Grammar parses for passage 1.10.3
Open translation for this passage
εἰώθασι δὲ ἀνθρώποις φύεσθαι διʼ ἔρωτα πολλαὶ συμφοραί.
Main clause with a perfect-form verbal predicate εἰώθασι taking an infinitival complement; the prepositional phrase διʼ ἔρωτα modifies the infinitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἰώθασι | ἔθω | VERB | V-RAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect with present sense, governing infinitive. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 εἰώθασι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἀνθρώποις | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 φύεσθαι | obl | high | Dative dependent of infinitive; likely experiencer/indirect relation. |
| 4 | φύεσθαι | φύω | VERB | V-PMN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 1 εἰώθασι | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive to εἰώθασι. |
| 5 | διʼ | διά | ADP | _ | _ | 6 ἔρωτα | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 6 | ἔρωτα | ἔρως | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 φύεσθαι | obl | high | Prepositional phrase modifying infinitive. |
| 7 | πολλαὶ | πολύς | ADJ | A-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 συμφοραί | amod | high | Attributive modifier of συμφοραί. |
| 8 | συμφοραί | συμφορά | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 φύεσθαι | nsubj | high | Subject of infinitive. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 εἰώθασι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ταύτην τὴν Ἀρσινόην φοβουμένην ἐπὶ τοῖς παισί, μὴ Λυσιμάχου τελευτήσαντος ἐπʼ Ἀγαθοκλεῖ γένωνται, τούτων ἕνεκα Ἀγαθοκλεῖ ἐπιβουλεῦσαι λέγεται.
Main clause λέγεται takes an infinitival complement ἐπιβουλεῦσαι; the participial material around Ἀρσινόην and the genitive absolute with τελευτήσαντος are nested modifiers, with the μὴ-clause expressing feared eventuality.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταύτην | οὗτος | DET | PD-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 Ἀρσινόην | det | high | Demonstrative modifying Ἀρσινόην. |
| 2 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 Ἀρσινόην | det | high | Article modifying Ἀρσινόην. |
| 3 | Ἀρσινόην | Ἀρσινόη | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 λέγεται | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive construction with λέγεται. |
| 4 | φοβουμένην | φοβέομαι | VERB | V-PMP-ASF | Aspect=Imp|Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 3 Ἀρσινόην | acl | high | Participial modifier of Ἀρσινόην. |
| 5 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 7 παισί | case | high | Preposition governing τοῖς παισί. |
| 6 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | RA-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 παισί | det | high | Article modifying παισί. |
| 7 | παισί | παῖς | NOUN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 φοβουμένην | obl | high | Dative complement of ἐπὶ. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 φοβουμένην | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | μὴ | μή | PART | PRT-N | _ | 14 γένωνται | advmod | high | Negation introducing the feared clause. |
| 10 | Λυσιμάχου | Λυσίμαχος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 τελευτήσαντος | nsubj | high | Genitive absolute subject of τελευτήσαντος. |
| 11 | τελευτήσαντος | τελευτάω | VERB | V-AAP-GSM | Aspect=Perf|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 14 γένωνται | advcl | high | Participle in genitive absolute with Λυσιμάχου. |
| 12 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 13 Ἀγαθοκλεῖ | case | high | Preposition governing Ἀγαθοκλεῖ. |
| 13 | Ἀγαθοκλεῖ | Ἀγαθοκλῆς | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 γένωνται | obl | high | Dative complement of ἐπʼ. |
| 14 | γένωνται | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-ASP-3P | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 11 τελευτήσαντος | advcl | medium | Dependent fear clause after μὴ; form could be parsed as subjunctive aorist middle. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 γένωνται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 16 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | PD-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 17 ἕνεκα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἕνεκα. |
| 17 | ἕνεκα | ἕνεκα | ADP | R | _ | 19 ἐπιβουλεῦσαι | obl | high | Postposition marking cause/reason. |
| 18 | Ἀγαθοκλεῖ | Ἀγαθοκλῆς | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἐπιβουλεῦσαι | iobj | high | Dative with ἐπιβουλεῦσαι. |
| 19 | ἐπιβουλεῦσαι | ἐπιβουλεύω | VERB | V-AAN | Aspect=Perf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 20 λέγεται | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive with λέγεται. |
| 20 | λέγεται | λέγω | VERB | V-PMI-3S | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 λέγεται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ἤδη δὲ ἔγραψαν καὶ ὡς Ἀγαθοκλέους ἀφίκοιτο ἐς ἔρωτα ἡ Ἀρσινόη, ἀποτυγχάνουσα δὲ †ἐπὶ τῷ βουλεῦσαι λέγουσιν Ἀγαθοκλεῖ θάνατον.
The syntax is partly disrupted by the transmitted corruption (†); the articular infinitive phrase and the final dative/proper-name relation are uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D--------- | _ | 3 ἔγραψαν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | D--------- | _ | 3 ἔγραψαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἔγραψαν | γράφω | VERB | V-3AAI3P-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the clause. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | D--------- | _ | 3 ἔγραψαν | cc | medium | Connects the content clause to the previous verbal idea. |
| 5 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἀφίκοιτο | mark | high | Marks indirect statement/content clause. |
| 6 | Ἀγαθοκλέους | Ἀγαθοκλῆς | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀφίκοιτο | nsubj | medium | Genitive subject of ἀφίκοιτο in reported content. |
| 7 | ἀφίκοιτο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-3AMI3S- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 3 ἔγραψαν | ccomp | high | Optative in indirect discourse. |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 9 ἔρωτα | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 9 | ἔρωτα | ἔρως | NOUN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀφίκοιτο | obl | high | Goal/resultative oblique complement of ἀφίκοιτο. |
| 10 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | L-S---FN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 Ἀρσινόη | det | high | Definite article. |
| 11 | Ἀρσινόη | Ἀρσινόη | PROPN | N-S---FN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀφίκοιτο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀφίκοιτο. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἔγραψαν | punct | high | Comma. |
| 13 | ἀποτυγχάνουσα | ἀποτυγχάνω | VERB | V-PAPNSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 λέγουσιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying Ἀρσινόη. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | D--------- | _ | 13 ἀποτυγχάνουσα | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 15 | † | † | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 λέγουσιν | punct | low | Editorial symbol treated as punctuation. |
| 16 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R--------- | _ | 18 βουλεῦσαι | case | high | Preposition governing the articular infinitive. |
| 17 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-S---ND- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 βουλεῦσαι | det | high | Article with infinitive. |
| 18 | βουλεῦσαι | βουλεύω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 16 ἐπὶ | obl | medium | Articular infinitive; syntax somewhat uncertain because of corrupt text. |
| 19 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-3PPAI3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 ἔγραψαν | conj | high | Second main reporting verb coordinated to ἔγραψαν. |
| 20 | Ἀγαθοκλεῖ | Ἀγαθοκλῆς | PROPN | N-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 θάνατον | det | low | Probably dative with θάνατον/λέγουσιν; relation uncertain in corrupt passage. |
| 21 | θάνατον | θάνατος | NOUN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 λέγουσιν | obj | medium | Object of λέγουσιν, likely 'they say death for Agathocles'. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἔγραψαν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |