Current sentence-level mythic, historical, and other tags
| Passage | Sentence | Bucket | Confidence | Greek | English | Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.27.1 | 1 | mythic | medium | τὸ δὲ τῶν Τυνδάρεω παίδων μήνιμα ἐς τοὺς Μεσσηνίους ἤρξατο μὲν πρὸ τῆς ἐν Στενυκλήρῳ μάχης, γενέσθαι δὲ αὐτὸ διʼ αἰτίαν τοιάνδε εἰκάζω. | The anger of the sons of Tyndareus against the Messenians began before the battle at Stenyclarus, and I judge it arose from the following cause. | References the anger of the sons of Tyndareus, a mythic causal explanation for later events. |
| 4.27.1 | 2 | historical | high | μειράκια ὡραῖα ἐξ Ἀνδανίας, Πάνορμος καὶ Γώνιππος, τά τε ἄλλα οἰκείως εἶχον ἀλλήλοις καὶ κοινὰς ἐπὶ τὰς μάχας ἐξόδους καὶ καταδρομὰς ἐποιοῦντο ἐς τὴν Λακωνικήν. | Two handsome youths from Andania, Panormus and Gonippus, were closely attached to one another in all respects and regularly made joint expeditions and raids into Laconian territory. | Refers to raids into Laconian territory, an historical military activity rather than mythic material. |
| 4.27.2 | 1 | historical | high | Λακεδαιμονίων δὲ ἐπὶ στρατοπέδου Διοσκούροις ἑορτὴν ἀγόντων καὶ ἤδη πρὸς πότον καὶ παιδιὰς τετραμμένων μετὰ τὸ ἄριστον, ὁ Γώνιππος καὶ ὁ Πάνορμος χιτῶνας λευκοὺς καὶ χλαμύδας πορφυρᾶς ἐνδύντες ἐπί τε ἵππων τῶν καλλίστων ὀχούμενοι καὶ ἐπὶ ταῖς κεφαλαῖς πίλους, ἐν δὲ ταῖς χερσὶ δόρατα ἔχοντες ἐπιφαίνονται Λακεδαιμονίοις. | While the Lacedaemonians were celebrating a festival in honor of the Dioscuri in their encampment, and had already turned after the midday meal toward drinking and amusements, Gonippus and Panormus appeared before them, dressed in white tunics and purple cloaks, riding upon most distinguished horses, with piloi on their heads and holding spears in their hands. | Describes Lacedaemonians at a festival and the appearance of named figures in a non-mythic narrative context; no mythic event is being recounted. |
| 4.27.2 | 2 | mythic | high | οἱ δὲ ὡς εἶδον, προσεκύνουν τε καὶ εὔχοντο, ἀφῖχθαι δοκοῦντές σφισιν αὐτοὺς ἐς τὴν θυσίαν τοὺς Διοσκούρους. | When the Lacedaemonians saw them, they worshipped and prayed, thinking that the Dioscuri themselves had arrived at their sacrifice. | The sentence describes the Dioscuri appearing to worshippers, a mythic divine manifestation. |
| 4.27.3 | 1 | historical | high | οἱ νεανίσκοι δὲ ὡς ἅπαξ ἀνεμίχθησαν, διεξήλαυνον διὰ πάντων παίοντες τοῖς δόρασι, καὶ ἤδη κειμένων πολλῶν ἀποχωροῦσιν ἐς Ἀνδανίαν, καθυβρίσαντες τῶν Διοσκούρων τῇ θυσίᾳ. | But when the young men had once mingled with the crowd, they charged through everyone, striking them with spears, and after many had fallen, withdrew to Andania, having thus grievously insulted the festival of the Dioscuri. | Describes a concrete violent incident involving young men and a festival, not a mythic event. |
| 4.27.3 | 2 | mythic | high | τοῦτο ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν προήγαγε τοὺς Διοσκούρους ἐς τὸ ἔχθος τὸ Μεσσηνίων· | This event, it seems to me, first stirred the Dioscuri to hatred of the Messenians. | Refers to the Dioscuri and their mythic hatred of the Messenians, an effect of mythic action. |
| 4.27.3 | 3 | mythic | high | τότε δέ, ὡς ἐδήλου τῷ Ἐπαμινώνδᾳ τὸ ὄνειρον, οὐκ ἦν ἔτι τοῖς Διοσκούροις ἀκούσιος τῶν Μεσσηνίων ἡ κάθοδος. | Therefore, at the time when Epaminondas was given his dream, the return of the Messenians was no longer against the will of the Dioscuri. | Refers to Epaminondas' dream and the Dioscuri's divine approval, a mythic/religious event affecting the Messenians' return. |
| 4.27.4 | 1 | historical | medium | μάλιστα δὲ τὸν Ἐπαμινώνδαν ἐς τὸν οἰκισμὸν οἱ Βάκιδος ἐνῆγον χρησμοί. | It was above all Bacis's oracles that led Epaminondas towards the founding of the city. | Refers to Epaminondas and the founding of a city, guided by oracles in a historical context after 500 BC. |
| 4.27.4 | 2 | mythic | high | Βάκιδι γὰρ μανέντι ἐκ Νυμφῶν ἐς ἄλλους τέ ἐστιν Ἑλλήνων καὶ ἐς τὴν Μεσσηνίων κάθοδον προειρημένα καὶ τότε δὴ Σπάρτης μὲν ἀπʼ ἀγλαὸν ἄνθος ὀλεῖται, Μεσσήνη δʼ αὖτις οἰκήσεται ἤματα πάντα. | For Bacis, inspired by the Nymphs, had uttered predictions concerning other Greek affairs and specifically about the return of the Messenians. | Refers to Bacis' inspired prophecies about the Messenians, a mythic/prophetic tradition. |
| 4.27.4 | 3 | other | high | ἐγὼ δὲ καὶ περὶ τῆς Εἴρας, ὅντινα ἁλώσοιτο τρόπον, Βάκιν ἐφώρασα εἰρηκότα· | It was then also that he declared: | A reported declaration with no mythic or historical event described; merely narrative/reporting context. |
| 4.27.4 | 4 | historical | high | καί οἱ καὶ τόδε ἐστὶ τῶν χρησμῶν, οἵ τʼ ἀπὸ Μεσσήνης πατάγῳ κρουνοῖς τε δαμείσης. | "Sparta shall perish, deprived of her splendid flower, Messenia, however, shall again be inhabited forever." | Mentions an oracle about Messenia's future habitation, tied to historical/legendary aftermath rather than mythic landscape. |
| 4.27.5 | 1 | other | high | ὡς δὲ ἡ τελετή σφισιν ἀνεύρητο, ταύτην μέν, ὅσοι τοῦ γένους τῶν ἱερέων ἦσαν, κατετίθεντο ἐς βίβλους· | When they had discovered the rites, all those among the priestly lineage recorded them in writing. | Describes the recording of rites in books by priests; antiquarian/descriptive rather than mythic or historical event. |
| 4.27.5 | 2 | historical | high | Ἐπαμινώνδας δέ, ὥς οἱ τὸ χωρίον, ἔνθα νῦν ἔχουσιν οἱ Μεσσήνιοι τὴν πόλιν, μάλιστα ἐς οἰκισμὸν ἐφαίνετο ἐπιτήδειον, ἐκέλευεν ἀνασκοπεῖσθαι τοῖς μάντεσιν, εἴ οἱ βουλήσεται ταύτῃ καὶ τὰ τῶν θεῶν ἐπιχωρῆσαι. | As for Epaminondas, since the place now occupied by the city of the Messenians seemed to him particularly suitable for founding a settlement, he instructed the seers to inquire whether the will of the gods also favored it. | Refers to Epaminondas and the founding of Messene, a post-500 BC historical event. |
| 4.27.5 | 3 | historical | high | φαμένων δὲ καὶ τούτων εἶναι τὰ ἱερὰ αἴσια, οὕτω παρεσκευάζετο ἐς τὸν οἰκισμόν, λίθους τε ἄγεσθαι κελεύων καὶ ἄνδρας μεταπεμπόμενος, οἷς τέχνη στενωποὺς κατατέμνεσθαι καὶ οἰκίας καὶ ἱερὰ οἰκοδομεῖσθαι καὶ τείχη περιβάλλεσθαι. | When the sacrificial omens were declared auspicious by them, he made the necessary preparations for establishing the city, giving orders for stones to be brought in, and inviting men skilled in the art of laying out streets, as well as building houses and temples, and constructing encircling walls. | Describes preparations for founding a city, including streets, houses, temples, and walls; this is a historical/colonizing action rather than mythic narrative. |
| 4.27.6 | 1 | historical | high | ὡς δὲ ἐγεγόνει τὰ πάντα ἐν ἑτοίμῳ, τὸ ἐντεῦθεν---ἱερεῖα γὰρ παρεῖχον οἱ Ἀρκάδες---αὐτὸς μὲν Ἐπαμινώνδας καὶ οἱ Θηβαῖοι Διονύσῳ καὶ Ἀπόλλωνι ἔθυον Ἰσμηνίῳ τὸν νομιζόμενον τρόπον, Ἀργεῖοι δὲ τῇ τε Ἥρᾳ τῇ Ἀργείᾳ καὶ Νεμείῳ Διί, Μεσσήνιοι δὲ Διί τε Ἰθωμάτᾳ καὶ Διοσκούροις, οἱ δέ σφισιν ἱερεῖς θεαῖς ταῖς Μεγάλαις καὶ Καύκωνι. | When everything had been arranged and was ready—for the Arcadians provided the sacrificial animals—Epaminondas himself and the Thebans offered sacrifice to Dionysus and to Apollo Ismenius according to their customary rite, the Argives to Hera of Argos and Zeus of Nemea, and the Messenians to Zeus Ithomatas and the Dioscuri, while their priests sacrificed to the Great Goddesses and to Caucon. | Describes a ritual sacrifice carried out by Epaminondas, the Thebans, Argives, and Messenians in a historical context after the battle preparations. |
| 4.27.6 | 2 | mythic | high | ἐπεκαλοῦντο δὲ ἐν κοινῷ καὶ ἥρωάς σφισιν ἐπανήκειν συνοίκους, Μεσσήνην μὲν τὴν Τριόπα μάλιστα, ἐπὶ ταύτῃ δὲ Εὔρυτον καὶ Ἀφαρέα τε καὶ τοὺς παῖδας, παρὰ δὲ Ἡρακλειδῶν Κρεσφόντην τε καὶ Αἴπυτον· πλείστη δὲ καὶ παρὰ πάντων ἀνάκλησις ἐγίνετο Ἀριστομένους. | They also collectively invoked heroes to return and inhabit the land with them, particularly Messene, daughter of Triopas, and after her, Eurytos and Aphareus and Aphareus' sons, along with Cresphontes and Aepytus of the Heracleidae; above all, their petition was most fervently directed toward Aristomenes. | Invocation of heroes and named legendary figures to inhabit the land is mythic material. |
| 4.27.7 | 1 | historical | high | καὶ τὴν μὲν τότε ἡμέραν πρὸς θυσίαις τε καὶ εὐχαῖς ἦσαν, ταῖς δὲ ἐφεξῆς τοῦ τείχους τὸν περίβολον ἤγειρον καὶ ἐντὸς οἰκίας καὶ τὰ ἱερὰ ἐποιοῦντο. | On that first day they were occupied with sacrifices and prayers; but on the following days they built the circuit-wall, and inside its boundary they made houses and sanctuaries. | Describes the building of a circuit-wall and settlement/temple construction, a historical urban foundation act rather than a mythic event. |
| 4.27.7 | 2 | other | high | εἰργάζοντο δὲ καὶ ὑπὸ μουσικῆς ἄλλης μὲν οὐδεμιᾶς, αὐλῶν δὲ Βοιωτίων καὶ Ἀργείων· | And they worked accompanied by music—not any other kind, but with the flute-playing of the Boeotians and Argives. | Describes the manner of working and local musical accompaniment, with no mythic or historical event. |
| 4.27.7 | 3 | historical | high | τά τε Σακάδα καὶ Προνόμου μέλη τότε δὴ προήχθη μάλιστα ἐς ἅμιλλαν. | At that time especially, the compositions of Sacadas and Pronomos were brought into competition. | Refers to named composers and a competitive event in historical time, not myth or geography. |
| 4.27.7 | 4 | historical | high | αὐτῇ μὲν δὴ τῇ πόλει Μεσσήνην ἔθεντο ὄνομα, ἀνῴκιζον δὲ καὶ ἄλλα πολίσματα. | The city itself they named Messene, and they also settled additional smaller towns. | Describes the naming and settlement of a city, an historical founding action rather than mythic narrative. |
| 4.27.8 | 1 | historical | high | Ναυπλιεῖς δὲ ἐκ Μοθώνης οὐκ ἀνέστησαν· κατὰ χώραν δὲ καὶ Ἀσιναίους μένειν εἴων, τούτοις μὲν καὶ εὐεργεσίαν ἀπομνημονεύοντες πολεμῆσαι μετὰ Λακεδαιμονίων πρὸς σφᾶς οὐ θελήσασι, | The Nauplians, however, were not driven out of Mothone; rather, the Messenians allowed them as well as the Asinaeans to remain in the territory, mindful of the kindness shown by the latter, who had refused to join the Lacedaemonians in making war upon them. | Refers to post-mythic community treatment and warfare involving Lacedaemonians and Messenians. |
| 4.27.8 | 2 | historical | high | Ναυπλιεῖς δὲ κατιοῦσιν ἐς Πελοπόννησον Μεσσηνίοις τε δῶρα ἤγαγον ὁποῖα εἶχον καὶ ἅμα μὲν ὑπὲρ καθόδου τῆς ἐκείνων συνεχέσιν ἐς τὸ θεῖον ταῖς εὐχαῖς, ἅμα δὲ ὑπὲρ σωτηρίας τῆς σφετέρας δεήσεσιν ἐς ἐκείνους ἐχρῶντο. | When the Nauplians returned into the Peloponnese, they brought the Messenians gifts according to their means, continually addressing prayers to the gods for their safe return, and at the same time entreating the Messenians for their own safety. | Describes a concrete return and exchange between peoples, not mythic or purely geographic. |
| 4.27.9 | 1 | historical | high | κατῆλθον δὲ ἐς Πελοπόννησον οἱ Μεσσήνιοι καὶ ἀνεσώσαντο τὴν αὑτῶν ἑπτὰ καὶ ὀγδοήκοντα καὶ διακοσίοις ἔτεσιν ὕστερον μετὰ Εἴρας ἅλωσιν, Δυσκινήτου μὲν Ἀθήνῃσιν ἄρχοντος, τρίτῳ δὲ ἔτει τῆς δευτέρας καὶ ἑκατοστῆς Ὀλυμπιάδος, ἣν Δάμων Θούριος τὸ δεύτερον ἐνίκα. | The Messenians returned to the Peloponnese and recovered their own land two hundred and eighty-seven years after the capture of Eira, in the archonship of Dyscinetus at Athens and in the third year of the hundred and second Olympiad, in which Damon of Thurii won his second victory. | Dates the Messenians' return and recovery of land in historical terms using archon and Olympiad chronology. |
| 4.27.9 | 2 | historical | high | οὐκ ὀλίγος μὲν οὖν ὁ χρόνος καὶ Πλαταιεῦσιν ἐγένετο, ἐφʼ ὅσον καὶ ἐκεῖνοι τὴν αὑτῶν ἔφευγον, καὶ Δηλίοις, ἡνίκα ᾤκησαν Ἀδραμύττιον ἐκβληθέντες ἐκ τῆς σφετέρας ὑπὸ Ἀθηναίων καὶ Ὀρχομενίων · | Indeed, the time during which the Plataeans also remained exiled from their land was no small one. | Refers to the Plataeans' exile, a historical event and its duration, not mythic or descriptive. |
| 4.27.10 | 1 | historical | high | οἱ δὲ Μινύαι, μετὰ τὴν μάχην τὴν ἐν Λεύκτροις ἐκπεσόντες ὑπὸ Θηβαίων ἐξ Ὀρχομενοῦ, κατήχθησαν ἐς Βοιωτίαν ὑπὸ Φιλίππου τοῦ Ἀμύντου, καὶ οὗτοι καὶ οἱ Πλαταιεῖς. | After the battle of Leuctra, the Minyans, driven from Orchomenus by the Thebans, were restored to Boeotia by Philip the son of Amyntas, along with the Plataeans. | Refers to the battle of Leuctra and Philip II restoring exiles, both historical events after 500 BC. |
| 4.27.10 | 2 | historical | high | Θηβαίων δὲ αὐτῶν ἐρημώσαντος Ἀλεξάνδρου τὴν πόλιν, αὖθις ἔτεσιν οὐ πολλοῖς ὕστερον Κάσσανδρος Ἀντιπάτρου τὰς Θήβας ἔκτισεν. | Subsequently, Alexander destroyed the city of the Thebans; yet only a few years later, Cassander, the son of Antipater, rebuilt Thebes. | Refers to Alexander’s destruction of Thebes and Cassander’s rebuilding, both historical events after 500 BC. |
| 4.27.10 | 3 | historical | high | φαίνεται μὲν δὴ τῶν κατειλεγμένων ἐπὶ μακρότατον ἡ Πλαταϊκὴ φυγὴ συμβᾶσα, οὐ μέντοι περαιτέρω γε ἢ ἐπὶ δύο ἐγένετο οὐδʼ αὐτὴ γενεάς. | Indeed, of those previously listed, the exile of the Plataeans appears to have lasted the longest; yet even this exile continued for no more than two generations. | Refers to the Plataeans' exile, a post-mythic historical event. |
| 4.27.11 | 1 | historical | high | Μεσσήνιοι δὲ ἐκτὸς Πελοποννήσου τριακόσια ἔτη μάλιστα ἠλῶντο, ἐν οἷς οὔτε ἐθῶν εἰσι δῆλοι παραλύσαντές τι τῶν οἴκοθεν οὔτε τὴν διάλεκτον τὴν Δωρίδα μετεδιδάχθησαν, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐς ἡμᾶς ἔτι τὸ ἀκριβὲς αὐτῆς Πελοποννησίων μάλιστα ἐφύλασσον. | The Messenians were in exile from the Peloponnese for about three hundred years; during that time they neither abandoned their ancient customs in any visible respect nor altered their Doric dialect, but even to our own day they have preserved it in a purer form than all other Peloponnesians. | Refers to the historical exile of the Messenians for about three hundred years and its effect on customs and dialect. |