμενα | καλέω | VERB | V-PPPAN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 14 μέγαρα | acl | high | Agreeing with μέγαρα: ‘called/named’. |
| 16 | ἀφιᾶσιν | ἀφίημι | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 δρῶσι | conj | high | Coordinated predicate after δρῶσι. |
| 17 | ὗς | ὗς | NOUN | N--APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 ἀφιᾶσιν | obj | high | |
| 18 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 νεογνῶν | det | high | |
| 19 | νεογνῶν | νεογνός | ADJ | A-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 ὗς | nmod | medium | Genitive specifying the young animals, dependent on ὗς. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 δρῶσι | punct | high |
τοὺς δὲ ὗς τούτους ἐς τὴν ἐπιοῦσαν τοῦ ἔτους ὥραν ἐν Δωδώνῃ φασὶν ἐπὶ λόγῳ τῷδε ἄλλος πού τις πεισθήσεται.
The syntax is rhetorically compressed: φασίν introduces or interrupts an implied reported proposition, while ἐς ... ὥραν and ἐν Δωδώνῃ describe the accusative plural ὗς; the final future question is treated as the matrix clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | article-ACC-MASC-PL | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ὗς | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 φασὶν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὗς | ὗς | NOUN | N-ACC-MASC-PL | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 φασὶν | obj | high | Accusative subject/object of φασίν in reported content. |
| 4 | τούτους | οὗτος | DET | D-ACC-MASC-PL | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ὗς | det | high | Demonstrative modifier. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 10 ὥραν | case | high | |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | article-ACC-FEM-SG | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐπιοῦσαν | det | high | |
| 7 | ἐπιοῦσαν | ἔπειμι | ADJ | PTCP-ACC-FEM-SG | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 ὥραν | amod | medium | Substantivized participle, ‘coming/following’. |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | article-GEN-NEUT-SG | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἔτους | det | high | |
| 9 | ἔτους | ἔτος | NOUN | N-GEN-NEUT-SG | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἐπιοῦσαν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἐπιοῦσαν. |
| 10 | ὥραν | ὥρα | NOUN | N-ACC-FEM-SG | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 φασὶν | obl | high | Temporal accusative phrase ἐς ... ὥραν. |
| 11 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 Δωδώνῃ | case | high | |
| 12 | Δωδώνῃ | Δωδώνη | PROPN | N-DAT-FEM-SG | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 φασὶν | obl | high | Locative prepositional phrase. |
| 13 | φασὶν | φημί | VERB | V-PRS-ACT-3PL | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 20 πεισθήσεται | parataxis | medium | Reporting verb; syntactically parenthetical relative to the following future question. |
| 14 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 15 λόγῳ | case | high | |
| 15 | λόγῳ | λόγος | NOUN | N-DAT-MASC-SG | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 πεισθήσεται | obl | high | Phrase ἐπὶ λόγῳ τῷδε, ‘on this account/argument’. |
| 16 | τῷδε | ὅδε | DET | D-DAT-MASC-SG | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 λόγῳ | det | high | |
| 17 | ἄλλος | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-NOM-MASC-SG | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 τις | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of τις. |
| 18 | πού | πού | PART | PART | _ | 19 τις | advmod | medium | Indefinitizing/approximative particle. |
| 19 | τις | τις | PRON | P-INDEF-NOM-MASC-SG | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 20 πεισθήσεται | nsubj | high | |
| 20 | πεισθήσεται | πείθω | VERB | V-FUT-PASS-3SG | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Future passive, ‘will be persuaded’; φασίν is parenthetical/reporting. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 20 πεισθήσεται | punct | high |