Grammar parses for passage 1.15.1
Open translation for this passage
ἰοῦσι δὲ πρὸς τὴν στοάν, ἣν Ποικίλην ὀνομάζουσιν ἀπὸ τῶν γραφῶν, ἔστιν Ἑρμῆς χαλκοῦς καλούμενος Ἀγοραῖος καὶ πύλη πλησίον·
The sentence has an initial circumstantial dative participle ἰοῦσι, with στοάν as the goal of motion; ἣν ... ὀνομάζουσιν is a relative clause modifying στοάν. The final ἔστιν introduces coordinated nominal predicates Ἑρμῆς and πύλη, with χαλκοῦς and καλούμενος modifying Ἑρμῆς; πλησίον is a locative adverb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἰοῦσι | εἶμι | VERB | V-PPAP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 14 ἔστιν | advcl | high | Circumstantial present active participle, dative plural masculine, agreeing with an understood plural subject. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἰοῦσι | cc | high | |
| 3 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 στοάν | case | high | |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 στοάν | det | high | |
| 5 | στοάν | στοά | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἰοῦσι | obl | high | Goal of motion with πρός. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 στοάν | punct | high | |
| 7 | ἣν | ὅς | PRON | R-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 9 ὀνομάζουσιν | obj | high | Relative pronoun referring to στοάν. |
| 8 | Ποικίλην | Ποικίλος | PROPN | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ὀνομάζουσιν | xcomp | high | Predicative accusative name/title after ὀνομάζουσιν; capitalized in the input. |
| 9 | ὀνομάζουσιν | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 ἰοῦσι | acl:relcl | high | Relative-clause predicate. |
| 10 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 γραφῶν | case | high | |
| 11 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPF | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 γραφῶν | det | high | |
| 12 | γραφῶν | γραφή | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 ὀνομάζουσιν | obl | high | Source/basis phrase with ἀπό. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ὀνομάζουσιν | punct | high | |
| 14 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/presentational main predicate. |
| 15 | Ἑρμῆς | Ἑρμῆς | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἔστιν | nsubj | high | First item presented as existing. |
| 16 | χαλκοῦς | χαλκοῦς | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Ἑρμῆς | amod | high | Bronze, agreeing with Ἑρμῆς. |
| 17 | καλούμενος | καλέω | VERB | V-PPMP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 15 Ἑρμῆς | acl | high | Adjectival passive participle, ‘called’; agrees with Ἑρμῆς. |
| 18 | Ἀγοραῖος | ἀγοραῖος | PROPN | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 καλούμενος | xcomp | medium | Name/title complement of καλούμενος; tagged PROPN because it functions as the proper designation. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 Ἑρμῆς | cc | high | Coordinates the second presented noun with Ἑρμῆς. |
| 20 | πύλη | πύλη | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἔστιν | conj | high | Second coordinated nominative item after presentational ἔστιν. |
| 21 | πλησίον | πλησίον | ADV | ADV | _ | 20 πύλη | advmod | high | Locative adverb, ‘nearby’. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἔστιν | punct | high |
ἔπεστι δέ οἱ τρόπαιον Ἀθηναίων ἱππομαχίᾳ κρατησάντων Πλείσταρχον, ὃς τῆς ἵππου Κασσάνδρου καὶ τοῦ ξενικοῦ τὴν ἀρχὴν ἀδελφὸς ὢν ἐπετέτραπτο.
ἔπεστι is existential/locative ‘there is’, with οἱ as dative possessor and τρόπαιον as subject; the genitive absolute Ἀθηναίων ... κρατησάντων supplies the circumstance. Πλείσταρχον is the accusative object of κρατησάντων. In the relative clause, ὃς refers to Πλείσταρχον; ἀδελφὸς ὢν is a concessive/causal participial predicate, while ἐπετέτραπτο governs the accusatives τὴν ἀρχὴν and likely coordinated genitives τῆς ἵππου ... καὶ τοῦ ξενικοῦ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔπεστι | ἔπειμι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 τρόπαιον | cop | medium | Existential/locative verb, ‘there is’; parsed as predicate of τρόπαιον. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔπεστι | cc | high | |
| 3 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P-DAT-3S | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 1 ἔπεστι | iobj | medium | Dative possessor/experiencer; enclitic form of third-person pronoun. |
| 4 | τρόπαιον | τρόπαιον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Subject of existential ἔπεστι. |
| 5 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 κρατησάντων | nsubj | high | Subject of genitive absolute. |
| 6 | ἱππομαχίᾳ | ἱππομαχία | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 κρατησάντων | obl | high | Dative of manner/means, ‘in cavalry battle’. |
| 7 | κρατησάντων | κρατέω | VERB | V-PAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 τρόπαιον | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 8 | Πλείσταρχον | Πλείσταρχος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 κρατησάντων | obj | high | Accusative object of κρατησάντων. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 κρατησάντων | punct | high | |
| 10 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | P-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 21 ἐπετέτραπτο | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun referring to Πλείσταρχον. |
| 11 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 ἵππου | det | high | |
| 12 | ἵππου | ἵππος | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἀρχὴν | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on ἀρχήν, probably ‘the cavalry of Cassander’. |
| 13 | Κασσάνδρου | Κάσσανδρος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἵππου | nmod | high | Dependent genitive, ‘of Cassander’. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ξενικοῦ | cc | high | |
| 15 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 ξενικοῦ | det | high | |
| 16 | ξενικοῦ | ξενικός | ADJ | A-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἀρχὴν | nmod | medium | Substantivized adjective, coordinated with τῆς ἵππου; ‘mercenary force’. |
| 17 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 ἀρχὴν | det | high | |
| 18 | ἀρχὴν | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ἐπετέτραπτο | obj | high | Accusative object of ἐπετέτραπτο. |
| 19 | ἀδελφὸς | ἀδελφός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ὢν | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative with ὢν. |
| 20 | ὢν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 21 ἐπετέτραπτο | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with ὃς. |
| 21 | ἐπετέτραπτο | ἐπιτρέπω | VERB | V-LPI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Plup|Voice=Pass | 10 ὃς | acl:relcl | medium | Pluperfect passive; syntax of the governed ἀρχήν is somewhat idiomatic/uncertain. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἐπετέτραπτο | punct | high |
γέγραπται δὲ οὐκ ἐς ἀκμὴν ἀγῶνος οὐδὲ τολμημάτων ἐς ἐπίδειξιν τὸ ἔργον ἤδη προῆκον, ἀλλὰ ἀρχομένη τε ἡ μάχη καὶ ἐς χεῖρας ἔτι συνιόντες.
Perfect γέγραπται is the root; τὸ ἔργον is its accusative subject/theme, with προῆκον as a supplementary participle. The final participial phrase coordinates with an understood subject/context and describes the battle beginning and combatants joining; attachment of ἀρχομένη is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γέγραπται | γράφω | VERB | V-RPI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 γέγραπται | cc | high | |
| 3 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 14 προῆκον | advmod | high | |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 ἀκμὴν | case | high | Epic/poetic form of εἰς. |
| 5 | ἀκμὴν | ἀκμή | NOUN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 προῆκον | obl | high | |
| 6 | ἀγῶνος | ἀγών | NOUN | N-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀκμὴν | nmod | high | |
| 7 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 τολμημάτων | cc | high | |
| 8 | τολμημάτων | τόλμημα | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἀκμὴν | nmod | high | Coordinated genitive with ἀγῶνος. |
| 9 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 10 ἐπίδειξιν | case | high | Epic/poetic form of εἰς. |
| 10 | ἐπίδειξιν | ἐπίδειξις | NOUN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 προῆκον | obl | high | Second coordinated ἐς-phrase. |
| 11 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ANS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἔργον | det | high | |
| 12 | ἔργον | ἔργον | NOUN | N-ANS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 προῆκον | nsubj | medium | Accusative theme/subject of the participle; some analyses may treat it as object of an understood verb with γέγραπται. |
| 13 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | ADV | _ | 14 προῆκον | advmod | high | |
| 14 | προῆκον | προάγω | VERB | V-PAP-ANS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 γέγραπται | xcomp | medium | Supplementary participle linked to γέγραπται; agrees with τὸ ἔργον. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 14 προῆκον | punct | high | |
| 16 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ἀρχομένη | cc | high | Introduces corrective/contrasting participial phrase. |
| 17 | ἀρχομένη | ἄρχω | VERB | V-PPP-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 20 μάχη | acl | medium | Agrees with ἡ μάχη; middle/passive form means 'beginning'. |
| 18 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ἀρχομένη | cc | high | |
| 19 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 μάχη | det | high | |
| 20 | μάχη | μάχη | NOUN | N-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 συνιόντες | nsubj | medium | Subject of ἀρχομένη; the whole phrase is coordinated/elliptically attached after ἀλλά. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 25 συνιόντες | cc | high | |
| 22 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 23 χεῖρας | case | high | Epic/poetic form of εἰς. |
| 23 | χεῖρας | χείρ | NOUN | N-AFP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 25 συνιόντες | obl | high | Idiomatic εἰς χεῖρας, 'to close combat'. |
| 24 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | ADV | _ | 25 συνιόντες | advmod | high | |
| 25 | συνιόντες | σύνειμι | VERB | V-PAP-NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 17 ἀρχομένη | conj | medium | Nominal plural participle with an understood masculine plural subject; coordinated with the preceding participial description. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 1 γέγραπται | punct | high |