Current sentence-level mythic, historical, and other tags
| Passage | Sentence | Bucket | Confidence | Greek | English | Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10.12.1 | 1 | other | high | πέτρα δέ ἐστιν ἀνίσχουσα ὑπὲρ τῆς γῆς· | There is a rock projecting above the ground. | Purely descriptive geography: identifies a rock projecting above the ground. |
| 10.12.1 | 2 | mythic | high | ἐπὶ ταύτῃ Δελφοὶ στᾶσάν φασιν ᾆσαι τοὺς χρησμοὺς γυναῖκα ὄνομα Ἡροφίλην, Σίβυλλαν δὲ ἐπίκλησιν. | The Delphians say that on this rock a woman named Herophile, surnamed the Sibyl, stood to chant her oracles. | Mentions Herophile/Sibyl and her oracles, a legendary figure and mythic tradition. |
| 10.12.1 | 3 | mythic | high | τὴν δὲ πρότερον γενομένην, ταύτην ταῖς μάλιστα ὁμοίως οὖσαν ἀρχαίαν εὕρισκον, ἣν θυγατέρα Ἕλληνες Διὸς καὶ Λαμίας τῆς Ποσειδῶνός φασιν εἶναι, καὶ χρησμούς τε αὐτὴν γυναικῶν πρώτην ᾆσαι καὶ ὑπὸ τῶν Λιβύων Σίβυλλαν λέγουσιν ὀνομασθῆναι. | Examining earlier traditions, I found that this woman was particularly similar to an earlier one whom the Greeks declare to have been the daughter of Zeus and Lamia, herself child of Poseidon, and they say that she was the first woman to chant prophecies and was named Sibyl by the Libyans. | The sentence presents a divine genealogy and an origin-story for the Sibyl, which are mythic traditions. |
| 10.12.2 | 1 | mythic | high | ἡ δὲ Ἡροφίλη νεωτέρα μὲν ἐκείνης, φαίνεται δὲ ὅμως πρὸ τοῦ πολέμου γεγονυῖα καὶ αὕτη τοῦ Τρωικοῦ, | Herophile was younger than that Sibyl, yet she also appears to have lived before the Trojan War. | Herophile is placed in the era before the Trojan War, a mythic time reference. |
| 10.12.2 | 2 | mythic | high | καὶ Ἑλένην τε προεδήλωσεν ἐν τοῖς χρησμοῖς, ὡς ἐπʼ ὀλέθρῳ τῆς Ἀσίας καὶ Εὐρώπης τραφήσοιτο ἐν Σπάρτῃ, καὶ ὡς Ἴλιον ἁλώσεται διʼ αὐτὴν ὑπὸ Ἑλλήνων. | In her prophecies she foretold of Helen, declaring that she would be raised in Sparta for the ruin of Asia and Europe, and that through her Ilium would fall to the Greeks. | The sentence describes a prophecy about Helen and the fall of Ilium, both belonging to mythic tradition. |
| 10.12.2 | 3 | other | high | Δήλιοι δὲ καὶ ὕμνον μέμνηνται τῆς γυναικὸς ἐς Ἀπόλλωνα. | The Delians preserve memory of a hymn composed by this woman addressed to Apollo. | Describes a remembered hymn by the Delians; this is antiquarian/cultural, not a mythic event or historical event. |
| 10.12.2 | 4 | mythic | high | καλεῖ δὲ οὐχ Ἡροφίλην μόνον ἀλλὰ καὶ Ἄρτεμιν ἐν τοῖς ἔπεσιν αὑτήν, καὶ Ἀπόλλωνος γυνὴ γαμετή, τοτὲ δὲ ἀδελφὴ καὶ αὖθις θυγάτηρ φησὶν εἶναι. | In its verses she names herself not only Herophile but also Artemis, and states that sometimes she is Apollo's wife, sometimes his sister, and at other times his daughter. | Refers to Apollo and Artemis and mythic relationships among the gods. |
| 10.12.3 | 1 | mythic | high | ταῦτα μὲν δὴ μαινομένη τε καὶ ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ κάτοχος πεποίηκεν· | She composed these verses while inspired and possessed by the god. | Composition under divine possession is a mythic/religious claim. |
| 10.12.3 | 2 | mythic | high | ἑτέρωθι δὲ εἶπε τῶν χρησμῶν ὡς μητρὸς μὲν ἀθανάτης εἴη μιᾶς τῶν ἐν Ἴδῃ νυμφῶν, πατρὸς δὲ ἀνθρώπου, | Elsewhere in her oracles she says her mother was one of the immortal nymphs of Ida, and her father a mortal man. | Oracle claims divine/heroic parentage involving an immortal nymph, a mythic genealogy. |
| 10.12.3 | 3 | other | high | καὶ οὕτω λέγει τὰ ἔπη· | The verses run as follows: | Introductory formula introducing quoted verse; purely textual, not mythic or historical. |
| 10.12.3 | 4 | mythic | high | εἰμὶ δʼ ἐγὼ γεγαυῖα μέσον θνητοῦ τε θεᾶς τε, νύμφης δʼ ἀθανάτης, πατρὸς δʼ αὖ κητοφάγοιο, μητρόθεν Ἰδογενής, πατρὶς δέ μοί ἐστιν ἐρυθρή Μάρπησσος, μητρὸς ἱερή, ποταμός τʼ Ἀιδωνεύς. | "I am born midway between mortal and goddess, Of an immortal nymph and a father who feeds upon fish, From my mother’s side I am Ida-born, And my fatherland is red Marpessos, sacred to the Mother, And the river Aidoneus." | The sentence presents a mythic genealogy and divine/marvelous origins, with mythic figures shaping identity and place. |
| 10.12.4 | 1 | other | high | ἦν δὲ ἔτι καὶ νῦν ἐν τῇ Ἴδῃ τῇ Τρωικῇ πόλεως Μαρπήσσου τὰ ἐρείπια καὶ ἐν αὐτοῖς οἰκήτορες ὅσον ἑξήκοντα ἄνθρωποι· | Even now on Trojan Ida remain the ruins of the city Marpessos, with inhabitants numbering around sixty people dwelling among them. | Describes current ruins and inhabitants at a location; purely geographical/descriptive, not mythic or historical. |
| 10.12.4 | 2 | other | high | ὑπέρυθρος δὲ πᾶσα ἡ περὶ τὴν Μάρπησσον γῆ καὶ δεινῶς ἐστιν αὐχμώδης, ὥστε καὶ τῷ Ἀϊδωνεῖ ποταμῷ καταδύεσθαί τε ἐς τὴν χώραν καὶ ἀνασχόντι τὸ αὐτὸ αὖθις πάσχειν, τέλος δὲ καὶ ἀφανίζεσθαι κατὰ τῆς γῆς, αἴτιον ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν ἐστιν ὅτι λεπτή τε κατὰ τοῦτο καὶ σηραγγώδης ἐστὶν ἡ Ἴδη. | All the land around Marpessos is of a deep red color and desperately dry, so that even the river Aidoneus sinks underground into this area; and when it eventually re-emerges, it suffers the same fate once more, finally disappearing completely below the earth. | Describes the local landscape and the river's underground disappearance as a geographical feature, not a mythic or historical event. |
| 10.12.4 | 3 | other | high | ἀπέχει δὲ Ἀλεξανδρείας τῆς ἐν τῇ Τρῳάδι τεσσαράκοντα ἡ Μάρπησσος καὶ διακόσια στάδια. | The cause, in my opinion, is that at this point Ida is thin and cavernous. | Purely geographical distance statement and topographical description; no mythic or historical event. |
| 10.12.5 | 1 | mythic | high | τὴν δὲ Ἡροφίλην οἱ ἐν τῇ Ἀλεξανδρείᾳ ταύτῃ νεωκόρον τε τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος γενέσθαι τοῦ Σμινθέως καὶ ἐπὶ τῷ ὀνείρατι τῷ Ἑκάβης χρῆσαί φασιν αὐτὴν ἃ δὴ καὶ ἐπιτελεσθέντα ἴσμεν. | The people of Alexandria say that this Herophile became attendant of Apollo Smintheus, and that she prophesied regarding the dream of Hecuba; we know these things were fulfilled. | Herophile and Hecuba belong to mythic Trojan legend and prophecy. |
| 10.12.5 | 2 | mythic | high | αὕτη ἡ Σίβυλλα ᾤκησε μὲν τὸ πολὺ τοῦ βίου ἐν Σάμῳ, ἀφίκετο δὲ καὶ ἐς Κλάρον τὴν Κολοφωνίων καὶ ἐς Δῆλόν τε καὶ ἐς Δελφούς· | This Sibyl spent most of her life on Samos, but came also to Claros in the land of the Colophonians, as well as to Delos and Delphi. | The Sibyl is a mythic figure, and her movements belong to mythic tradition rather than historical events. |
| 10.12.5 | 3 | mythic | high | ὁπότε δὲ ἀφίκοιτο, ἐπὶ ταύτης ἱσταμένη τῆς πέτρας ᾖδε. | Whenever she arrived at Delphi, she would stand upon this very rock and sing her prophecies. | Describes the Pythia/prophetess at Delphi performing prophetic song, a mythic-religious scene tied to the sanctuary. |
| 10.12.6 | 1 | other | high | τὸ μέντοι χρεὼν αὐτὴν ἐπέλαβεν ἐν τῇ Τρῳάδι, καί οἱ τὸ μνῆμα ἐν τῷ ἄλσει τοῦ Σμινθέως ἐστὶ καὶ ἐλεγεῖον ἐπὶ τῆς στήλης· | But destiny overtook her in the Troad, and her tomb is located within the grove of the Smintheus, bearing upon the column the following elegiac inscription: | Describes a tomb and inscription at a sanctuary location; topographical and antiquarian, not an event. |
| 10.12.6 | 2 | mythic | high | ἅδʼ ἐγὼ ἁ Φοίβοιο σαφηγορίς εἰμι Σίβυλλα τῷδʼ ὑπὸ λαϊνέῳ σάματι κευθομένα, παρθένος αὐδάεσσα τὸ πρίν, νῦν δʼ αἰὲν ἄναυδος, μοίρᾳ ὑπὸ στιβαρᾷ τάνδε λαχοῦσα πέδαν. | "I, who lie hidden beneath this stone tomb, am the Sibyl, the clear-speaking prophetess of Phoebus Apollo, formerly a vocal maiden, now forever silent, having received by stern fate this binding shackle. | The Sibyl is a legendary prophetic figure associated with Apollo, and her burial speaks to a mythic sacred tradition rather than historical event. |
| 10.12.6 | 3 | other | high | ἀλλὰ πέλας Νύμφαισι καὶ Ἑρμῇ τῷδʼ ὑπόκειμαι, μοῖραν ἔχοισα κάτω τᾶς τότʼ ἀνακτορίας. | Near Nymphs and Hermes I rest here below, possessing beneath the earth the lot of one who once was royal." | A funerary/epitaphic statement describing burial near Nymphs and Hermes; descriptive and not an event. |
| 10.12.6 | 4 | other | high | ὁ μὲν δὴ παρὰ τὸ μνῆμα ἕστηκεν Ἑρμῆς λίθου τετράγωνον σχῆμα· | Near this tomb stands Hermes, a square statue of stone. | Purely descriptive: it reports a statue of Hermes near a tomb, with no event or historical narrative. |
| 10.12.6 | 5 | other | high | ἐξ ἀριστερᾶς δὲ ὕδωρ τε κατερχόμενον ἐς κρήνην καὶ τῶν Νυμφῶν ἐστι τὰ ἀγάλματα. | On the left flows water descending into a fountain, and there are images of the Nymphs. | Describes a fountain and images of the Nymphs as landscape/monumental features, not an event. |
| 10.12.7 | 1 | mythic | high | Ἐρυθραῖοι δὲ---ἀμφισβητοῦσι γὰρ τῆς Ἡροφίλης προθυμότατα Ἑλλήνων---Κώρυκόν τε καλούμενον ὄρος καὶ ἐν τῷ ὄρει σπήλαιον ἀποφαίνουσι, τεχθῆναι τὴν Ἡροφίλην ἐν αὐτῷ λέγοντες, Θεοδώρου δὲ ἐπιχωρίου ποιμένος καὶ νύμφης παῖδα εἶναι· | The Erythraeans—who among the Greeks dispute most zealously about Herophile—point out a mountain called Corycus, and in this mountain a cave, claiming that Herophile was born therein and that she was daughter to a local shepherd named Theodorus and a nymph. | Herophile’s birth in a cave to a shepherd and a nymph is a mythic origin story tied to the landscape. |
| 10.12.7 | 2 | other | high | Ἰδαίαν δὲ ἐπίκλησιν γενέσθαι τῇ νύμφῃ κατʼ ἄλλο μὲν οὐδέν, τῶν δὲ χωρίων τὰ δασέα ὑπὸ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἴδας τότε ὀνομάζεσθαι. | They say the name of this nymph was Idaea, named thus for no other reason than that the thickly wooded places were then called “idae” by the inhabitants. | Explains a local naming tradition and landscape etymology, not a mythic event or historical event. |
| 10.12.7 | 3 | other | high | τὸ δὲ ἔπος τὸ ἐς τὴν Μάρπησσον καὶ τὸν ποταμὸν τὸν Ἀϊδωνέα, τοῦτο οἱ Ἐρυθραῖοι τὸ ἔπος ἀφαιροῦσιν ἀπὸ τῶν χρησμῶν. | However, the verse concerning Marpessus and the river Aidoneus, this verse the Erythraeans remove entirely from her oracles. | This is antiquarian commentary about a verse and local oracle tradition, not an event. |
| 10.12.8 | 1 | other | high | τὴν δὲ ἐπὶ ταύτῃ χρησμοὺς κατὰ ταὐτὰ εἰποῦσαν ἐκ Κύμης τῆς ἐν Ὀπικοῖς εἶναι, καλεῖσθαι δὲ αὐτὴν Δημὼ συνέγραψεν Ὑπέροχος ἀνὴρ Κυμαῖος. | Concerning another Sibyl, named Demo, Hyperochus, a man of Cumae, wrote that she came from Cumae in the Opican land, and likewise uttered oracles. | Antiquarian note about a Sibyl’s origin and naming, not a mythic event or post-500 BC historical event. |
| 10.12.8 | 2 | mythic | high | χρησμὸν δὲ οἱ Κυμαῖοι τῆς γυναικὸς ταύτης ἐς οὐδένα εἶχον ἐπιδείξασθαι, λίθου δὲ ὑδρίαν ἐν Ἀπόλλωνος ἱερῷ δεικνύουσιν οὐ μεγάλην, τῆς Σιβύλλης ἐνταῦθα κεῖσθαι φάμενοι τὰ ὀστᾶ. | The people of Cumae, however, had no oracle uttered by this woman to show; but they show in the sanctuary of Apollo a small stone water-jar, saying that the bones of this Sibyl rest there. | Mentions the Sibyl’s bones and a sanctuary object associated with her legendary presence, i.e. mythic material and its cultic landscape. |
| 10.12.9 | 1 | other | high | ἐπετράφη δὲ καὶ ὕστερον τῆς Δημοῦς παρʼ Ἑβραίοις τοῖς ὑπὲρ τῆς Παλαιστίνης γυνὴ χρησμολόγος, ὄνομα δὲ αὐτῇ Σάββη· | Afterwards, among the Hebrews dwelling in Palestine, a woman named Sabbe was also revered as a prophetess. | An antiquarian notice about a prophetess among the Hebrews; descriptive rather than a mythic or post-500 BC historical event. |
| 10.12.9 | 2 | mythic | medium | Βηρόσου δὲ εἶναι πατρὸς καὶ Ἐρυμάνθης μητρός φασι Σάββην· | They say that Sabbe was the daughter of Berosus by her mother Erymanthe. | A genealogical claim about Sabbe and her parentage belongs to mythic/legendary tradition rather than historical or descriptive material. |
| 10.12.9 | 3 | other | high | οἱ δὲ αὐτὴν Βαβυλωνίαν, ἕτεροι δὲ Σίβυλλαν καλοῦσιν Αἰγυπτίαν. | But some assert that she was Babylonian, while others call her the Egyptian Sibyl. | A disputed identification of a Sibyl is antiquarian/identificatory, not a mythic event or historical event. |
| 10.12.10 | 1 | mythic | high | Φαεννὶς δὲ θυγάτηρ βασιλεύσαντος ἀνδρὸς ἐν Χάοσι καὶ αἱ Πέλειαι παρὰ Δωδωναίοις ἐμαντεύσαντο μὲν ἐκ θεοῦ καὶ αὗται, Σίβυλλαι δὲ ὑπὸ ἀνθρώπων οὐκ ἐκλήθησαν. | Phaennis, daughter of a king who ruled among the Chaonians, and also the doves at Dodona, made prophecy inspired by the god; yet none of these was ever called Sibyl by men. | Refers to prophetic figures and doves at Dodona receiving inspiration from the god, a mythic/religious tradition. |
| 10.12.10 | 2 | historical | high | τῆς μὲν δὴ πυθέσθαι τὴν ἡλικίαν καὶ ἐπιλέξασθαι τοὺς χρησμούς Ἀντιόχου γὰρ μετὰ τὸ ἁλῶναι Δημήτριον αὐτίκα ἐς τὴν ἀρχὴν καθισταμένου γέγονε Φαεννίς. | As for Phaennis, we may determine her lifetime by examining her oracles, for she lived when Antiochus succeeded immediately to the throne after Demetrius had been captured. | Refers to a dateable historical lifetime and reign of Antiochus after Demetrius' capture, not mythic or descriptive. |
| 10.12.10 | 3 | mythic | medium | τὰς Πελειάδας δὲ Φημονόης τε ἔτι προτέρας γενέσθαι λέγουσι καὶ ᾆσαι γυναικῶν πρώτας τάδε τὰ ἔπη· | They say the Peleiades lived even earlier than Phemonoe, and that these women were the first to sing these verses: | Refers to the semi-legendary Peleiades and Phemonoe as archaic first singers; this is mythic antiquarian tradition rather than historical fact. |
| 10.12.10 | 4 | mythic | high | Ζεὺς ἦν, Ζεὺς ἐστίν, Ζεὺς ἔσσεται· ὦ μεγάλε Ζεῦ. | "Zeus was, Zeus is, Zeus shall be; O mighty Zeus. | A hymn to Zeus; invokes a divine figure and timeless divine presence, fitting mythic/religious material. |
| 10.12.10 | 5 | other | high | Γᾶ καρποὺς ἀνίει, διὸ κλῄζετε Ματέρα γαῖαν. | Earth produces fruits, so proclaim Earth as mother." | A general descriptive statement about Earth producing fruits; no specific mythic or historical event. |
| 10.12.11 | 1 | mythic | high | χρησμολόγους δὲ ἄνδρας Κύπριόν τε Εὔκλουν καὶ Ἀθηναίους Μουσαῖον τὸν Ἀντιοφήμου καὶ Λύκον τὸν Πανδίονος, τούτους τε γενέσθαι καὶ ἐκ Βοιωτίας Βάκιν φασὶ κατάσχετον ἄνδρα ἐκ νυμφῶν· | It is said that certain men were prophets, including Euclus from Cyprus and from Athens Musaeus the son of Antiophemus and Lycus the son of Pandion, and also Bacis from Boeotia, a man possessed by the nymphs. | The sentence names prophetic figures including Musaeus and Bacis, and describes Bacis as inspired/possessed by the nymphs, which belongs to mythic tradition. |
| 10.12.11 | 2 | other | high | τούτων πλὴν Λύκου τῶν ἄλλων ἐπελεξάμην τοὺς χρησμούς. | Among these prophets that I have mentioned, I have quoted oracles from all except Lycus. | A meta-comment about quoting oracles from named prophets; not itself a mythic or historical event. |
| 10.12.11 | 3 | historical | high | τοσαῦται μὲν ἄχρι ἐμοῦ λέγονται γυναῖκες καὶ ἄνδρες ἐκ θεοῦ μαντεύσασθαι· ἐν δὲ τῷ χρόνῳ τῷ πολλῷ καὶ αὖθις γένοιτο ἂν ἕτερα τοιαῦτα. | Thus far have women and men inspired by the god prophesied down to my own time; but in the more remote future there may again be others who will perform similar deeds. | Refers to prophets and women/men inspired by the god down to the author's own time, with a future continuation; this is post-mythic, historical religious activity. |