Grammar parses for passage 1.9.8
Open translation for this passage
τὰ δὲ ἐντεῦθεν ἐμοί ἐστιν οὐ πιστά,
The neuter plural τὰ πιστά is a substantive nominal subject (‘the things reported/believed’), with ἐμοί as the dative experiencer/possessor of εἰμί; ἐντεῦθεν is an adverbial temporal/source modifier. The exact semantic force of πιστά is context-dependent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T---NPN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 πιστά | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 πιστά | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐντεῦθεν | ἐντεῦθεν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 5 ἐστιν | advmod | high | Adverb meaning ‘from then/onward’ or ‘from this point/source’. |
| 4 | ἐμοί | ἐγώ | PRON | P1---DS1-- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 5 ἐστιν | iobj | high | Dative experiencer/assessment with εἰμί. |
| 5 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 7 πιστά | advmod | high | |
| 7 | πιστά | πιστός | ADJ | A--NPN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Substantivized neuter plural adjective, ‘credible/believable things’; may alternatively be understood predicatively. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστιν | punct | high |
Ἱερώνυμος δὲ ἔγραψε Καρδιανὸς Λυσίμαχον τὰς θήκας τῶν νεκρῶν ἀνελόντα τὰ ὀστᾶ ἐκρῖψαι.
ἔγραψε takes an accusative-and-infinitive construction: Λυσίμαχον is the accusative subject of ἐκρῖψαι; ἀνελόντα is a co-referential accusative participle modifying Λυσίμαχον. Καρδιανὸς is best treated as an appositional ethnic/name designation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἱερώνυμος | Ἱερώνυμος | PROPN | Neut? | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἔγραψε | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 3 ἔγραψε | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἔγραψε | γράφω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | Καρδιανὸς | Καρδιανός | PROPN | A-N--NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Λυσίμαχον | appos | medium | Ethnic/name adjective used substantivally, identifying the author. |
| 5 | Λυσίμαχον | Λυσίμαχος | PROPN | A-----AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἔγραψε | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitival complement. |
| 6 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | RA---AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 θήκας | det | high | |
| 7 | θήκας | θήκη | NOUN | N-----AFP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 ἀνελόντα | obj | high | Object of ἀνελόντα. |
| 8 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA---GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 νεκρῶν | det | high | |
| 9 | νεκρῶν | νεκρός | NOUN | A-----GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 θήκας | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on θήκας. |
| 10 | ἀνελόντα | ἀναιρέω | VERB | V-2AAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 Λυσίμαχον | acl | high | Accusative participle agreeing with Λυσίμαχον. |
| 11 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | RA---NAP | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 ὀστᾶ | det | high | |
| 12 | ὀστᾶ | ὀστέον | NOUN | N-----NAP | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἐκρῖψαι | obj | high | Object of ἐκρῖψαι. |
| 13 | ἐκρῖψαι | ἐκρίπτω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 3 ἔγραψε | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of ἔγραψε. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἔγραψε | punct | high |
ὁ δὲ Ἱερώνυμος οὗτος ἔχει μὲν καὶ ἄλλως δόξαν πρὸς ἀπέχθειαν γράψαι τῶν βασιλέων πλὴν Ἀντιγόνου, τούτῳ δὲ οὐ δικαίως χαρίζεσθαι·
The sentence has a μεν...δέ contrast: Hieronymus is reputed to have written out of hostility toward kings except Antigonus, but to flatter this man unjustly. The infinitives γράψαι and χαρίζεσθαι are complementary/content infinitives with ἔχει; πρὸς ἀπέχθειαν is a purpose/result-oriented phrase, and τούτῳ is the dative object of χαρίζεσθαι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 Ἱερώνυμος | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ἔχει | cc | high | Postpositive contrastive particle. |
| 3 | Ἱερώνυμος | Ἱερώνυμος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἔχει | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | RD-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 Ἱερώνυμος | appos | high | Demonstrative apposition to the proper name. |
| 5 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | μὲν | μέν | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ἔχει | cc | high | Correlative with δὲ at token 19. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἄλλως | cc | high | Adverbial/intensifying καί with ἄλλως. |
| 8 | ἄλλως | ἄλλως | ADV | D- | _ | 12 γράψαι | advmod | high | |
| 9 | δόξαν | δόξα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἔχει | obj | medium | Accusative of the reputation held; alternatively construed as a predicative/content accusative with ἔχει. |
| 10 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | P- | _ | 11 ἀπέχθειαν | case | high | |
| 11 | ἀπέχθειαν | ἀπέχθεια | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 γράψαι | obl | medium | Accusative governed by πρὸς, expressing hostile motive or orientation. |
| 12 | γράψαι | γράφω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 5 ἔχει | xcomp | high | Complementary/content infinitive with ἔχει; implicit subject is Hieronymus. |
| 13 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 14 βασιλέων | det | high | |
| 14 | βασιλέων | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἀπέχθειαν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀπέχθειαν: hostility toward the kings. |
| 15 | πλὴν | πλήν | ADP | P-G | _ | 16 Ἀντιγόνου | case | high | Exceptive preposition. |
| 16 | Ἀντιγόνου | Ἀντίγονος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 βασιλέων | nmod | high | Exception from the set of kings. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔχει | punct | high | |
| 18 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | RD-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 22 χαρίζεσθαι | iobj | high | Dative object of χαρίζεσθαι, referring to Antigonus. |
| 19 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 χαρίζεσθαι | cc | high | Contrastive member of the μεν...δέ construction. |
| 20 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | Qคร | Polarity=Neg | 22 χαρίζεσθαι | advmod | high | |
| 21 | δικαίως | δικαίως | ADV | D- | _ | 22 χαρίζεσθαι | advmod | high | |
| 22 | χαρίζεσθαι | χαρίζομαι | VERB | V-PMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 5 ἔχει | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive coordinated contrastively with γράψαι; implicit subject is Hieronymus. |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔχει | punct | high |
τὰ δὲ ἐπὶ τοῖς τάφοις τῶν Ἠπειρωτῶν παντάπασίν ἐστι φανερὸς ἐπηρείᾳ συνθείς, ἄνδρα Μακεδόνα θήκας νεκρῶν ἀνελεῖν.
The sentence is syntactically difficult: φανερός is masculine despite neuter τὰ, and the participle συνθείς with its infinitive and accusatives is attached provisionally as a secondary predication.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-----NAI | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 φανερὸς | nsubj | medium | Substantivized neuter article, probably referring to a preceding neuter noun or matter. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 φανερὸς | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 τάφοις | case | high | |
| 4 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-----NDM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 τάφοις | det | high | |
| 5 | τάφοις | τάφος | NOUN | N----DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 φανερὸς | obl | high | Dative governed by ἐπί. |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-----GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 Ἠπειρωτῶν | det | high | |
| 7 | Ἠπειρωτῶν | Ἠπειρώτης | PROPN | N-----GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 τάφοις | nmod | high | Ethnic proper name used substantivally. |
| 8 | παντάπασίν | παντάπασι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 10 φανερὸς | advmod | high | |
| 9 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPIA---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 10 φανερὸς | cop | high | |
| 10 | φανερὸς | φανερός | ADJ | A-----NM-S | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Masc. singular predicate adjective with an implied or contextually supplied subject; agreement is difficult with preceding neuter τὰ. |
| 11 | ἐπηρείᾳ | ἐπήρεια | NOUN | N-----DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 συνθείς | obl | medium | Instrumental/causal dative with συνθείς. |
| 12 | συνθείς | συντίθημι | VERB | V-AAPA-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 φανερὸς | advcl | medium | Aorist participle, likely referring to the implied male subject; exact force is context-dependent. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 συνθείς | punct | high | |
| 14 | ἄνδρα | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N----ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἀνελεῖν | obj | high | Accusative subject/object of the infinitival construction, construed as object of ἀνελεῖν. |
| 15 | Μακεδόνα | Μακεδών | PROPN | N----ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἄνδρα | appos | high | Apposition to ἄνδρα. |
| 16 | θήκας | θήκη | NOUN | N----APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 18 ἀνελεῖν | obj | medium | Accusative object of ἀνελεῖν; the phrase may be semantically compressed in context. |
| 17 | νεκρῶν | νεκρός | ADJ | A----GPM | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 θήκας | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective, genitive dependent on θήκας. |
| 18 | ἀνελεῖν | ἀναιρέω | VERB | V-AAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 12 συνθείς | xcomp | medium | Aorist infinitive dependent on συνθείς; precise attachment is syntactically compressed. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 φανερὸς | punct | high |
χωρὶς δὲ ἠπίστατο δή που καὶ Λυσίμαχος οὐ Πύρρου σφᾶς προγόνους μόνον ἀλλὰ καὶ Ἀλεξάνδρου τοὺς αὐτοὺς τούτους ὄντας· καὶ γὰρ Ἀλέξανδρος Ἠπειρώτης τε ἦν καὶ τῶν Αἰακιδῶν τὰ πρὸς μητρός,
The first clause has an accusative-and-participial construction (προγόνους ... τούτους ὄντας) under ἠπίστατο; the second clause is an explanatory copular clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | χωρὶς | χωρίς | ADV | ADV | _ | 3 ἠπίστατο | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ἠπίστατο | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἠπίστατο | ἐπίσταμαι | VERB | V-3IIM/3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | δή | δή | PART | PTCL | _ | 3 ἠπίστατο | discourse | high | |
| 5 | που | πού | ADV | ADV | _ | 3 ἠπίστατο | advmod | high | Indefinite enclitic adverb. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 Λυσίμαχος | cc | high | |
| 7 | Λυσίμαχος | Λυσίμαχος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἠπίστατο | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PTCL | Polarity=Neg | 11 προγόνους | advmod | high | |
| 9 | Πύρρου | Πύρρος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 σφᾶς | nmod | high | |
| 10 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-AP | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 11 προγόνους | nmod:poss | medium | Possessive genitive-like pronoun, agreeing semantically with προγόνους. |
| 11 | προγόνους | πρόγονος | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ὄντας | obj | high | |
| 12 | μόνον | μόνον | ADV | ADV | _ | 11 προγόνους | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative of μόνον. |
| 13 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 τούτους | cc | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 Ἀλεξάνδρου | cc | high | |
| 15 | Ἀλεξάνδρου | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 τούτους | nmod:poss | high | |
| 16 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 τούτους | det | high | |
| 17 | αὐτοὺς | αὐτός | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 τούτους | amod | high | Intensifying/identity adjective in attributive position. |
| 18 | τούτους | οὗτος | PRON | D-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ὄντας | obj | high | Correlative object coordinated with προγόνους. |
| 19 | ὄντας | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 3 ἠπίστατο | xcomp | high | Accusative participle in reported content with omitted/copular predicate. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἠπίστατο | punct | high | |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 26 ἦν | cc | high | |
| 22 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 26 ἦν | mark | high | Postpositive explanatory coordinator introducing the second clause. |
| 23 | Ἀλέξανδρος | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 ἦν | nsubj | high | |
| 24 | Ἠπειρώτης | Ἠπειρώτης | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 ἦν | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative. |
| 25 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 24 Ἠπειρώτης | cc | high | |
| 26 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-3SIIA | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second independent clause after the middle dot; coordinated discourse with preceding clause. |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 29 Αἰακιδῶν | cc | high | |
| 28 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 Αἰακιδῶν | det | high | |
| 29 | Αἰακιδῶν | Αἰακίδης | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 μητρός | nmod | high | |
| 30 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 32 μητρός | det | high | |
| 31 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 32 μητρός | case | high | |
| 32 | μητρός | μήτηρ | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 ἦν | obl | high | Prepositional phrase τὰ πρὸς μητρός, ‘on the mother's side’; τὰ is substantivized. |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 ἦν | punct | high |
ἥ τε ὕστερον Πύρρου πρὸς Λυσίμαχον συμμαχία δηλοῖ καὶ πολεμήσασιν ἀδιάλλακτόν γε οὐδὲν πρὸς ἀλλήλους γενέσθαι σφίσι.
The sentence has a compressed δηλοῖ construction: the alliance is said to show, together with the fact that for those who fought nothing irreconcilable arose toward one another; attachment of the dative participle and σφίσι is therefore somewhat interpretive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἥ | ὅς | PRON | P-S---FN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 συμμαχία | det | high | Relative/article-like pronoun agreeing with συμμαχία. |
| 2 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 δηλοῖ | cc | high | Correlative τε linking this clause with the following καί clause. |
| 3 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | ADV | _ | 7 συμμαχία | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative, ‘later/afterwards’. |
| 4 | Πύρρου | Πύρρος | PROPN | N---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 συμμαχία | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on συμμαχία. |
| 5 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 Λυσίμαχον | case | high | Preposition governing Λυσίμαχον. |
| 6 | Λυσίμαχον | Λυσίμαχος | PROPN | N---ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 συμμαχία | nmod | high | Accusative object of πρός within the alliance phrase. |
| 7 | συμμαχία | συμμαχία | NOUN | N---NFN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 δηλοῖ | nsubj | high | Subject of δηλοῖ. |
| 8 | δηλοῖ | δηλόω | VERB | V-PAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 γενέσθαι | cc | medium | Coordinates the infinitival content with the preceding implied content. |
| 10 | πολεμήσασιν | πολεμέω | VERB | V-PAP-DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 16 γενέσθαι | obl | medium | Substantival dative present participle, ‘to/for those warring’; exact attachment is syntactically compressed. |
| 11 | ἀδιάλλακτόν | ἀδιάλλακτος | ADJ | A--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 γενέσθαι | obj | high | Neuter accusative predicate/object complement with γενέσθαι. |
| 12 | γε | γε | PART | PRT | _ | 11 ἀδιάλλακτόν | advmod | high | Restrictive/emphatic particle. |
| 13 | οὐδὲν | οὐδείς | PRON | P-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 γενέσθαι | obj | high | Accusative neuter pronoun, ‘nothing’, with γενέσθαι. |
| 14 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 15 ἀλλήλους | case | high | Preposition governing ἀλλήλους. |
| 15 | ἀλλήλους | ἀλλήλων | PRON | P-A---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 γενέσθαι | obl | high | Reciprocal accusative object of πρός. |
| 16 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-AMN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 8 δηλοῖ | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of δηλοῖ, with implied subject supplied by the participial construction. |
| 17 | σφίσι | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3---DP- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 16 γενέσθαι | iobj | medium | Dative pronoun, likely ethical/possessive or reference dative; antecedent is context-dependent. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 δηλοῖ | punct | high |
τῷ δὲ Ἱερωνύμῳ τάχα μέν που καὶ ἄλλα ἦν ἐς Λυσίμαχον ἐγκλήματα, μέγιστον δὲ ὅτι τὴν Καρδιανῶν πόλιν ἀνελὼν Λυσιμάχειαν ἀντʼ αὐτῆς ᾤκισεν ἐπὶ τῷ ἰσθμῷ τῆς Θρᾳκίας χερρονήσου.
The dative phrase τῷ Ἱερωνύμῳ is an experiencer/possessor construction with ἦν; ὅτι introduces the explanatory clause, whose subject is Λυσιμάχειαν and whose participial phrase ἀνελών is concessive/temporal background. μέγιστον is a predicative accusative-like neuter superlative modifying the salient ἔγκλημα understood.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RA-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 Ἱερωνύμῳ | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 9 ἦν | cc | high | |
| 3 | Ἱερωνύμῳ | Ἱερώνυμος | PROPN | NE-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἦν | iobj | high | Dative experiencer/possessor. |
| 4 | τάχα | τάχα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 8 ἄλλα | advmod | high | |
| 5 | μέν | μέν | PART | -------- | _ | 8 ἄλλα | discourse | high | |
| 6 | που | πού | ADV | D-------- | _ | 8 ἄλλα | advmod | high | Indefinite particle/adverb. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 8 ἄλλα | cc | high | |
| 8 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἦν | nsubj | medium | Substantivized neuter plural, ‘other charges’; nominative with existential ἦν. |
| 9 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | VHII3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 ἐγκλήματα | case | high | |
| 11 | Λυσίμαχον | Λυσίμαχος | PROPN | NE-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἐγκλήματα | obl | high | |
| 12 | ἐγκλήματα | ἔγκλημα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 ἄλλα | conj | medium | Coordinated with substantivized ἄλλα; case is formally ambiguous in the elliptical construction. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 14 | μέγιστον | μέγας | ADJ | A-SNN | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἦν | xcomp | medium | Predicative neuter singular, ‘the greatest [charge]’; elliptical. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 14 μέγιστον | cc | high | |
| 16 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | -------- | _ | 24 ᾤκισεν | mark | high | Causal/explanatory complementizer. |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 πόλιν | det | high | |
| 18 | Καρδιανῶν | Καρδιανός | PROPN | NE-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 πόλιν | nmod | high | Genitive plural ethnic name modifying πόλιν. |
| 19 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἀνελὼν | obj | high | |
| 20 | ἀνελὼν | ἀναιρέω | VERB | VPAPMSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 ᾤκισεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle with implied subject. |
| 21 | Λυσιμάχειαν | Λυσιμάχεια | PROPN | NE-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ᾤκισεν | obj | high | |
| 22 | ἀντʼ | ἀντί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 23 αὐτῆς | case | high | Elided form of ἀντί. |
| 23 | αὐτῆς | αὐτός | PRON | RD-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 21 Λυσιμάχειαν | obl | high | Genitive object of ἀντί; antecedent τὴν πόλιν. |
| 24 | ᾤκισεν | οἰκίζω | VERB | VAAI3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 16 ὅτι | ccomp | high | |
| 25 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 27 ἰσθμῷ | case | high | |
| 26 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RA-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 ἰσθμῷ | det | high | |
| 27 | ἰσθμῷ | ἰσθμός | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ᾤκισεν | obl | high | |
| 28 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 χερρονήσου | det | high | |
| 29 | Θρᾳκίας | Θρᾳκικός | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 χερρονήσου | amod | high | |
| 30 | χερρονήσου | χερρόνησος | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 ἰσθμῷ | nmod | high | |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἦν | punct | high |