Grammar parses for passage 1.11.4
Open translation for this passage
Ὀλυμπιάδος δὲ ὡς ἐπεκράτησεν ἀνόσια μὲν ἐργασαμένης καὶ ἐς τὸν Ἀριδαίου θάνατον, πολλῷ δὲ ἔτι ἀνοσιώτερα ἐς ἄνδρας Μακεδόνας, καὶ διὰ ταῦτα οὐκ ἀνάξια ὕστερον ὑπὸ Κασσάνδρου παθεῖν νομισθείσης, Αἰακίδην οὖν κατʼ ἀρχὰς μὲν οὐδʼ αὐτοὶ διὰ τὸ Ὀλυμπιάδος ἔχθος ἐδέχοντο Ἠπειρῶται, εὑρομένου δὲ ἀνὰ χρόνον παρὰ τούτων συγγνώμην δεύτερα ἠναντιοῦτο Κάσσανδρος μὴ κατελθεῖν ἐς Ἤπειρον.
Complex genitive absolutes and participial clauses; Ὀλυμπιάδος/ἐργασαμένης/νομισθείσης are feminine genitive singular, while εὑρομένου is likely masculine genitive singular referring to Αἰακίδην. δεύτερα is adverbial ('for the second time').
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ὀλυμπιάδος | Ὀλυμπιάς | PROPN | N-g---s- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐπεκράτησεν | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute subject; feminine genitive singular. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 4 ἐπεκράτησεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | G--------- | _ | 4 ἐπεκράτησεν | mark | high | Introduces temporal clause. |
| 4 | ἐπεκράτησεν | ἐπικρατέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 55 ἠναντιοῦτο | advcl | medium | Finite verb of the initial temporal clause; subject is understood Olympias. |
| 5 | ἀνόσια | ἀνόσιος | ADJ | A- because | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ἐργασαμένης | obj | high | Substantivized neuter plural. |
| 6 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X--------- | _ | 5 ἀνόσια | discourse | high | |
| 7 | ἐργασαμένης | ἐργάζομαι | VERB | V-AMP-GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 1 Ὀλυμπιάδος | acl | high | Genitive feminine participle agreeing with Ὀλυμπιάδος. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 7 ἐργασαμένης | cc | high | |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 12 θάνατον | case | high | |
| 10 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | LAMS--S- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 θάνατον | det | high | |
| 11 | Ἀριδαίου | Ἀριδαῖος | PROPN | N-g---s- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 θάνατον | nmod | high | |
| 12 | θάνατον | θάνατος | NOUN | N-asm-s- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐργασαμένης | obl | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐπεκράτησεν | punct | high | |
| 14 | πολλῷ | πολύς | ADV | A-----DS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἀνοσιώτερα | advmod | medium | Adverbial dative modifying the comparative. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 17 ἀνοσιώτερα | cc | high | |
| 16 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D--------- | _ | 17 ἀνοσιώτερα | advmod | high | |
| 17 | ἀνοσιώτερα | ἀνόσιος | ADJ | A-accn-p- | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ἐργασαμένης | conj | high | Comparative neuter plural, coordinated with ἀνόσια. |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 20 Μακεδόνας | case | high | |
| 19 | ἄνδρας | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-ama-p- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ἀνοσιώτερα | obl | high | |
| 20 | Μακεδόνας | Μακεδών | PROPN | N-amp-p- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἄνδρας | nmod | high | Ethnic name modifying ἄνδρας. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἀνοσιώτερα | punct | high | |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 26 ἀνάξια | cc | high | |
| 23 | διὰ | διά | ADP | R--------- | _ | 24 ταῦτα | case | high | With accusative ταῦτα, 'because of these things'. |
| 24 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | PD----AP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 26 ἀνάξια | obl | high | |
| 25 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D--------- | Polarity=Neg | 26 ἀνάξια | advmod | high | |
| 26 | ἀνάξια | ἀνάξιος | ADJ | A-accn-p- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 30 παθεῖν | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective with infinitive παθεῖν. |
| 27 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | D--------- | _ | 30 παθεῖν | advmod | high | |
| 28 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R--------- | _ | 29 Κασσάνδρου | case | high | Agent of παθεῖν. |
| 29 | Κασσάνδρου | Κάσσανδρος | PROPN | N-g---s- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 παθεῖν | obl:agent | high | |
| 30 | παθεῖν | πάσχω | VERB | V-2AAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 31 νομισθείσης | xcomp | high | |
| 31 | νομισθείσης | νομίζω | VERB | V-APP-GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 55 ἠναντιοῦτο | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute; feminine subject is Olympias, with παθεῖν as infinitival complement. |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 55 ἠναντιοῦτο | punct | high | |
| 33 | Αἰακίδην | Αἰακίδης | PROPN | N-asm-s- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 44 ἐδέχοντο | obj | high | Object of ἐδέχοντο. |
| 34 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | X--------- | _ | 44 ἐδέχοντο | discourse | high | |
| 35 | κατʼ | κατά | ADP | R--------- | _ | 36 ἀρχὰς | case | high | With accusative ἀρχάς. |
| 36 | ἀρχὰς | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-afp-p- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 44 ἐδέχοντο | obl | high | Adverbial phrase κατʼ ἀρχάς. |
| 37 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X--------- | _ | 44 ἐδέχοντο | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with later δέ. |
| 38 | οὐδʼ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 44 ἐδέχοντο | cc | high | |
| 39 | αὐτοὶ | αὐτός | PRON | P--NM1P-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 44 ἐδέχοντο | nsubj | high | Intensifying pronoun, 'they themselves'. |
| 40 | διὰ | διά | ADP | R--------- | _ | 43 ἔχθος | case | high | With accusative ἔχθος. |
| 41 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | LANS--S- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 43 ἔχθος | det | high | |
| 42 | Ὀλυμπιάδος | Ὀλυμπιάς | PROPN | N-g---s- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 43 ἔχθος | nmod | high | |
| 43 | ἔχθος | ἔχθος | NOUN | N-an-s- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 44 ἐδέχοντο | obl | high | Cause phrase διὰ τὸ Ὀλυμπιάδος ἔχθος. |
| 44 | ἐδέχοντο | δέχομαι | VERB | V-IMI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 55 ἠναντιοῦτο | advcl | high | Main verb of the first μέν clause. |
| 45 | Ἠπειρῶται | Ἠπειρώτης | PROPN | N-NMP--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 44 ἐδέχοντο | nsubj | high | People-name used substantivally. |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 55 ἠναντιοῦτο | punct | high | |
| 47 | εὑρομένου | εὑρίσκω | VERB | V-AMP-GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 55 ἠναντιοῦτο | advcl | low | Likely genitive absolute, probably referring to Αἰακίδην; antecedent agreement is syntactically difficult. |
| 48 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 47 εὑρομένου | cc | high | |
| 49 | ἀνὰ | ἀνά | ADP | R--------- | _ | 50 χρόνον | case | high | With accusative χρόνον. |
| 50 | χρόνον | χρόνος | NOUN | N-ams-s- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 47 εὑρομένου | obl | high | Adverbial temporal phrase. |
| 51 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R--------- | _ | 52 τούτων | case | high | With genitive τούτων. |
| 52 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | PD---GP- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 53 συγγνώμην | nmod | medium | Genitive plural; antecedent likely the Epirotes. |
| 53 | συγγνώμην | συγγνώμη | NOUN | N-AF-S-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 47 εὑρομένου | obj | high | Object of εὑρομένου. |
| 54 | δεύτερα | δεύτερος | ADV | A-----NP- | Degree=Pos | 55 ἠναντιοῦτο | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative, 'a second time'. |
| 55 | ἠναντιοῦτο | ἐναντιόομαι | VERB | V-IMI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 56 | Κάσσανδρος | Κάσσανδρος | PROPN | N-NMS--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 55 ἠναντιοῦτο | nsubj | high | |
| 57 | μὴ | μή | PART | T--------- | Polarity=Neg | 58 κατελθεῖν | advmod | high | Infinitival negation. |
| 58 | κατελθεῖν | κατέρχομαι | VERB | V-2AAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 55 ἠναντιοῦτο | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of ἠναντιοῦτο. |
| 59 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 60 Ἤπειρον | case | high | |
| 60 | Ἤπειρον | Ἤπειρος | PROPN | N-AFS--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 58 κατελθεῖν | obl | high | |
| 61 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 55 ἠναντιοῦτο | punct | high |
γενομένης δὲ Φιλίππου τε ἀδελφοῦ Κασσάνδρου καὶ Αἰακίδου μάχης πρὸς Οἰνιάδαις, Αἰακίδην μὲν τρωθέντα κατέλαβε μετʼ οὐ πολὺ τὸ χρεών·
The opening is a genitive absolute: γενομένης μάχης πρὸς Οἰνιάδαις, with a compressed genitive participant phrase; the main clause is Αἰακίδην ... κατέλαβε τὸ χρεών.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γενομένης | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--PAP-Gen-Sg-Fem | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 9 μάχης | acl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 γενομένης | cc | high | |
| 3 | Φιλίππου | Φίλιππος | PROPN | Ne-----G-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀδελφοῦ | nmod | high | Personal name modifying ἀδελφοῦ. |
| 4 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 Φιλίππου | cc | high | Correlative τε with καί. |
| 5 | ἀδελφοῦ | ἀδελφός | NOUN | Nc--G-S--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 μάχης | nmod | high | Genitive dependent in the subject phrase. |
| 6 | Κασσάνδρου | Κάσσανδρος | PROPN | Ne-----G-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 μάχης | nmod | medium | Name in the coordinated genitive phrase; exact attachment is syntactically compressed. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 Κασσάνδρου | cc | high | |
| 8 | Αἰακίδου | Αἰακίδης | PROPN | Ne-----G-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 μάχης | nmod | high | Second participant/name in the genitive construction. |
| 9 | μάχης | μάχη | NOUN | Nc--G-S--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 κατέλαβε | obl | medium | Genitive of circumstance/content with γενομένης; overall phrase denotes a battle occurring. |
| 10 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 Οἰνιάδαις | case | high | |
| 11 | Οἰνιάδαις | Οἰνιάδαι | PROPN | Ne-----D-P | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 μάχης | nmod | high | Place name in dative after πρός. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 κατέλαβε | punct | high | |
| 13 | Αἰακίδην | Αἰακίδης | PROPN | Ne-----A-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 κατέλαβε | obj | high | |
| 14 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 13 Αἰακίδην | discourse | high | Correlative particle, with no following δέ in the excerpt. |
| 15 | τρωθέντα | τιτρώσκω | VERB | V--APP-A-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 13 Αἰακίδην | acl | high | Accusative participle agreeing with Αἰακίδην. |
| 16 | κατέλαβε | καταλαμβάνω | VERB | V-2IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 17 | μετʼ | μετά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 πολὺ | case | high | Elided form μετὰ before οὐ πολύ. |
| 18 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | X-------- | _ | 19 πολὺ | advmod | high | Negates πολύ in the idiom οὐ πολύ. |
| 19 | πολὺ | πολύς | ADJ | A--ASN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 κατέλαβε | obl | medium | Accusative temporal/duration phrase with μετά; substantivized with implied χρόνον. |
| 20 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S--NAN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 χρεών | det | high | |
| 21 | χρεών | χρεών | NOUN | Neut--A-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 κατέλαβε | obl | medium | Substantivized expression τὸ χρεών, 'what was fated/necessity'; construction is idiomatic. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 κατέλαβε | punct | high |