Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 1.13.2

← 1.13.1 1.13.3 →

Passage 1.13.2

Open translation for this passage

4sentences parsed

103Greek tokens

3,281input tokens

7,307output tokens

Sentence 1

1.13.2 sentence 1

Tokens: 25
Input: 816
Output: 1,850
Total: 2,666

μετὰ δὲ τὴν ἐν Ἰταλίᾳ πληγὴν ἀναπαύσας τὴν δύναμιν προεῖπεν Ἀντιγόνῳ πόλεμον, ἄλλα τε ποιούμενος ἐγκλήματα καὶ μάλιστα τῆς ἐς Ἰταλίαν βοηθείας διαμαρτίαν.

Temporal μετὰ-phrase modifies προεῖπεν; ἀναπαύσας is a prior circumstantial participle. ἄλλα ... ἐγκλήματα and διαμαρτίαν are coordinated accusative grounds/charges, with τῆς ἐς Ἰταλίαν βοηθείας dependent on διαμαρτίαν. The construction around προεῖπεν ... πόλεμον is somewhat elliptical; πόλεμον is the announced object/content and Ἀντιγόνῳ the dative addressee.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	μετὰ	μετά	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	6 πληγὴν	case	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	10 προεῖπεν	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 πληγὴν	det	high
4	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	5 Ἰταλίᾳ	case	high
5	Ἰταλίᾳ	Ἰταλία	PROPN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 πληγὴν	nmod	high	Locative dative governed by ἐν.
6	πληγὴν	πληγή	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 ἀναπαύσας	obl	high	Object of μετὰ; temporal sense, 'after the blow/defeat'.
7	ἀναπαύσας	ἀναπαύω	VERB	V-AAP-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	10 προεῖπεν	advcl	high	Circumstantial anterior participle.
8	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 δύναμιν	det	high
9	δύναμιν	δύναμις	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 ἀναπαύσας	obj	high	Object of ἀναπαύσας.
10	προεῖπεν	προαγορεύω	VERB	V-AAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
11	Ἀντιγόνῳ	Ἀντίγονος	PROPN	N-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	10 προεῖπεν	iobj	medium	Dative addressee/target of the declaration.
12	πόλεμον	πόλεμος	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	10 προεῖπεν	obj	medium	Accusative content/object: announced war.
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	10 προεῖπεν	punct	high
14	ἄλλα	ἄλλος	ADJ	A-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	17 ἐγκλήματα	amod	high	Substantivized neuter plural.
15	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	17 ἐγκλήματα	cc	high
16	ποιούμενος	ποιέω	VERB	V-PMP-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	10 προεῖπεν	advcl	medium	Participial phrase explaining the grounds or manner of declaring war.
17	ἐγκλήματα	ἔγκλημα	NOUN	N-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	16 ποιούμενος	obj	high	Object of ποιούμενος.
18	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	24 διαμαρτίαν	cc	high	Coordinates the additional charge.
19	μάλιστα	μάλιστα	ADV	D	Degree=Sup	24 διαμαρτίαν	advmod	high
20	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	23 βοηθείας	det	high
21	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	22 Ἰταλίαν	case	high	Variant/preposition ἐς.
22	Ἰταλίαν	Ἰταλία	PROPN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	23 βοηθείας	nmod	high	Goal complement of ἐς.
23	βοηθείας	βοήθεια	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	24 διαμαρτίαν	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on διαμαρτίαν: failure/mistake concerning the aid.
24	διαμαρτίαν	διαμαρτία	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	16 ποιούμενος	conj	medium	Coordinated accusative charge with ἐγκλήματα; καὶ ... μάλιστα marks emphasis.
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	10 προεῖπεν	punct	high

Sentence 2

1.13.2 sentence 2

Tokens: 30
Input: 870
Output: 2,087
Total: 2,957

κρατήσας δὲ τήν τε ἰδίαν παρασκευὴν Ἀντιγόνου καὶ τὸ παρʼ αὐτῷ Γαλατῶν ξενικὸν ἐδίωξεν ἐς τὰς ἐπὶ θαλάσσῃ πόλεις, αὐτὸς δὲ Μακεδονίας τε τῆς ἄνω καὶ Θεσσαλῶν ἐπεκράτησε.

The sentence has two coordinated finite clauses: ἐδίωξεν ... πόλεις and αὐτὸς ... ἐπεκράτησε; the genitives with ἐπεκράτησε are treated as genitive objects.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	κρατήσας	κρατέω	VERB	V-APA-NMS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Participle\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Active	14 ἐδίωξεν	advcl	high	Aorist participle, coordinated temporally/causally with the finite verb.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	14 ἐδίωξεν	cc	high
3	τήν	ὁ	DET	T-DAF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 παρασκευὴν	det	high
4	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	8 καὶ	cc	high	First member of τε ... καί coordination.
5	ἰδίαν	ἴδιος	ADJ	A-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 παρασκευὴν	amod	high
6	παρασκευὴν	παρασκευή	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	14 ἐδίωξεν	obj	high
7	Ἀντιγόνου	Ἀντίγονος	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 παρασκευὴν	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on παρασκευήν.
8	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	14 ἐδίωξεν	cc	high	Coordinates the two objects of ἐδίωξεν.
9	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-DAN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	13 ξενικὸν	det	high
10	παρʼ	παρά	ADP	P	_	11 αὐτῷ	case	high	Elided form of παρά.
11	αὐτῷ	αὐτός	PRON	P-DMS	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Prs	13 ξενικὸν	obl	high	Object of παρά in the sense 'with/under him'.
12	Γαλατῶν	Γαλάτης	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 ξενικὸν	nmod	high	Genitive modifying ξενικόν.
13	ξενικὸν	ξενικός	NOUN	A-NSN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	14 ἐδίωξεν	obj	high	Substantivized adjective, coordinated with παρασκευήν.
14	ἐδίωξεν	διώκω	VERB	V-IAA-3S	Mood=Indicative\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Active	0 ROOT	root	high
15	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	P	_	19 πόλεις	case	high	Variant form of εἰς.
16	τὰς	ὁ	DET	T-APF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	19 πόλεις	det	high
17	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	P	_	18 θαλάσσῃ	case	high	With dative, 'on/by the sea'.
18	θαλάσσῃ	θάλασσα	NOUN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	19 πόλεις	nmod	high	Dative complement of ἐπί.
19	πόλεις	πόλις	NOUN	N-APF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	14 ἐδίωξεν	obl	high	Destination with ἐς.
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	14 ἐδίωξεν	punct	high
21	αὐτὸς	αὐτός	PRON	P-NMS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Prs	29 ἐπεκράτησε	nsubj	high	Emphatic subject of ἐπεκράτησε.
22	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	29 ἐπεκράτησε	cc	high
23	Μακεδονίας	Μακεδονία	PROPN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	29 ἐπεκράτησε	obj	high	Genitive object of ἐπεκράτησε.
24	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	27 καὶ	cc	high	First member of τε ... καί coordination.
25	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	23 Μακεδονίας	det	high
26	ἄνω	ἄνω	ADV	ADV	_	23 Μακεδονίας	advmod	high	Adverbial qualifier, 'upper'.
27	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	29 ἐπεκράτησε	cc	high	Coordinates Μακεδονίας and Θεσσαλῶν.
28	Θεσσαλῶν	Θεσσαλία	PROPN	N-GPF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	29 ἐπεκράτησε	obj	high	Genitive object coordinated with Μακεδονίας.
29	ἐπεκράτησε	ἐπικρατέω	VERB	V-IAA-3S	Mood=Indicative\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Active	14 ἐδίωξεν	conj	high	Second coordinated finite verb.
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	14 ἐδίωξεν	punct	high

Sentence 3

1.13.2 sentence 3

Tokens: 41
Input: 951
Output: 2,782
Total: 3,733

δηλοῖ δὲ μάλιστα τὸ μέγεθος τῆς μάχης καὶ τὴν Πύρρου νίκην, ὡς παρὰ πολὺ γένοιτο, τὰ ἀνατεθέντα ὅπλα τῶν Κελτῶν ἐς τε τὸ τῆς Ἀθηνᾶς ἱερὸν τῆς Ἰτωνίας Φερῶν μεταξὺ καὶ Λαρίσης καὶ τὸ ἐπίγραμμα τὸ ἐπʼ αὐτοῖς·

Main verb δηλοῖ takes coordinated accusative objects μέγεθος and νίκην; the following ὡς-clause is parenthetical, while τὰ ἀνατεθέντα ὅπλα and τὸ ἐπίγραμμα are coordinated nominative subjects or evidence-objects construed with an implied δηλοῖ/δηλοῦσιν. μεταξὺ governs the genitive place names; ἐς introduces the destination phrase.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	δηλοῖ	δηλόω	VERB	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 δηλοῖ	cc	high
3	μάλιστα	μάλιστα	ADV	ADV	Degree=Sup	1 δηλοῖ	advmod	high
4	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	5 μέγεθος	det	high
5	μέγεθος	μέγεθος	NOUN	N-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	1 δηλοῖ	obj	high
6	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 μάχης	det	high
7	μάχης	μάχη	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	5 μέγεθος	nmod	high
8	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	11 νίκην	cc	high
9	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	11 νίκην	det	high
10	Πύρρου	Πύρρος	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 νίκην	nmod:poss	high
11	νίκην	νίκη	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	1 δηλοῖ	obj	high
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	1 δηλοῖ	punct	high
13	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	CONJ	_	16 γένοιτο	mark	medium	Introduces a parenthetical explanatory clause.
14	παρὰ	παρά	ADP	PREP	_	15 πολὺ	case	high
15	πολὺ	πολύς	ADJ	A-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	16 γένοιτο	advmod	high	Adverbial accusative, ‘by much/far’.
16	γένοιτο	γίγνομαι	VERB	V-AOM-3S	Mood=Opt\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	1 δηλοῖ	advcl	medium	Optative in an explanatory ὡς-clause; understood subject is the battle/result.
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	16 γένοιτο	punct	high
18	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T-NPN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	20 ὅπλα	det	high
19	ἀνατεθέντα	ἀνατίθημι	VERB	V-APP-NPN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Pass	20 ὅπλα	amod	high	Substantivized participle modifying ὅπλα.
20	ὅπλα	ὅπλον	NOUN	N-NPN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	1 δηλοῖ	nsubj	medium	Coordinated evidential subject with τὸ ἐπίγραμμα; agreement with an implied plural verb is possible.
21	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	22 Κελτῶν	det	high
22	Κελτῶν	Κέλτης	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	20 ὅπλα	nmod:poss	high
23	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	PREP	_	28 ἱερὸν	case	high
24	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	28 ἱερὸν	cc	high	First member of τε ... καί coordination.
25	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	28 ἱερὸν	det	high
26	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	27 Ἀθηνᾶς	det	high
27	Ἀθηνᾶς	Ἀθηνᾶ	PROPN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	28 ἱερὸν	nmod:poss	high
28	ἱερὸν	ἱερόν	NOUN	N-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	20 ὅπλα	nmod	medium	Destination phrase with ἐς; τῆς Ἰτωνίας modifies ἱερόν.
29	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	30 Ἰτωνίας	det	high
30	Ἰτωνίας	Ἰτωνία	PROPN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	28 ἱερὸν	nmod:poss	high
31	Φερῶν	Φεραί	PROPN	N-GPF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	32 μεταξὺ	obl	medium	Genitive governed by μεταξὺ.
32	μεταξὺ	μεταξύ	ADP	PREP	_	28 ἱερὸν	nmod	high	Postposed/prepositional relation ‘between’.
33	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	34 Λαρίσης	cc	high
34	Λαρίσης	Λάρισα	PROPN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	32 μεταξὺ	obl	high	Second complement of μεταξύ.
35	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	37 ἐπίγραμμα	cc	high	Coordinates τὸ ἐπίγραμμα with τὰ ὅπλα.
36	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	37 ἐπίγραμμα	det	high
37	ἐπίγραμμα	ἐπίγραμμα	NOUN	N-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	20 ὅπλα	conj	medium	Coordinated evidential noun; syntactic construction is somewhat elliptical.
38	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	37 ἐπίγραμμα	det	high
39	ἐπʼ	ἐπί	ADP	PREP	_	40 αὐτοῖς	case	high
40	αὐτοῖς	αὐτός	PRON	P-DPN	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|Person=3	37 ἐπίγραμμα	nmod	high	Dative complement of ἐπί in the phrase ‘inscribed on them’.
41	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	1 δηλοῖ	punct	high

Sentence 4

1.13.2 sentence 4

Tokens: 7
Input: 644
Output: 588
Total: 1,232

τοὺς θυρεοὺς ὁ Μολοσσὸς Ἰτωνίδι δῶρον Ἀθάνᾳ

The phrase is syntactically elliptical, probably describing the Molossian's dedication of the shields as a gift to Athena Itonis; the governing verb is omitted.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	T-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	2 θυρεοὺς	det	high
2	θυρεοὺς	θυρεός	NOUN	Nb	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	0 ROOT	root	medium	Elliptical accusative phrase; the governing verb is omitted or understood from context.
3	ὁ	ὁ	DET	T-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 Μολοσσὸς	det	high
4	Μολοσσὸς	Μολοσσός	PROPN	Nb	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	2 θυρεοὺς	nsubj	medium	Proper name, likely the agent/subject of an omitted verb.
5	Ἰτωνίδι	Ἰτωνίς	PROPN	Nb	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 Ἀθάνᾳ	amod	medium	Cult epithet of Athena, agreeing with Ἀθάνᾳ.
6	δῶρον	δῶρον	NOUN	Nb	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	2 θυρεοὺς	obj	low	Likely predicate/appositional accusative ('as a gift') in an elliptical phrase; exact attachment is uncertain.
7	Ἀθάνᾳ	Ἀθάνα	PROPN	Nb	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	2 θυρεοὺς	iobj	medium	Recipient/dative of dedication; Ἰτωνίδι is an agreeing epithet.

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