Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 1.15.2

← 1.15.1 1.15.3 →

Passage 1.15.2

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3sentences parsed

75Greek tokens

2,439input tokens

5,453output tokens

Sentence 1

1.15.2 sentence 1

Tokens: 12
Input: 677
Output: 874
Total: 1,551

ἐν δὲ τῷ μέσῳ τῶν τοίχων Ἀθηναῖοι καὶ Θησεὺς Ἀμαζόσι μάχονται.

The prepositional phrase ἐν τῷ μέσῳ τῶν τοίχων is an adjunct of μάχονται; Ἀθηναῖοι and Θησεύς form a coordinated plural subject, with singular Θησεύς included under shared coordination. Ἀμαζόσι is a dative of combat opponent.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	_	4 μέσῳ	case	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	11 μάχονται	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	τῷ	ὁ	DET	T-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 μέσῳ	det	high
4	μέσῳ	μέσος	NOUN	A-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 μάχονται	obl	high	Substantivized adjective, 'middle/center'.
5	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	6 τοίχων	det	high
6	τοίχων	τοῖχος	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	4 μέσῳ	nmod	high
7	Ἀθηναῖοι	Ἀθηναῖος	PROPN	A-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	11 μάχονται	nsubj	high	Ethnic name used substantivally.
8	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	9 Θησεὺς	cc	high
9	Θησεὺς	Θησεύς	PROPN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	7 Ἀθηναῖοι	conj	high	Proper-name nominative; coordinated subject despite singular form.
10	Ἀμαζόσι	Ἀμαζών	PROPN	N-DPF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	11 μάχονται	obl	high	Dative opponent with μάχομαι.
11	μάχονται	μάχομαι	VERB	V-PPM-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high
12	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	11 μάχονται	punct	high

Sentence 2

1.15.2 sentence 2

Tokens: 47
Input: 1,050
Output: 3,345
Total: 4,395

μόναις δὲ ἄρα ταῖς γυναιξὶν οὐκ ἀφῄρει τὰ πταίσματα τὸ ἐς τοὺς κινδύνους ἀφειδές, εἴ γε Θεμισκύρας τε ἁλούσης ὑπὸ Ἡρακλέους καὶ ὕστερον φθαρείσης σφίσι τῆς στρατιᾶς, ἣν ἐπʼ Ἀθήνας ἔστειλαν, ὅμως ἐς Τροίαν ἦλθον Ἀθηναίοις τε αὐτοῖς μαχούμεναι καὶ τοῖς πᾶσιν Ἕλλησιν.

Main clause: τὸ ἐς τοὺς κινδύνους ἀφειδές is the subject of ἀφῄρει, with μόναις ταῖς γυναιξίν as dative of respect; εἴ γε introduces a concessive condition, and ἣν refers to στρατιᾶς. The final participles μαχούμεναι coordinate with ἦλθον.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	μόναις	μόνος	ADJ	A--D-P--	Case=Dat\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	5 γυναιξὶν	amod	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C---------	_	7 ἀφῄρει	cc	high
3	ἄρα	ἄρα	PART	D---------	_	7 ἀφῄρει	discourse	high
4	ταῖς	ὁ	DET	LFD-P---D	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	5 γυναιξὶν	det	high
5	γυναιξὶν	γυνή	NOUN	NFD-P---D	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	7 ἀφῄρει	iobj	high	Dative of respect/affected group.
6	οὐκ	οὐ	PART	D---------	Polarity=Neg	7 ἀφῄρει	advmod	high
7	ἀφῄρει	ἀφαιρέω	VERB	V3IIAI-S3-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imperfect\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
8	τὰ	ὁ	DET	LNA-P---A	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	9 πταίσματα	det	high
9	πταίσματα	πταῖσμα	NOUN	NNA-P---A	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	7 ἀφῄρει	obj	high	Object of ἀφῄρει.
10	τὸ	ὁ	DET	LNS-S---N	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	14 ἀφειδές	det	high	Article substantivizing the adjective phrase.
11	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R---------	_	13 κινδύνους	case	high
12	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	LMA-P---A	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	13 κινδύνους	det	high
13	κινδύνους	κίνδυνος	NOUN	NMA-P---A	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	14 ἀφειδές	obl	high	Object of ἐς within the adjective phrase.
14	ἀφειδές	ἀφειδής	ADJ	A--NSN--	Case=Nom\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	7 ἀφῄρει	nsubj	high	Substantivized neuter adjective, subject of ἀφῄρει.
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	7 ἀφῄρει	punct	high
16	εἴ	εἰ	SCONJ	C---------	_	38 ἦλθον	mark	high	Introduces concessive condition with γε.
17	γε	γε	PART	D---------	_	16 εἴ	advmod	high
18	Θεμισκύρας	Θεμισκύρα	PROPN	NEF-S---G	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	20 ἁλούσης	nsubj	high
19	τε	τε	CCONJ	C---------	_	20 ἁλούσης	cc	high	Coordinates the two genitive-absolute participial clauses.
20	ἁλούσης	ἁλίσκομαι	VERB	V9SAPA-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Pass	38 ἦλθον	advcl	high	Genitive absolute with Θεμισκύρας.
21	ὑπὸ	ὑπό	ADP	R---------	_	22 Ἡρακλέους	case	high
22	Ἡρακλέους	Ἡρακλῆς	PROPN	NEO-S---G	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	20 ἁλούσης	obl:agent	high
23	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C---------	_	25 φθαρείσης	cc	high	Coordinates the genitive-absolute participles.
24	ὕστερον	ὕστερον	ADV	D---------	_	25 φθαρείσης	advmod	high
25	φθαρείσης	φθείρω	VERB	V6SAPP-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Pass	38 ἦλθον	advcl	high	Genitive absolute; its genitive subject is στρατιᾶς.
26	σφίσι	σφεῖς	PRON	RP-P---D-	Case=Dat\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	25 φθαρείσης	iobj	medium	Dative pronoun, likely ethical/possessive with φθαρείσης.
27	τῆς	ὁ	DET	LFS-S---G	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	28 στρατιᾶς	det	high
28	στρατιᾶς	στρατιά	NOUN	NFS-S---G	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	25 φθαρείσης	nsubj	high	Genitive subject of the genitive-absolute participle.
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	38 ἦλθον	punct	high
30	ἣν	ὅς	PRON	RRF-S---A	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Rel	33 ἔστειλαν	obj	high	Relative pronoun referring to στρατιᾶς.
31	ἐπʼ	ἐπί	ADP	R---------	_	32 Ἀθήνας	case	high
32	Ἀθήνας	Ἀθῆναι	PROPN	NEFP---A	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	33 ἔστειλαν	obl	high
33	ἔστειλαν	στέλλω	VERB	V3AAI-P3-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Act	28 στρατιᾶς	acl:relcl	high	Relative clause modifying στρατιᾶς; implicit subject is the women.
34	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	38 ἦλθον	punct	high
35	ὅμως	ὅμως	ADV	D---------	_	38 ἦλθον	advmod	high	Concessive adverb.
36	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R---------	_	37 Τροίαν	case	high
37	Τροίαν	Τροία	PROPN	NFS-S---A	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	38 ἦλθον	obl	high
38	ἦλθον	ἔρχομαι	VERB	V2AAI-P3-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aorist\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main finite verb; coordinated with the preceding clause by discourse/concessive structure.
39	Ἀθηναίοις	Ἀθηναῖος	ADJ	A--DPM--	Case=Dat\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	42 μαχούμεναι	iobj	high	Dative with μαχούμεναι.
40	τε	τε	CCONJ	C---------	_	42 μαχούμεναι	cc	high
41	αὐτοῖς	αὐτός	PRON	P--DPM--	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Prs	39 Ἀθηναίοις	advmod	medium	Intensifying/identifying adjective-pronoun, ‘the Athenians themselves’.
42	μαχούμεναι	μάχομαι	VERB	V--FMP-NPF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Future\|Voice=Mid	38 ἦλθον	advcl	high	Future middle participle expressing purpose or attendant circumstance.
43	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C---------	_	46 Ἕλλησιν	cc	high
44	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	LMD-P---D	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	46 Ἕλλησιν	det	high
45	πᾶσιν	πᾶς	ADJ	A--DPM--	Case=Dat\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	46 Ἕλλησιν	amod	high
46	Ἕλλησιν	Ἕλλην	NOUN	NMD-P---D	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	42 μαχούμεναι	obl	high	Second coordinated dative complement of μαχούμεναι.
47	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	38 ἦλθον	punct	high

Sentence 4

1.15.2 sentence 4

Tokens: 16
Input: 712
Output: 1,234
Total: 1,946

καὶ αὐτὸν ἡ γραφὴ τὸν Αἴαντα ἔχει καὶ γυναῖκας τῶν αἰχμαλώτων ἄλλας τε καὶ Κασσάνδραν.

The finite verb ἔχει has coordinated objects: the substantivized accusative phrase τὸν Αἴαντα and γυναῖκας; αὐτόν is a preceding accusative object/resumptive pronoun, while ἡ γραφή is the subject. ἄλλας τε καὶ Κασσάνδραν coordinates further accusative objects/qualifiers with γυναῖκας; τῶν αἰχμαλώτων is a genitive dependent on γυναῖκας.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	Conj	_	7 ἔχει	cc	high
2	αὐτὸν	αὐτός	PRON	P pers 3 S Acc M	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	7 ἔχει	obj	medium	Resumptive/initial accusative object, with the following τὸν Αἴαντα in apposition or specification.
3	ἡ	ὁ	DET	Art Sg Fem Nom	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	4 γραφὴ	det	high
4	γραφὴ	γραφή	NOUN	N Sg Fem Nom	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 ἔχει	nsubj	high
5	τὸν	ὁ	DET	Art Sg Masc Acc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	6 Αἴαντα	det	high
6	Αἴαντα	Αἴας	PROPN	N Sg Masc Acc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	7 ἔχει	obj	high	Accusative object of ἔχει; coordinated/specifying relation to αὐτόν.
7	ἔχει	ἔχω	VERB	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
8	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	Conj	_	7 ἔχει	cc	high
9	γυναῖκας	γυνή	NOUN	N Pl Fem Acc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	7 ἔχει	obj	high
10	τῶν	ὁ	DET	Art Pl Gen	Case=Gen\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	11 αἰχμαλώτων	det	high
11	αἰχμαλώτων	αἰχμάλωτος	ADJ	A Pl Gen	Case=Gen\|Number=Plur	9 γυναῖκας	nmod	high	Substantivized adjective: ‘of the captives’.
12	ἄλλας	ἄλλος	ADJ	A Pl Fem Acc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	9 γυναῖκας	amod	medium	Accusative adjective agreeing with γυναῖκας, in coordination with Κασσάνδραν.
13	τε	τε	CCONJ	Conj	_	12 ἄλλας	cc	high
14	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	Conj	_	15 Κασσάνδραν	cc	high
15	Κασσάνδραν	Κασσάνδρα	PROPN	N Sg Fem Acc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 γυναῖκας	conj	high	Coordinated accusative complement/object with ἄλλας; understood feminine noun is γυναῖκας.
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	7 ἔχει	punct	high

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