Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 1.11.1

← 1.10.41.11.2 →

Passage 1.11.1

Open translation for this passage

5sentences parsed
71Greek tokens
3,519input tokens
5,234output tokens
Sentence 1

1.11.1 sentence 1

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τὰ μὲν οὖν Λυσιμάχου τοιαῦτα ἐγένετο·

τὰ ... τοιαῦτα is a neuter plural nominal predicate: “such were the events concerning Lysimachus”; μὲν οὖν forms a discourse connective pair.

det discourse discourse nmod nsubj punct root 1 τὰ ὁ / DET 2 μὲν μέν / PART 3 οὖν οὖν / PART 4 Λυσιμάχου Λυσίμαχος / PROPN 5 τοιαῦτα τοιοῦτος / ADJ 6 ἐγένετο γίγνομαι / VERB 7 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1τὰDETT-APNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur5 τοιαῦταdethigh
2μὲνμένPARTX_6 ἐγένετοdiscoursehighCorrelative particle, anticipating οὖν.
3οὖνοὖνPARTX_6 ἐγένετοdiscoursehighInferential connective with μὲν.
4ΛυσιμάχουΛυσίμαχοςPROPNN-GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 τοιαῦταnmodhighGenitive of reference/association: “concerning Lysimachus.”
5τοιαῦτατοιοῦτοςADJA-APNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur6 ἐγένετοnsubjhighSubstantivized neuter plural adjective; nominative predicate subject.
6ἐγένετογίγνομαιVERBV-AMI-3SAspect=Perfective|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid0 ROOTroothighAorist middle, 3rd singular; agrees by default with the neuter plural subject.
7··PUNCT__6 ἐγένετοpuncthigh
Sentence 2

1.11.1 sentence 2

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Ἀθηναίοις δὲ εἰκών ἐστι καὶ Πύρρου.

Copular clause: εἰκών is the predicate nominative with implied/expressed ἐστι; Ἀθηναίοις is a dative of possession/association, and Πύρρου is a genitive dependent on εἰκών (‘an image of Pyrrhus’).

punct nmod iobj cc cop cc root 1 Ἀθηναίοις Ἀθηναῖος / PROPN 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 εἰκών εἰκών / NOUN 4 ἐστι εἰμί / AUX 5 καὶ καί / CCONJ 6 Πύρρου Πύρρος / PROPN 7 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἈθηναίοιςἈθηναῖοςPROPNA-DPNCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur3 εἰκώνiobjhighDative of possession or association with εἰκών.
2δὲδέCCONJG--------_3 εἰκώνcchigh
3εἰκώνεἰκώνNOUNN-S---FN-Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing0 ROOTroothighPredicate nominative in the copular clause.
4ἐστιεἰμίAUXV3SPIA---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act3 εἰκώνcophigh
5καὶκαίCCONJC--------_6 ΠύρρουcchighCoordinates the second possessive/genitival phrase.
6ΠύρρουΠύρροςPROPNN-GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing3 εἰκώνnmodhighGenitive of identification/content: ‘of Pyrrhus’.
7..PUNCT__3 εἰκώνpuncthigh
Sentence 4

1.11.1 sentence 4

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Αἰακίδου γὰρ τοῦ Ἀρύββου Πύρρος ἦν, Ὀλυμπιάδος δὲ Ἀλέξανδρος τῆς Νεοπτολέμου, Νεοπτολέμῳ δὲ καὶ Ἀρύββᾳ πατὴρ ἦν Ἀλκέτας ὁ Θαρύπου.

The sentence contains coordinated lineage clauses with ellipsis in the first two; the final clause states that Alcetas, son of Tharyppus, was father to Neoptolemus and Arrybas.

nsubj nmod discourse nmod punct punct cc nmod nmod nmod det nmod nsubj punct cc det cc nmod nsubj nsubj det root root 1 Αἰακίδου Αἰακίδης / PROPN 2 γὰρ γάρ / PART 3 τοῦ ὁ / DET 4 Ἀρύββου Ἄρρυβας / PROPN 5 Πύρρος Πύρρος / PROPN 6 ἦν εἰμί / AUX 7 , , / PUNCT 8 Ὀλυμπιάδος Ὀλυμπιάς / PROPN 9 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 10 Ἀλέξανδρος Ἀλέξανδρος / PROPN 11 τῆς ὁ / DET 12 Νεοπτολέμου Νεοπτόλεμος / PROPN 13 , , / PUNCT 14 Νεοπτολέμῳ Νεοπτόλεμος / PROPN 15 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 16 καὶ καί / CCONJ 17 Ἀρύββᾳ Ἄρρυβας / PROPN 18 πατὴρ πατήρ / NOUN 19 ἦν εἰμί / AUX 20 Ἀλκέτας Ἀλκέτας / PROPN 21 ὁ / DET 22 Θαρύπου Θάρυππος / PROPN 23 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ΑἰακίδουΑἰακίδηςPROPNNe Gen SgCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 ΠύρροςnmodhighPatronymic/genitive of lineage.
2γὰργάρPART--------_6 ἦνdiscoursehigh
3τοῦDETArt Gen Sg MascCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 Ἀρύββουdethigh
4ἈρύββουἌρρυβαςPROPNNe Gen SgCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 ΠύρροςnmodhighGenitive dependent on the patronymic expression.
5ΠύρροςΠύρροςPROPNNe Nom SgCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 ἦνnsubjhigh
6ἦνεἰμίAUXV3 Impf Act Ind 3 SgMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighCopular verb; predicate is understood from the genitive lineage phrase.
7,,PUNCT__6 ἦνpuncthigh
8ὈλυμπιάδοςὈλυμπιάςPROPNNe Gen SgCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing10 ἈλέξανδροςnmodhighGenitive lineage phrase for Alexander.
9δὲδέCCONJ--------_10 Ἀλέξανδροςcchigh
10ἈλέξανδροςἈλέξανδροςPROPNNe Nom SgCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing19 ἦνnsubjmediumSubject of an elliptical/copular lineage clause.
11τῆςDETArt Gen Sg FemCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing12 Νεοπτολέμουdethigh
12ΝεοπτολέμουΝεοπτόλεμοςPROPNNe Gen SgCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing10 ἈλέξανδροςnmodhighGenitive dependent on Ὀλυμπιάδος.
13,,PUNCT__10 Ἀλέξανδροςpuncthigh
14ΝεοπτολέμῳΝεοπτόλεμοςPROPNNe Dat SgCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing18 πατὴρnmodhighDative of possessor/relationship with πατήρ.
15δὲδέCCONJ--------_18 πατὴρcchigh
16καὶκαίCCONJ--------_17 ἈρύββᾳcchighCoordinates the two dative possessors.
17ἈρύββᾳἌρρυβαςPROPNNe Dat SgCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing18 πατὴρnmodhighSecond dative possessor/relationship complement.
18πατὴρπατήρNOUNN Nom Sg MascCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing19 ἦνnsubjhighPredicate/subject noun in the existential lineage clause.
19ἦνεἰμίAUXV3 Impf Act Ind 3 SgMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain verb of the final clause; coordinates semantically with the earlier ἦν.
20ἈλκέταςἈλκέταςPROPNNe Nom SgCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing19 ἦνnsubjhighFather's identity, in apposition to πατήρ.
21DETArt Nom Sg MascCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing22 Θαρύπουdethigh
22ΘαρύπουΘάρυπποςPROPNNe Gen SgCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing20 ἈλκέταςnmodhighPatronymic genitive modifying Ἀλκέτας.
23..PUNCT__19 ἦνpuncthigh
Sentence 5

1.11.1 sentence 5

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ἀπὸ δὲ Θαρύπου ἐς Πύρρον τὸν Ἀχιλλέως πέντε ἀνδρῶν καὶ δέκα εἰσὶ γενεαί·

Existential εἰσί governs γενεαί; the prepositional phrases mark the genealogical span from Tharypus to Pyrrhus, with τὸν Ἀχιλλέως identifying Pyrrhus as Achilles' son. The coordination πέντε ... καὶ δέκα expresses fifteen generations; exact attachment of the genitive ἀνδρῶν is somewhat elliptical.

cc obl obl nummod conj case nmod punct case det nmod cc nsubj root 1 ἀπὸ ἀπό / ADP 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 Θαρύπου Θάρυπος / PROPN 4 ἐς εἰς / ADP 5 Πύρρον Πύρρος / PROPN 6 τὸν ὁ / DET 7 Ἀχιλλέως Ἀχιλλεύς / PROPN 8 πέντε πέντε / NUM 9 ἀνδρῶν ἀνήρ / NOUN 10 καὶ καί / CCONJ 11 δέκα δέκα / NUM 12 εἰσὶ εἰμί / VERB 13 γενεαί γενεά / NOUN 14 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἀπὸἀπόADPPAdpType=Prep3 Θαρύπουcasehigh
2δὲδέCCONJCONJ_12 εἰσὶcchigh
3ΘαρύπουΘάρυποςPROPNNe-s---g-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing12 εἰσὶoblhighObject of ἀπό.
4ἐςεἰςADPPAdpType=Prep5 Πύρρονcasehigh
5ΠύρρονΠύρροςPROPNNe-s---a-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing12 εἰσὶoblhighGoal/object of ἐς.
6τὸνDETPd-s---ma-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art5 Πύρρονdethigh
7ἈχιλλέωςἈχιλλεύςPROPNNe-s---g-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 ΠύρρονnmodhighPatronymic/possessive genitive: son or descendant of Achilles.
8πέντεπέντεNUMM----NumType=Card13 γενεαίnummodhighFirst numeral in the coordinated count.
9ἀνδρῶνἀνήρNOUNN-p---mg-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur8 πέντεnmodmediumGenitive dependent on the numeral/count, with elliptical or idiomatic construction.
10καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_11 δέκαcchigh
11δέκαδέκαNUMM----NumType=Card8 πέντεconjhighCoordinates with πέντε to form fifteen.
12εἰσὶεἰμίVERBV-3PAI-Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
13γενεαίγενεάNOUNN-p---fn-Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur12 εἰσὶnsubjhighSubject of εἰσί.
14··PUNCT__12 εἰσὶpuncthigh
Sentence 7

1.11.1 sentence 7

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καί οἱ παῖς ἐκ μὲν Ἑρμιόνης ἐγένετο οὐδείς, ἐξ Ἀνδρομάχης δὲ Μολοσσὸς καὶ Πίελος καὶ νεώτατος ὁ Πέργαμος.

The first clause has οἱ παῖς as a nominative subject with an implicit/elliptical sense ‘he had no child’; the second clause coordinates the children born from Andromache. ἐγένετο is analyzed as an intransitive aorist ‘was born/came to be’; the final predicate nominative νεώτατος agrees with Πέργαμος.

punct cc conj conj nsubj case discourse punct obl conj amod det obl nsubj case cc cc cc det root 1 καί καί / CCONJ 2 οἱ ὁ / DET 3 παῖς παῖς / NOUN 4 ἐκ ἐκ / ADP 5 μὲν μέν / PART 6 Ἑρμιόνης Ἑρμιόνη / PROPN 7 ἐγένετο γίγνομαι / VERB 8 οὐδείς οὐδείς / PRON 9 , , / PUNCT 10 ἐξ ἐκ / ADP 11 Ἀνδρομάχης Ἀνδρομάχη / PROPN 12 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 13 Μολοσσὸς Μολοσσός / PROPN 14 καὶ καί / CCONJ 15 Πίελος Πίελος / PROPN 16 καὶ καί / CCONJ 17 νεώτατος νέος / ADJ 18 ὁ / DET 19 Πέργαμος Πέργαμος / PROPN 20 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1καίκαίCCONJCONJ_7 ἐγένετοcchigh
2οἱDETT-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing3 παῖςdethighArticle with παῖς.
3παῖςπαῖςNOUNN--NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing7 ἐγένετοnsubjhighSubject of ἐγένετο; semantically ‘child/son’.
4ἐκἐκADPPREP_6 Ἑρμιόνηςcasehigh
5μὲνμένPARTPRT_7 ἐγένετοdiscoursehighCorrelative μέν with δέ.
6ἙρμιόνηςἙρμιόνηPROPNNE-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing7 ἐγένετοoblhighSource/parentage complement with ἐκ.
7ἐγένετογίγνομαιVERBV-2ADI3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid0 ROOTroothighIntransitive aorist, ‘was born/came to be’; subject is παῖς.
8οὐδείςοὐδείςPRONA--NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing7 ἐγένετοnsubjmediumNominal predicate/elliptical negative existential complement: ‘no child’; alternatively appositional to παῖς.
9,,PUNCT__7 ἐγένετοpuncthigh
10ἐξἐκADPPREP_11 Ἀνδρομάχηςcasehigh
11ἈνδρομάχηςἈνδρομάχηPROPNNE-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing13 ΜολοσσὸςoblhighSource/parentage complement governing the coordinated names.
12δὲδέCCONJCONJ_13 ΜολοσσὸςcchighCorrelative with μέν; introduces the second clause.
13ΜολοσσὸςΜολοσσόςPROPNNE-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing7 ἐγένετοconjhighFirst coordinated subject/name in the elliptical second clause.
14καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_15 Πίελοςcchigh
15ΠίελοςΠίελοςPROPNNE-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing13 ΜολοσσὸςconjhighSecond coordinated name.
16καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_17 νεώτατοςcchigh
17νεώτατοςνέοςADJA-SNSMCase=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing19 ΠέργαμοςamodhighSuperlative adjective, ‘youngest’; predicative in sense but attached to Πέργαμος.
18DETT-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing19 Πέργαμοςdethigh
19ΠέργαμοςΠέργαμοςPROPNNE-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing13 ΜολοσσὸςconjhighThird coordinated name; ὁ Πέργαμος is the youngest.
20..PUNCT__7 ἐγένετοpuncthigh
← 1.10.41.11.2 →