Pausanias Analysis

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Chapter 2.34

PassageSentenceBucketConfidenceGreekEnglishRationale
2.34.1 1 other high τῆς δὲ Τροιζηνίας γῆς ἐστιν ἰσθμὸς ἐπὶ πολὺ διέχων ἐς θάλασσαν, ἐν δὲ αὐτῷ πόλισμα οὐ μέγα ἐπὶ θαλάσσῃ Μέθανα ᾤκισται. In the territory of Troezen there is an isthmus which juts far out into the sea, and upon it a small coastal town, Methana, has been built. Purely geographical/topographical description of the Troezenian isthmus and the town Methana.
2.34.1 2 other high Ἴσιδος δὲ ἐνταῦθα ἱερόν ἐστι καὶ ἄγαλμα ἐπὶ τῆς ἀγορᾶς Ἑρμοῦ, τὸ δὲ ἕτερον Ἡρακλέους. Here stands a sanctuary of Isis, and in the marketplace there are images set up, one of Hermes and another of Heracles. Purely descriptive note about sanctuaries and statues in the marketplace, with no event narrative.
2.34.1 3 historical high τοῦ δὲ πολίσματος τριάκοντά που στάδια ἀπέχει θερμὰ λουτρά· φασὶ δὲ Ἀντιγόνου τοῦ Δημητρίου Μακεδόνων βασιλεύοντος τότε πρῶτον τὸ ὕδωρ φανῆναι, φανῆναι δὲ οὐχ ὕδωρ εὐθὺς ἀλλὰ πῦρ ἀναζέσαι πολὺ ἐκ τῆς γῆς, ἐπὶ δὲ τούτῳ μαρανθέντι ῥυῆναι τὸ ὕδωρ, ὃ δὴ καὶ ἐς ἡμᾶς ἄνεισι θερμόν τε καὶ δεινῶς ἁλμυρόν. About thirty stades from this town are hot baths; people say that the water first appeared during the reign of Antigonus, son of Demetrius, who was king of the Macedonians at that time. The hot spring is dated to the reign of Antigonus, a historical Hellenistic king, and its appearance is treated as a historical event affecting the landscape.
2.34.1 4 other high λουσαμένῳ δὲ ἐνταῦθα οὔτε ὕδωρ ἐστὶν ἐγγὺς ψυχρὸν οὔτε ἐσπεσόντα ἐς τὴν θάλασσαν ἀκινδύνως νήχεσθαι· θηρία γὰρ καὶ ἄλλα καὶ κύνας παρέχεται πλείστους. Yet it was not water that immediately appeared, but first a great flame burst forth from the earth, and only when this subsided did the water flow out, which still today comes forth hot and exceedingly salty. Describes the local water, its temperature/saltiness, and nearby hazards; this is geographical/descriptive, not mythic or historical.
2.34.2 1 other high ὃ δὲ ἐθαύμασα ἐν τοῖς Μεθάνοις μάλιστα, γράψω καὶ τοῦτο. I will also record here something at Methana which especially aroused my wonder. Introductory transition about recording a noteworthy thing at Methana; no mythic or historical event is described.
2.34.2 2 other high ἄνεμος ὁ Λὶψ βλαστανούσαις ταῖς ἀμπέλοις ἐμπίπτων ἐκ τοῦ Σαρωνικοῦ κόλπου τὴν βλάστην σφῶν ἀφαυαίνει· Whenever the vines are sprouting, the southwest wind (Lips) blowing in upon them from the Saronic Gulf spoils the young shoots. Describes a local wind and its effect on vines; geographical/descriptive rather than mythic or historical.
2.34.2 3 other high κατιόντος οὖν ἔτι τοῦ πνεύματος ἀλεκτρυόνα τὰ πτερὰ ἔχοντα διὰ παντὸς λευκὰ διελόντες ἄνδρες δύο ἐναντίοι περιθέουσι τὰς ἀμπέλους, ἥμισυ ἑκάτερος τοῦ ἀλεκτρυόνος φέρων· Thus, while the wind is still blowing, two men divide a white rooster—with feathers everywhere entirely white—into two halves, and then run in opposite directions around the vineyard, each one carrying half the bird. Ritual practice and vineyard description; not a mythic event or post-500 BC historical event.
2.34.2 4 mythic medium ἀφικόμενοι δʼ ἐς τὸ αὐτὸ ὅθεν ὡρμήθησαν, κατορύσσουσιν ἐνταῦθα. When they reach again the point from which they set out, they bury the rooster there. Describes a burial rite tied to a ritual story about a rooster, which belongs to mythic narrative rather than history or mere geography.
2.34.3 1 mythic medium τοῦτο μὲν πρὸς τὸν Λίβα σφίσιν ἐστὶν εὑρημένον· τὰς δὲ νησῖδας αἳ πρόκεινται τῆς χώρας ἀριθμὸν ἐννέα οὔσας Πέλοπος μὲν καλοῦσι, This is their device against the southwest wind: the small islands lying in front of this region, nine in number, they call the Islands of Pelops. The islands are named for Pelops, a mythic figure, reflecting mythic naming of the landscape.
2.34.3 2 other high τοῦ θεοῦ δὲ ὕοντος μίαν ἐξ αὐτῶν οὔ φασιν ὕεσθαι. They say that, when the god sends rain, one of these islands alone receives none. A descriptive claim about a local geographic phenomenon, not a mythic or historical event.
2.34.3 3 other high τοῦτο δὲ εἰ τοιοῦτόν ἐστιν οὐκ οἶδα, ἔλεγον δὲ οἱ περὶ τὰ Μέθανα, ἐπεὶ χάλαζάν γε ἤδη θυσίαις εἶδον καὶ ἐπῳδαῖς ἀνθρώπους ἀποτρέποντας. Whether or not this is truly so, I do not know; but so claimed the people at Methana, for indeed I have myself seen men warding off hailstorms by sacrifices and incantations. Describes contemporary local practices and the narrator's observation of ritual hail-warding, not a mythic or post-500 BC historical event.
2.34.4 1 other high τὰ μὲν δὴ Μέθανα ἰσθμός ἐστι τῆς Πελοποννήσου· Methana is indeed an isthmus of the Peloponnesus. Purely geographical description of Methana as an isthmus.
2.34.4 2 other high ἐντὸς δὲ τοῦ ἰσθμοῦ τῆς Τροιζηνίων ὅμορός ἐστιν Ἑρμιόνη. Within this isthmus, Hermione borders upon the territory of Troezen. Purely geographical boundary description of Hermione and Troezen.
2.34.4 3 mythic medium οἰκιστὴν δὲ τῆς ἀρχαίας πόλεως Ἑρμιονεῖς γενέσθαι φασὶν Ἑρμίονα Εὔρωπος. The people of Hermione say that their ancient city was founded by Hermion, son of Europs. Founding of an ancient city by an eponymous hero is a mythic origin tradition.
2.34.4 4 mythic high τὸν δὲ Εὔρωπα ---ἦν γὰρ δὴ Φορωνέως---Ἡροφάνης ὁ Τροιζήνιος ἔφασκεν εἶναι νόθον· οὐ γὰρ δή ποτε ἐς Ἄργον τὸν Νιόβης θυγατριδοῦν ὄντα Φορωνέως τὴν ἐν Ἄργει περιελθεῖν ἂν ἀρχὴν παρόντος Φορωνεῖ γνησίου παιδός. Now, Herophanes of Troezen stated that Europs—who was a son of Phoroneus—was illegitimate; for it was never likely, he said, that Argos, the grandson of Niobe and descendant of Phoroneus, would have come to rule in Argos, had there been a legitimate son of Phoroneus still alive. Genealogical claim about Phoroneus, Niobe, Argos, and Europs; this is mythic/legendary lineage rather than historical fact.
2.34.5 1 mythic high ἐγὼ δέ, εἰ καὶ γνήσιον ὄντα Εὔρωπα πρότερον τὸ χρεὼν ἢ Φορωνέα ἐπέλαβεν, εὖ οἶδα ὡς οὐκ ἔμελλεν ὁ παῖς αὐτῷ Νιόβης παιδὶ ἴσα οἴσεσθαι Διός γε εἶναι δοκοῦντι. But as for me, even if Europs was truly genuine but was overtaken by destiny earlier than Phoroneus, I am quite certain that his son would still not have been considered equal to the son of Niobe, who was believed to be of Zeus. Refers to mythic genealogy and divine parentage (Niobe, Zeus), not historical or geographical material.
2.34.5 2 historical medium ἐπῴκησαν δὲ καὶ Ἑρμιόνα ὕστερον Δωριεῖς οἱ ἐξ Ἄργους· πόλεμον δὲ οὐ δοκῶ γενέσθαι σφίσιν, ἐλέγετο γὰρ ἂν ὑπὸ Ἀργείων. Later, the Dorians who arrived from Argos also settled Hermione; and I do not think there was war between them, for it would have been mentioned by the Argives. Refers to Dorian settlement from Argos, a post-mythic historical migration/colonization.
2.34.6 1 mythic high ἔστι δὲ ὁδὸς ἔς Ἑρμιόνα ἐκ Τροιζῆνος κατὰ τὴν πέτραν ἣ πρότερον μὲν ἐκαλεῖτο Σθενίου Διὸς βωμός, μετὰ δὲ Θησέα ἀνελόμενον τὰ γνωρίσματα ὀνομάζουσιν οἱ νῦν Θησέως αὐτήν. The road from Troezen to Hermione passes by a rock, which was formerly called the Altar of Zeus Sthenius, but after Theseus took up the tokens (left there), people today call it the Rock of Theseus. The rock’s renaming is tied to Theseus retrieving the tokens, a mythic event affecting the landscape's name.
2.34.6 2 other high κατὰ ταύτην οὖν τὴν πέτραν ἰοῦσιν ὀρεινὴν ὁδόν, ἔστι μὲν Ἀπόλλωνος ἐπίκλησιν Πλατανιστίου ναός, ἔστι δὲ Εἰλεοὶ χωρίον, ἐν δὲ αὐτῷ Δήμητρος καὶ Κόρης τῆς Δήμητρος ἱερά· Alongside this rock, as one continues along the mountainous road, there is a temple to Apollo, surnamed Platanistius, and also a place called Eileoi, in which there are sanctuaries of Demeter and of her daughter Kore. This is a topographical and descriptive sentence listing a road, temple, and local sanctuary sites, not an event.
2.34.6 3 other high τὰ δὲ πρὸς θάλασσαν ἐν ὅροις τῆς Ἑρμιονίδος ἱερὸν Δήμητρός ἐστιν ἐπίκλησιν Θερμασίας. Near the sea, at the borders of the territory of Hermione, there is also a sanctuary of Demeter, who is surnamed Thermasia. Purely geographic/descriptive notice of a sanctuary location and epithet, with no mythic or historical event.
2.34.7 1 mythic high σταδίους δὲ ὀγδοήκοντα ἀπέχει μάλιστα ἄκρα Σκυλλαῖον ἀπὸ τῆς Νίσου καλουμένη θυγατρός. Cape Scyllaeum lies at a distance of approximately eighty stades from the island named after the daughter of Nisus. The place is identified by a mythic figure, the daughter of Nisus, and the geography is tied to that mythic naming.
2.34.7 2 mythic high ὡς γὰρ δὴ τὴν Νίσαιαν ὁ Μίνως καὶ τὰ Μέγαρα εἷλεν ἐκείνης προδούσης, οὔτε γυναῖκα ἕξειν αὐτὴν ἔτι ἔφασκε καὶ προσέταξε τοῖς Κρησὶν ἐκβάλλειν τῆς νεώς· ἀποθανοῦσαν δὲ ἀπέρριψεν ἐς τὴν ἄκραν ταύτην ὁ κλύδων. For when Minos captured Nisaia and Megara through this woman's betrayal, he declared that she would no longer be his wife, and commanded the Cretans to cast her out from their ship; when she died, the waves cast her body onto this promontory. Minos capturing Megara through betrayal and the body washed ashore are mythic narrative events.
2.34.7 3 mythic high τάφον δὲ οὐκ ἀποφαίνουσιν αὐτῆς, ἀλλὰ περιοφθῆναι τὸν νεκρόν φασι διαφορηθέντα ὑπὸ τῶν ἐκ θαλάσσης ὀρνίθων. They show no tomb for her, but say that her corpse was seen lying there and was torn apart by seabirds. Describes a mythic corpse and its destruction by seabirds, an etiological detail about the landscape/mythic figure rather than history.
2.34.8 1 other high ἀπὸ δὲ Σκυλλαίου πλέοντι ὡς ἐπὶ τὴν πόλιν ἄκρα τέ ἐστιν ἑτέρα Βουκέφαλα καὶ μετὰ τὴν ἄκραν νῆσοι, πρώτη μὲν Ἁλιοῦσσα---παρέχεται δὲ αὕτη λιμένα ἐνορμίσασθαι ναυσὶν ἐπιτήδειον---, μετὰ δὲ Πιτυοῦσσα, τρίτη δὲ ἣν Ἀριστερὰν ὀνομάζουσι. From Scyllaeum, sailing toward the city, there is another promontory called Bucephala, and past this cape there are islands: the first is Halioussa—which provides a harbor that is suitable for ships to anchor—after this is Pityoussa, and the third island is called Aristera. Purely geographical sailing directions and description of capes and islands.
2.34.8 2 other high ταύτας δὲ παραπλεύσαντί ἐστιν αὖθις ἄκρα Κωλυεργία ἀνέχουσα ἐκ τῆς ἠπείρου, μετὰ δὲ αὐτὴν νῆσος Τρίκρανα καλουμένη καὶ ὄρος ἐς θάλασσαν ἀπὸ τῆς Πελοποννήσου προβεβλημένον Βούπορθμος. Sailing past these islands there is another promontory extending from the mainland, named Colyergia, and then, after it, an island called Tricrana, and a mountain projecting into the sea from the Peloponnese, named Buporthmus. Purely geographical/route description of promontories, island, and mountain.
2.34.8 3 other high ἐν Βουπόρθμῳ δὲ πεποίηται μὲν ἱερὸν Δήμητρος καὶ τῆς παιδός, πεποίηται δὲ Ἀθηνᾶς· At Buporthmus, sanctuaries have been constructed for Demeter and her daughter, and also one for Athena. A route/geographical note listing sanctuaries at Buporthmus, not a mythic event or post-500 BC historical event.
2.34.9 1 other high ἐπίκλησις δέ ἐστι τῇ θεῷ Προμαχόρμα. The goddess bears the surname Promachorma. A cult epithet/name of the goddess; descriptive religious antiquarian material, not a mythic event or historical event.
2.34.9 2 other high πρόκειται δὲ Βουπόρθμου νῆσος Ἀπεροπία καλουμένη, τῆς δὲ Ἀπεροπίας ἀφέστηκεν οὐ πολὺ ἑτέρα νῆσος Ὑδρέα. In front lies the island of Aperopia, belonging to Buporthmus; not far from Aperopia lies another island called Hydrea. Purely geographical description of islands and their relative positions.
2.34.9 3 other high μετὰ ταύτην αἰγιαλός τε παρήκει τῆς ἠπείρου μηνοειδὴς καὶ ἀκτὴ μετὰ τὸν αἰγιαλὸν ἐπὶ Ποσείδιον, ἐκ θαλάσσης μὲν ἀρχομένη τῆς πρὸς ἀνατολάς, προήκουσα δὲ ὡς ἐπὶ τὴν ἑσπέραν· Beyond this island, on the mainland, the coast curves like a crescent, after which extends a headland running out from the shore towards Poseidion, beginning from the sea on the east side and projecting toward the west. Purely geographical description of coastline and headland.
2.34.9 4 other high ἔχει δὲ καὶ λιμένας ἐν αὑτῇ. It has harbors within it. Purely geographical/descriptive note about the place's harbors, with no mythic or historical event.
2.34.9 5 other high μῆκος μὲν δὴ τῆς ἀκτῆς ἐστιν ἑπτά που στάδια, πλάτος δὲ ᾗ πλατυτάτη σταδίων τριῶν οὐ πλέον. The length of this headland is about seven stades, but where it is widest, it does not exceed three stades in breadth. Purely geographical description of the headland’s measurements.
2.34.10 1 other high ἐνταῦθα ἡ προτέρα πόλις τοῖς Ἑρμιονεῦσιν ἦν. Here the Hermionians had their former city. A simple geographical/antiquarian note about the site of the former city, not a mythic or historical event.
2.34.10 2 other high ἔστι δέ σφισι καὶ νῦν ἔτι ἱερὰ αὐτόθι, Ποσειδῶνος μὲν ἐπὶ τῆς ἀκτῆς τῇ ἀρχῇ, προελθοῦσι δὲ ἀπὸ θαλάσσης ἐς τὰ μετέωρα ναὸς Ἀθηνᾶς, Even now there still remain sacred places there: at the very beginning, a sanctuary of Poseidon situated beside the shore; and farther on from the sea, ascending into the higher ground, a temple of Athena. Describes existing sacred sites and their location on the route, not a mythic or historical event.
2.34.10 3 mythic high παρὰ δὲ αὐτῷ σταδίου θεμέλια· ἐν δὲ αὐτῷ τοὺς Τυνδάρεω παῖδας ἀγωνίσασθαι λέγουσιν. Beside this temple are the foundations of a stadium, and they say that the sons of Tyndareus competed in that place. Refers to the sons of Tyndareus (the Dioscuri), a mythic association with the stadium.
2.34.10 4 other high ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἕτερον οὐ μέγα τῆς Ἀθηνᾶς ἱερόν, ὁ δὲ ὄροφος κατερρύηκεν αὐτῷ. There is also another sanctuary of Athena, smaller, whose roof has collapsed; A descriptive note about a sanctuary's size and roof condition; no mythic or historical event.
2.34.10 5 other high καὶ Ἡλίῳ ναὸς καὶ ἄλλος Χάρισιν, as well as a temple to Helios and another to the Graces. A temple listing is topographical/descriptive material, not a mythic or historical event.
2.34.10 6 historical high ὁ δὲ Σαράπιδι ᾠκοδόμηται καὶ Ἴσιδι· There is also one temple built for Sarapis and Isis; A temple to Sarapis and Isis is a cultic/antiquarian description of a historical sanctuary, not a mythic event.
2.34.10 7 other high καὶ περίβολοι μεγάλων λίθων λογάδων εἰσίν, ἐντὸς δὲ αὐτῶν ἱερὰ δρῶσιν ἀπόρρητα Δήμητρι. moreover, enclosures composed of large, selected stones exist, within which the Hermionians perform secret rites in honor of Demeter. Describes enclosures and secret rites at a sanctuary, a cultic/antiquarian detail rather than a mythic event or post-500 BC historical event.
2.34.11 1 other high τοσαῦτα μὲν Ἑρμιονεῦσίν ἐστιν ἐνταῦθα· So much, then, for the local things of the Hermioneans. A summary transition about local matters, not a mythic or historical event.
2.34.11 2 other high ἡ δὲ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν πόλις ἀπέχει μὲν τῆς ἄκρας, ἐφʼ ᾗ τοῦ Ποσειδῶνος τὸ ἱερόν, τέσσαρας μάλιστα σταδίους, κειμένη δὲ ἐν ὁμαλῷ τὰ πρῶτα ἠρέμα ἐς πρόσαντες ἄνεισι, τὸ δέ ἐστιν ἤδη τοῦ Πρωνός· The city of my own time lies about four stades away from the headland on which the temple of Poseidon stands. Topographical description of the city’s location relative to the headland and temple, not a mythic or historical event.
2.34.11 3 other high Πρῶνα γὰρ τὸ ὄρος τοῦτο ὀνομάζουσι. Situated on level ground at first, it then gently ascends to a slope, already forming part of Pron. Purely geographical/topographical description of the mountain’s name and shape.
2.34.11 4 other high τεῖχος μὲν δὴ περὶ πᾶσαν τὴν Ἑρμιόνα ἕστηκε· For they call this mountain Pron. A simple geographical/descriptive statement about the wall surrounding Hermione.
2.34.11 5 other high τὰ δὲ ἐς συγγραφὴν καὶ ἄλλα παρείχετο καὶ ὧν αὐτὸς ποιήσασθαι μάλιστα ἠξίωσα μνήμην. A wall surrounds the whole of Hermione. Descriptive/editorial remark about what the author chose to include in the writing, not a mythic or historical event.
2.34.11 6 other high Ἀφροδίτης ναός ἐστιν ἐπίκλησιν Ποντίας καὶ Λιμενίας τῆς αὐτῆς, ἄγαλμα δὲ λευκοῦ λίθου μεγέθει τε μέγα καὶ ἐπὶ τῇ τέχνῃ θέας ἄξιον. Other things were offered to description, but above all I thought most worthy of mention the temple of Aphrodite, surnamed Pontia (of the Sea) and Limenia (of the Harbor), which contains an image of white marble, great in size and remarkable in artistic workmanship. Describes a temple and cult statue with epithets, an antiquarian/topographical detail rather than a mythic or historical event.
2.34.12 1 other high καὶ ναὸς ἕτερός ἐστιν Ἀφροδίτης· αὕτη καὶ ἄλλας ἔχει παρὰ Ἑρμιονέων τιμάς, καὶ ταῖς παρθένοις καὶ ἢν γυνὴ χηρεύουσα παρὰ ἄνδρα μέλλῃ φοιτᾶν, ἁπάσαις πρὸ γάμου θύειν καθέστηκεν ἐνταῦθα. There is also another temple of Aphrodite, who among the people of Hermione receives special honors besides; it has been established here as customary that all maidens, as well as widows intending to remarry, must sacrifice to her before their wedding. Describes a temple and local ritual custom, not a mythic event or historical event.
2.34.12 2 other high Δήμητρος δὲ ἱερὰ πεποίηται Θερμασίας, τὸ μὲν ἐπὶ τοῖς πρὸς τὴν Τροιζηνίαν ὅροις, ὡς ἐστὶν εἰρημένον ἤδη μοι, τὸ δὲ καὶ ἐν αὐτῇ τῇ πόλει. Sanctuaries of Demeter Thermasia have been erected, one on the borders toward Troezenia, as I have already mentioned, and another within the city itself. Describes the location of sanctuaries and a city boundary, a geographical/antiquarian note rather than a mythic or historical event.