Grammar parses for passage 1.10.1
Open translation for this passage
Λυσιμάχῳ δὲ ἐπὶ μὲν Ἀριδαίου βασιλεύοντος καὶ ὕστερον Κασσάνδρου καὶ τῶν παίδων φιλία διέμεινε πρὸς Μακεδόνας·
The dative Λυσιμάχῳ is the experiencer/possessor-like subject of φιλία διέμεινε; ἐπὶ with genitive introduces the periods of reign, with βασιλεύοντος agreeing with Ἀριδαίου and coordinated genitive Κασσάνδρου καὶ τῶν παίδων. The final πρὸς phrase marks the Macedonians as the object of the friendship.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λυσιμάχῳ | Λυσίμαχος | PROPN | Neut? | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 φιλία | iobj | medium | Dative of the person whose friendship persisted / possessor-like experiencer. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 διέμεινε | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 βασιλεύοντος | case | high | Takes the following genitive temporal phrase. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 14 διέμεινε | discourse | high | Correlative particle, paired broadly with the coordinated later period. |
| 5 | Ἀριδαίου | Ἀριδαῖος | PROPN | NEUT-GEN-SG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 βασιλεύοντος | nsubj | high | Genitive absolute subject. |
| 6 | βασιλεύοντος | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-PAP-GEN-SG-MASC | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 14 διέμεινε | advcl | high | Genitive absolute: 'while Aridaeus was king'. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 Κασσάνδρου | cc | high | |
| 8 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | ADV | _ | 9 Κασσάνδρου | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying the subsequent reign period. |
| 9 | Κασσάνδρου | Κάσσανδρος | PROPN | N-GEN-SG-MASC | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 βασιλεύοντος | conj | medium | Coordinated genitive in the temporal construction; ellipsis of βασιλεύοντος is understood. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 παίδων | cc | high | |
| 11 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GEN-PL-MASC | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 παίδων | det | high | |
| 12 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N-GEN-PL-COM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 Κασσάνδρου | conj | high | Coordinated with Κασσάνδρου; 'Cassander and his sons' is understood contextually. |
| 13 | φιλία | φιλία | NOUN | N-NOM-SG-FEM | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 διέμεινε | nsubj | high | Subject of διέμεινε. |
| 14 | διέμεινε | διαμένω | VERB | V-2AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 15 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 16 Μακεδόνας | case | high | Introduces the object of φιλία. |
| 16 | Μακεδόνας | Μακεδών | PROPN | N-ACC-PL-MASC | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 φιλία | nmod | high | Object/target of the friendship. |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 διέμεινε | punct | high |
περιελθούσης δὲ ἐς Δημήτριον τὸν Ἀντιγόνου τῆς ἀρχῆς, ἐνταῦθα ἤδη Λυσίμαχος πολεμήσεσθαι ἤλπιζεν ὑπὸ Δημητρίου καὶ αὐτὸς ἄρχειν ἠξίου πολέμου, πατρῷον ἐπιστάμενος ὂν Δημητρίῳ προσπεριβάλλεσθαί τι ἐθέλειν καὶ ἅμα ὁρῶν αὐτὸν παρελθόντα ἐς Μακεδονίαν μετάπεμπτον ὑπὸ Ἀλεξάνδρου τοῦ Κασσάνδρου, ὡς δὲ ἀφίκετο, αὐτόν τε Ἀλέξανδρον φονεύσαντα καὶ ἔχοντα ἀντʼ ἐκείνου τὴν Μακεδόνων ἀρχήν.
Genitive absolute at the opening; Λυσίμαχος is the subject of ἤλπιζεν and ἠξίου. The participial accusatives after ὁρῶν and the final ὡς-clause are predicative/complementary descriptions of Δημήτριον; ὂν is the supplied form, interpreted as εἶναι (contracted/orthographic variant) with low confidence.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | περιελθούσης | περιέρχομαι | VERB | V--GSA | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 8 ἀρχῆς | acl | high | Genitive absolute with τῆς ἀρχῆς. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 1 περιελθούσης | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 4 Δημήτριον | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 4 | Δημήτριον | Δημήτριος | PROPN | NeASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 1 περιελθούσης | obl | high | |
| 5 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | Sd--AM---- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 6 Ἀντιγόνου | det | high | |
| 6 | Ἀντιγόνου | Ἀντίγονος | PROPN | NeGSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 4 Δημήτριον | nmod | high | |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | Sd--GF---- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 8 ἀρχῆς | det | high | |
| 8 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | NbGFS | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 1 περιελθούσης | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive-absolute participle. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 περιελθούσης | punct | high | |
| 10 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 14 ἤλπιζεν | advmod | high | |
| 11 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D-------- | _ | 14 ἤλπιζεν | advmod | high | |
| 12 | Λυσίμαχος | Λυσίμαχος | PROPN | NeNSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 14 ἤλπιζεν | nsubj | high | |
| 13 | πολεμήσεσθαι | πολεμέω | VERB | V--FPN | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Future|Voice=Passive | 14 ἤλπιζεν | ccomp | medium | Infinitive under ἤλπιζεν; passive, ‘be warred against’. |
| 14 | ἤλπιζεν | ἐλπίζω | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 15 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 16 Δημητρίου | case | high | |
| 16 | Δημητρίου | Δημήτριος | PROPN | NeGSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 13 πολεμήσεσθαι | obl:agent | high | |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 18 αὐτὸς | cc | high | |
| 18 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | NeNSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|PronType=Prs | 20 ἠξίου | nsubj | high | Emphatic subject of ἠξίου. |
| 19 | ἄρχειν | ἄρχω | VERB | V-PAN---- | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 20 ἠξίου | xcomp | high | |
| 20 | ἠξίου | ἀξιόω | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 14 ἤλπιζεν | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb. |
| 21 | πολέμου | πόλεμος | NOUN | NbGSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 19 ἄρχειν | obl | high | Genitive with ἄρχειν. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἠξίου | punct | high | |
| 23 | πατρῷον | πατρῷος | ADJ | A--ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 29 ἐθέλειν | obj | medium | Predicative/object complement with ἐπιστάμενος; agreement/form is syntactically difficult. |
| 24 | ἐπιστάμενος | ἐπίσταμαι | VERB | V-PNPMSN- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|Voice=Middle | 20 ἠξίου | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying Λυσίμαχος. |
| 25 | ὂν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 24 ἐπιστάμενος | ccomp | low | Form is anomalous in context; probably intended εἶναι, infinitive, or an orthographic corruption. |
| 26 | Δημητρίῳ | Δημήτριος | PROPN | NeDSM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 27 προσπεριβάλλεσθαί | obl | high | |
| 27 | προσπεριβάλλεσθαί | προσπεριβάλλω | VERB | V-PNMN---- | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Present|Voice=Middle | 29 ἐθέλειν | xcomp | medium | Infinitive in the complement chain; exact attachment is difficult. |
| 28 | τι | τις | PRON | P---ASN--- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular|PronType=Ind | 27 προσπεριβάλλεσθαί | obj | high | |
| 29 | ἐθέλειν | ἐθέλω | VERB | V-PAN---- | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 24 ἐπιστάμενος | xcomp | high | Complement of ἐπιστάμενος. |
| 30 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 32 ὁρῶν | cc | high | |
| 31 | ἅμα | ἅμα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 32 ὁρῶν | advmod | high | |
| 32 | ὁρῶν | ὁράω | VERB | V-PAPMSN- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 24 ἐπιστάμενος | conj | high | Coordinated participle modifying Λυσίμαχος. |
| 33 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P---ASM--- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|PronType=Prs | 34 παρελθόντα | obj | high | |
| 34 | παρελθόντα | παρέρχομαι | VERB | V-2AAPMSA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 32 ὁρῶν | xcomp | high | Participial complement of ὁρῶν. |
| 35 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 36 Μακεδονίαν | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 36 | Μακεδονίαν | Μακεδονία | PROPN | NeASF | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 34 παρελθόντα | obl | high | |
| 37 | μετάπεμπτον | μετάπεμπτος | ADJ | A--ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 34 παρελθόντα | xcomp | high | Predicative adjective with παρελθόντα. |
| 38 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 39 Ἀλεξάνδρου | case | high | |
| 39 | Ἀλεξάνδρου | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | NeGSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 37 μετάπεμπτον | obl:agent | high | |
| 40 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | Sd--GSM--- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 41 Κασσάνδρου | det | high | |
| 41 | Κασσάνδρου | Κάσσανδρος | PROPN | NeGSM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 39 Ἀλεξάνδρου | nmod | high | |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 32 ὁρῶν | punct | high | |
| 43 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | -------- | _ | 45 ἀφίκετο | mark | high | Temporal clause marker. |
| 44 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 45 ἀφίκετο | cc | high | |
| 45 | ἀφίκετο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-2AMI-3S- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 52 ἔχοντα | advcl | high | Subject is Δημήτριος, continued from the preceding participial construction. |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 45 ἀφίκετο | punct | high | |
| 47 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | P---ASM--- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|PronType=Prs | 50 φονεύσαντα | obj | high | Object of φονεύσαντα. |
| 48 | τε | τε | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 50 φονεύσαντα | cc | high | Correlative coordination with καί. |
| 49 | Ἀλέξανδρον | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | NeASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 50 φονεύσαντα | obj | high | |
| 50 | φονεύσαντα | φονεύω | VERB | V-2AAPMSA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 52 ἔχοντα | conj | high | Coordinated accusative participle describing Δημήτριον. |
| 51 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 52 ἔχοντα | cc | high | |
| 52 | ἔχοντα | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAPMSA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 45 ἀφίκετο | xcomp | high | Second accusative participle coordinated with φονεύσαντα. |
| 53 | ἀντʼ | ἀντί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 54 ἐκείνου | case | high | Elided form of ἀντί. |
| 54 | ἐκείνου | ἐκεῖνος | PRON | P---GSM--- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|PronType=Dem | 52 ἔχοντα | obl | high | |
| 55 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | Sd--ASF--- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 57 ἀρχήν | det | high | |
| 56 | Μακεδόνων | Μακεδών | PROPN | NeGPM | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 57 ἀρχήν | nmod | high | |
| 57 | ἀρχήν | ἀρχή | NOUN | NbASF | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 52 ἔχοντα | obj | high | |
| 58 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἤλπιζεν | punct | high |