Current sentence-level mythic, historical, and other tags
| Passage | Sentence | Bucket | Confidence | Greek | English | Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.11.1 | 1 | historical | high | πέμπτῳ δὲ ἔτει τῆς Ἀριστοδήμου βασιλείας μελλόντων ἐκ προρρήσεως συμβολὴν ποιήσεσθαι---τῷ τε γὰρ μήκει τοῦ πολέμου καὶ τοῖς δαπανήμασιν ἀπειρήκεσαν---οὕτω παρεγένοντο ἀμφοτέροις καὶ οἱ σύμμαχοι, Λακεδαιμονίοις μὲν Κορίνθιοι Πελοποννησίων μόνοι, τοῖς δὲ Μεσσηνίοις οἵ τε Ἀρκάδες πανστρατιᾷ καὶ Ἀργείων καὶ Σικυωνίων λογάδες. | In the fifth year of Aristodemus's reign, as both sides were about to engage in a decisive confrontation due to a prophecy—for they had grown weary because of the war’s duration and its costs—the allies on each side assembled accordingly. | Dates a war event in Aristodemus's reign and describes allies assembling for battle, which is historical narrative. |
| 4.11.1 | 2 | historical | high | Λακεδαιμόνιοι μὲν οὖν Κορινθίοις καὶ τοῖς εἵλωσι καὶ ὅσοι περίοικοι συνεστρατεύοντο τὸ μέσον ἐπιτρέψαντες, ἐπὶ τοῖς κέρασιν αὐτοί τε καὶ οἱ βασιλεῖς ἐτάσσοντο βαθείᾳ τε ὡς οὔπω πρότερον καὶ πυκνῇ τῇ φάλαγγι. | To the Lacedaemonians came only the Corinthians from among the Peloponnesians, while to the Messenians came the Arcadians in full force and select troops from the Argives and Sicyonians. | Describes the composition and deployment of forces in a historical battle, not myth or geography. |
| 4.11.2 | 1 | historical | high | τῷ δὲ Ἀριστοδήμῳ καὶ τοῖς περὶ αὐτὸν διετάχθη τὰ ἐς τὴν μάχην οὕτως. | The arrangements Aristodemus made for himself and his followers regarding the coming battle were thus: | Refers to battle preparations by Aristodemus, a post-mythic historical event. |
| 4.11.2 | 2 | historical | high | ὅσοι τῶν Ἀρκάδων ἢ τῶν Μεσσηνίων τὰ μὲν σώματα ἦσαν ἐρρωμένοι καὶ ἀγαθοὶ τὰς ψυχάς, ὅπλα δὲ οὐκ εἶχον ἰσχυρά, τούτοις τῶν ὅπλων τὰ χρησιμώτατα ἐπέλεξε, καὶ ὡς τὸ ἔργον ἤπειγεν, ὁμοῦ τοῖς Ἀργείοις καὶ Σικυωνίοις καὶ τούτους ἔτασσε· | Those Arcadians and Messenians who were physically strong and courageous, but whose equipment was not effective, he selected for them the most useful arms available; and since the urgency of the task was pressing, he stationed these men together with the Argives and Sicyonians. | Describes the organization of Arcadians, Messenians, Argives, and Sicyonians into armed forces; this is a historical military action rather than myth or geography. |
| 4.11.2 | 3 | historical | high | τὴν δὲ φάλαγγα ἐπὶ πλέον ἥπλωσεν, ὡς μὴ κυκλωθεῖεν ὑπὸ τῶν ἐναντίων. | He further extended the phalanx to avoid encirclement by the enemy. | Describes a tactical military maneuver in a historical battle context. |
| 4.11.2 | 4 | other | high | προείδετο δὲ καὶ ὅπως τεταγμένοις σφίσι τὸ ὄρος ἡ Ἰθώμη κατὰ νώτου γίνοιτο. | He also took precaution to position them so that Mount Ithome would lie at their backs. | Military positioning and topographical description, not mythic or post-500 BC historical event |
| 4.11.2 | 5 | historical | high | καὶ τούτοις μὲν Κλέοννιν ἐπέταξεν ἡγεμόνα· | Over these troops he appointed Cleonnis as their commander. | Appointment of a commander is a historical/political action, not mythic or merely descriptive. |
| 4.11.3 | 1 | other | high | αὐτὸς δὲ καὶ ὁ Δᾶμις ὑπέμενον ἔχοντες τοὺς ψιλούς, σφενδονήτας μὲν ἢ τοξότας ὀλίγους, ὁ δὲ ὄχλος ὁ πολὺς τοῖς τε σώμασιν ἦσαν ἐς τὰς ἐπιδρομὰς καὶ ἀναχωρήσεις ἐπιτήδειοι καὶ τῇ ὁπλίσει κοῦφοι· | Damis himself and his men stood firm, supported by their lightly armed troops, among whom there were very few slingers or archers; the great majority were fit physically for swift charges and withdrawals, lightly equipped. | Military description of troop composition and movements; no mythic or historical event. |
| 4.11.3 | 2 | other | high | θώρακα γὰρ ἢ ἀσπίδα εἶχεν οὐχ ἕκαστος, ὅσοι δὲ ἠπόρουν τούτων, περιεβέβληντο αἰγῶν νάκας καὶ προβάτων, οἱ δὲ καὶ θηρίων δέρματα καὶ μάλιστα οἱ ὀρεινοὶ τῶν Ἀρκάδων λύκων τε καὶ ἄρκτων. | Not every one of them possessed a breastplate or shield, and those who were lacking these protective arms wrapped themselves in the fleeces of goats and sheep; some even wore the skins of wild animals, especially the mountain-dwelling Arcadians, who favored wolves' and bears' skins. | Describes the appearance and equipment of Arcadian troops, a non-mythic, descriptive detail. |
| 4.11.4 | 1 | other | high | ἀκόντια δὲ ἕκαστος πολλά, οἱ δὲ καὶ λόγχας αὐτῶν ἔφερον. | Each carried many javelins, and some bore spears also. | Simple description of weapons carried; no mythic or historical event. |
| 4.11.4 | 2 | historical | high | καὶ οὗτοι μὲν ἐλόχων τῆς Ἰθώμης ἔνθα ἔμελλον ἥκιστα ἔσεσθαι σύνοπτοι· | These men lay in ambush on Ithome, where they would least likely be spotted. | Refers to an ambush during a historical military action, not mythic narrative. |
| 4.11.4 | 3 | historical | high | οἱ δὲ ὁπλῖται τῶν Μεσσηνίων καὶ συμμάχων τήν τε ἔφοδον τὴν πρώτην τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων ὑπέμειναν καὶ μετὰ τοῦτο ἦσαν ἤδη καὶ τὰ ἄλλα ἀνδρεῖοι. | Meanwhile, the Messenian hoplites and their allies met the first charge of the Lacedaemonians, and thereafter too showed notable bravery. | Describes a battle action involving the Messenian and Lacedaemonian forces, i.e. a historical military event. |
| 4.11.4 | 4 | other | high | ἀριθμῷ μὲν δὴ τῶν ἐναντίων ἀπελείποντο, λογάδες δὲ ὄντες ἐμάχοντο πρὸς δῆμον καὶ οὐχ ὁμοίως πρὸς κρείττους, ᾗ καὶ μᾶλλον τῇ τε ἄλλῃ προθυμίᾳ καὶ ταῖς ἐμπειρίαις ἐπὶ πολὺ ἀντεῖχον. | Certainly they were inferior in numbers to their opponents, yet being chosen men, they fought against the common soldiers and not equally against their betters, which accounted largely for how long they resisted, aided further by their zeal and experience. | Describes the tactics and endurance of combatants in a battle, without a specific mythic or dated historical event. |
| 4.11.5 | 1 | historical | high | ἐνταῦθα καὶ ὁ στρατὸς τῶν Μεσσηνίων ὁ εὔζωνος, ἀφʼ οὗ καὶ τούτοις ἤρθη τὰ σημεῖα, ἐχρῶντο ἐπὶ τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους δρόμῳ καὶ περιστάντες ἠκόντιζον ἐς τὰ πλάγια· | Here too stood the Messenian light-armed troops, from whom the signals were now raised; these dashed forward at the Lacedaemonians, surrounded them at a run, and hurled javelins against their flanks. | Describes a battle action involving Messenians and Lacedaemonians, a historical military event rather than myth or geography. |
| 4.11.5 | 2 | historical | low | ὅσοις δὲ καὶ ἐπὶ πλέον μετῆν τόλμης, προσέθεόν τε καὶ ἔτυπτον ἐκ χειρός. | Those who had greater daring rushed closer and struck them hand-to-hand. | Describes combat action in a narrative context, likely a later historical event rather than myth or geography. |
| 4.11.5 | 3 | historical | high | οἱ δὲ Λακεδαιμόνιοι, κίνδυνόν σφισι δεύτερον ἐν τῷ αὐτῷ καὶ οὕτως ἀνέλπιστον ὁρῶντες παρόντα, ὅμως οὔτε ἐταράχθησαν ἐπιστρεφόμενοί τε ἐς τοὺς ψιλοὺς ἀμύνεσθαι μὲν ἐπειρῶντο, | The Lacedaemonians, seeing themselves thus confronted by an unexpected danger, now for a second time in the same place, nevertheless remained undisturbed and turned back against the skirmishers, attempting defence. | Describes a battle action involving the Lacedaemonians, a post-mythic historical military event. |
| 4.11.5 | 4 | historical | medium | διὰ δὲ τὴν κουφότητα οὐ χαλεπῶς ἀποφευγόντων ἀπορία τοῖς Λακεδαιμονίοις καὶ ἀπʼ αὐτῆς ἤδη καὶ ὀργὴ γίνεται. | Yet, as the enemy easily avoided them owing to their agility, the Spartans fell into confusion and consequently grew angry. | Describes a battle event involving the Spartans, a post-mythic historical military episode. |
| 4.11.6 | 1 | other | high | πεφύκασι δέ πως οἱ ἄνθρωποι μάλιστα ἔχειν ἀκρατῶς πρὸς τὰ παρʼ ἀξίαν· | There is by nature, it seems, a certain tendency among humans to feel especially unrestrained toward anything they regard as undeserved. | General observation about human nature, not mythic or historical. |
| 4.11.6 | 2 | historical | high | καὶ δὴ καὶ τότε οἵ τε ἤδη τραύματα τῶν Σπαρτιατῶν εἰληφότες καὶ ὅσοι κειμένων τῶν παραστατῶν ἐγίνοντο πρὸς τὴν ἔφοδον τῶν ψιλῶν πρῶτοι προεξέθεόν τε, ὁπότε ἴδοιεν ἐπιφερομένους τοὺς ψιλούς, καὶ ὑπὸ θυμοῦ μακροτέρας τὰς διώξεις ἐποιοῦντο ἀποχωρούντων. | And indeed, at that time, those of the Spartans who had already received wounds and those who stood in ranks where comrades had fallen were foremost in rushing forward against the attacks of the light-armed troops, whenever they saw them approaching; and carried away by passion, they pursued them far too eagerly when they retreated. | Describes Spartan military action in a battle, which is historical rather than mythic or descriptive. |
| 4.11.6 | 3 | historical | high | οἱ δὲ ψιλοὶ τῶν Μεσσηνίων ὡς τὸ πρῶτον ἤρξαντο, κατὰ χώραν τε μένοντας ἔτυπτον καὶ ἐσηκόντιζον καὶ διωκόντων ἔφθανον ἀποφεύγοντες καὶ πειρωμένοις ἀναστρέφειν αὖθις ἐπῄεσαν. | At first, the Messenian skirmishers began by striking and hurling missiles at the Spartans standing their ground; then, fleeing swiftly, they repeatedly evaded pursuit and, if their pursuers attempted to turn back, attacked again. | Describes a battle action involving Messenians and Spartans, i.e. a historical military event. |
| 4.11.7 | 1 | other | high | ταῦτα δὲ ἔδρων σποράδην καὶ ἄλλοι κατʼ ἄλλο τῆς τῶν ἐναντίων τάξεως· | These deeds they carried out scatteredly, each group acting differently from the arrangement of their opponents. | Describes the manner of action in a battle formation, without a specific mythic or post-500 BC historical event. |
| 4.11.7 | 2 | historical | high | οἵ τε ὁπλῖται τῶν Μεσσηνίων καὶ συμμάχων θρασύτερον ἐν τῷ τοιῷδε τοῖς κατὰ στόμα αὐτῶν ἐπέκειντο. | The hoplites of the Messenians and their allies, emboldened by such circumstances, pressed harder upon those arrayed opposite them. | Describes a battle action involving the Messenians and their allies, a historical military event. |
| 4.11.7 | 3 | historical | high | τέλος δὲ οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι τῷ τε χρόνῳ καὶ τοῖς τραύμασιν ἀπαγορεύοντες καὶ ἅμα παρὰ τὸ εἰωθὸς ὑπὸ τῶν ψιλῶν ταρασσόμενοι διαλύουσι τὴν τάξιν· | Finally, the Lacedaemonians, overcome by exhaustion and their wounds, and at the same time unusually disturbed by the assaults of the light-armed troops, broke their ranks. | Describes a battle outcome and military action, an event in historical narrative after 500 BC. |
| 4.11.7 | 4 | historical | high | τραπέντων δέ, ἐνταῦθά σφισι πλείω παρεῖχον κακὰ οἱ ψιλοί. | After they had turned to flight, the light-armed soldiers inflicted even greater harm upon them. | Describes a military action in a historical battle context, not a mythic event. |
| 4.11.8 | 1 | historical | low | τοὺς δὲ τῶν Λακεδαιμονίων διαφθαρέντας ἐν τῇ μάχῃ συλλαβεῖν μὲν οὐχ οἷά τε ἦν ἀριθμῷ, πείθομαι δὲ εἶναι καὶ αὐτὸς πολλούς. | As for how many Lacedaemonians fell in the battle, it was impossible to ascertain their number exactly, though I myself am persuaded that they were numerous. | Refers to casualties in a battle, a post-mythic historical event. |
| 4.11.8 | 2 | historical | high | ἡ δὲ οἴκαδε ἀναχώρησις τοῖς μὲν ἄλλοις καθʼ ἡσυχίαν, Κορινθίοις δὲ ἔμελλεν ἔσεσθαι χαλεπή· διὰ πολεμίας γὰρ ἐγίνετο ὁμοίως διά τε τῆς Ἀργείας πειρωμένοις καὶ παρὰ Σικυῶνα ἀνασωθῆναι. | The return journey home was peaceful for most, but it was destined to be difficult for the Corinthians; for their route passed through hostile territory, as they attempted alike to reach safety both through the Argive land and by way of Sicyon. | Describes the historical retreat route through hostile territory, not mythic material. |