Grammar parses for passage 1.13.9
Open translation for this passage
θαῦμα δὴ ποιοῦμαι τῶν καλουμένων Αἰακιδῶν τρισὶ κατὰ τὰ αὐτὰ ἐκ τοῦ θεοῦ συμβῆναι τὴν τελευτήν, εἴ γε Ἀχιλλέα μὲν Ὅμηρος ὑπὸ Ἀλεξάνδρου φησὶ τοῦ Πριάμου καὶ Ἀπόλλωνος ἀπολέσθαι, Πύρρον δὲ τὸν Ἀχιλλέως ἡ Πυθία προσέταξεν ἀποκτεῖναι Δελφοῖς, τῷ δὲ Αἰακίδου συνέβη τὰ ἐς τὴν τελευτὴν οἷα Ἀργεῖοί τε λέγουσι καὶ Λυκέας ἐποίησε.
The sentence is a long series of coordinated explanatory clauses after the main assertion; several internal accusative-and-infinitive or indirect-speech structures are compressed and somewhat ambiguous.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | θαῦμα | θαῦμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ποιοῦμαι | obj | high | Accusative-like use absent; nominative functioning as object/predicate complement with ποιοῦμαι. |
| 2 | δὴ | δή | PART | D-------- | _ | 3 ποιοῦμαι | discourse | high | Enclitic particle. |
| 3 | ποιοῦμαι | ποιέω | VERB | V-1SPMI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 Αἰακιδῶν | det | high | Article. |
| 5 | καλουμένων | καλέω | VERB | V-PMP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 6 Αἰακιδῶν | amod | high | Participle modifying Αἰακιδῶν. |
| 6 | Αἰακιδῶν | Αἰακίδης | PROPN | Np-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 θαῦμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on θαῦμα. |
| 7 | τρισὶ | τρεῖς | NUM | M-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 συμβῆναι | obl | medium | Likely dative with συμβῆναι in sense of 'in three cases'. |
| 8 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R--- | _ | 10 αὐτὰ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 9 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 αὐτὰ | det | high | Article. |
| 10 | αὐτὰ | αὐτός | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 συμβῆναι | obl | high | Part of prepositional phrase κατὰ τὰ αὐτά. |
| 11 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R--- | _ | 13 θεοῦ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 12 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 θεοῦ | det | high | Article. |
| 13 | θεοῦ | θεός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 συμβῆναι | obl | high | Genitive object of ἐκ. |
| 14 | συμβῆναι | συμβαίνω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 3 ποιοῦμαι | xcomp | high | Complement to ποιοῦμαι. |
| 15 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 τελευτήν | det | high | Article. |
| 16 | τελευτήν | τελευτή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 συμβῆναι | obj | high | Object of συμβῆναι. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ποιοῦμαι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 18 | εἴ | εἰ | SCONJ | C--------- | _ | 25 φησὶ | mark | high | Conditional marker introducing clause. |
| 19 | γε | γε | PART | G-------- | _ | 18 εἴ | discourse | high | Emphatic particle with εἰ. |
| 20 | Ἀχιλλέα | Ἀχιλλεύς | PROPN | Np-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 ἀπολέσθαι | obj | high | Subject of infinitive ἀπολέσθαι in accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 21 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 20 Ἀχιλλέα | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 22 | Ὅμηρος | Ὅμηρος | PROPN | Np-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 φησὶ | nsubj | high | Subject of φησὶ. |
| 23 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R--- | _ | 24 Ἀλεξάνδρου | case | high | Preposition. |
| 24 | Ἀλεξάνδρου | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | Np-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 ἀπολέσθαι | obl | high | Agentive genitive with ὑπό. |
| 25 | φησὶ | φημί | VERB | V-3SPI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 3 ποιοῦμαι | advcl | high | Finite verb in conditional clause. |
| 26 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 27 Πριάμου | det | high | Article. |
| 27 | Πριάμου | Πρίαμος | PROPN | Np-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 Ὅμηρος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on Ἀλεξάνδρου? Syntax is somewhat compressed; taken as apposition/modifier within the reported tradition. |
| 28 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 29 Ἀπόλλωνος | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 29 | Ἀπόλλωνος | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | Np-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 Πριάμου | conj | high | Coordinated to Πριάμου in the genitive phrase. |
| 30 | ἀπολέσθαι | ἀπόλλυμι | VERB | V-ANM | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 25 φησὶ | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of φησὶ. |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 φησὶ | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 32 | Πύρρον | Πύρρος | PROPN | Np-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 39 ἀποκτεῖναι | obj | high | Subject/object of infinitive ἀποκτεῖναι in ACI-like construction. |
| 33 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 32 Πύρρον | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 34 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 35 Ἀχιλλέως | det | high | Article. |
| 35 | Ἀχιλλέως | Ἀχιλλεύς | PROPN | Np-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 Πύρρον | nmod | high | Genitive modifying Πύρρον. |
| 36 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 37 Πυθία | det | high | Article. |
| 37 | Πυθία | Πυθία | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 38 προσέταξεν | nsubj | high | Subject of προσέταξεν. |
| 38 | προσέταξεν | προστάσσω | VERB | V-3SAIA- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 3 ποιοῦμαι | advcl | high | Finite verb in coordinated explanatory clause. |
| 39 | ἀποκτεῖναι | ἀποκτείνω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 38 προσέταξεν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive. |
| 40 | Δελφοῖς | Δελφοί | PROPN | Np-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 39 ἀποκτεῖναι | obl | medium | Dative of place/agent/instrument; likely place affected. |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 38 προσέταξεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 42 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 44 Αἰακίδου | det | high | Article. |
| 43 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 42 τῷ | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 44 | Αἰακίδου | Αἰακίδης | PROPN | Np-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 45 συνέβη | nsubj | medium | Genitive seems dependent on συνέβη in impersonal/dative construction; exact syntax compressed. |
| 45 | συνέβη | συμβαίνω | VERB | V-3SAAI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 3 ποιοῦμαι | advcl | high | Finite verb; coordinated with previous examples. |
| 46 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 49 τελευτὴν | det | high | Article. |
| 47 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--- | _ | 49 τελευτὴν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 48 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 49 τελευτὴν | det | high | Article. |
| 49 | τελευτὴν | τελευτή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 46 τὰ | nmod | medium | Part of prepositional phrase ἐς τὴν τελευτήν modifying τὰ. |
| 50 | οἷα | οἷος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 46 τὰ | amod | medium | Correlative/adjectival modifier with implied antecedent. |
| 51 | Ἀργεῖοί | Ἀργεῖος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 53 λέγουσι | nsubj | high | Subject of λέγουσι. |
| 52 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 51 Ἀργεῖοί | discourse | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 53 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-3PPI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 56 ἐποίησε | advcl | medium | Clause coordinated with ἐποίησε; the exact attachment is somewhat uncertain. |
| 54 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 55 Λυκέας | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 55 | Λυκέας | Λυκεύς | PROPN | Np-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 56 ἐποίησε | obj | medium | Likely object of ἐποίησε; token form may reflect a name/title with case ambiguity. |
| 56 | ἐποίησε | ποιέω | VERB | V-3SAIA- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 45 συνέβη | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb with συνέβη. |
| 57 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ποιοῦμαι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
διάφορα δὲ ὅμως ἐστὶ καὶ ταῦτα ὧν Ἱερώνυμος ὁ Καρδιανὸς ἔγραψεν· ἀνδρὶ γὰρ βασιλεῖ συνόντα ἀνάγκη πᾶσα ἐς χάριν συγγράφειν.
The first clause is a copular statement with a relative clause; the second is an impersonal construction with ἀνάγκη taking an infinitival complement, and the participle συνόντα is syntactically compressed/elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | διάφορα | διάφορος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ἐστὶ | xcomp | high | Predicative complement with ἐστὶ. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 4 ἐστὶ | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | ὅμως | ὅμως | ADV | _ | _ | 4 ἐστὶ | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the clause. |
| 4 | ἐστὶ | εἰμί | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 ταῦτα | cc | high | Connects ταῦτα with προηγούμενο idea. |
| 6 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ἐστὶ | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστὶ. |
| 7 | ὧν | ὅς | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 ἔγραψεν | obj | medium | Relative pronoun, likely object of ἔγραψεν with partitive/relative relation to ταῦτα. |
| 8 | Ἱερώνυμος | Ἱερώνυμος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἔγραψεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔγραψεν. |
| 9 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Καρδιανὸς | det | high | Article modifying Καρδιανὸς. |
| 10 | Καρδιανὸς | Καρδιανός | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Ἱερώνυμος | appos | high | Apposition to Ἱερώνυμος. |
| 11 | ἔγραψεν | γράφω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 7 ὧν | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying ὧν. |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστὶ | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
| 13 | ἀνδρὶ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 συνόντα | obl | high | Dative complement of συνόντα. |
| 14 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 17 ἀνάγκη | discourse | high | Explanatory particle. |
| 15 | βασιλεῖ | βασιλεύς | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 συνόντα | obl | high | Dative complement of συνόντα. |
| 16 | συνόντα | σύνειμι | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 17 ἀνάγκη | advcl | medium | Participial clause; case is likely accusative agreeing with implicit subject/object context, though syntax is compressed. |
| 17 | ἀνάγκη | ἀνάγκη | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second clause root, impersonal noun. |
| 18 | πᾶσα | πᾶς | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἀνάγκη | amod | high | Modifies ἀνάγκη. |
| 19 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 20 χάριν | case | high | Preposition governing χάριν. |
| 20 | χάριν | χάρις | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 συγγράφειν | obl | medium | Goal/purpose phrase with infinitive; could also be analyzed as fixed prepositional complement. |
| 21 | συγγράφειν | συγγράφω | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 17 ἀνάγκη | xcomp | high | Complement of ἀνάγκη. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἀνάγκη | punct | high | Final punctuation. |