Grammar parses for passage 1.15.2
Open translation for this passage
ἐν δὲ τῷ μέσῳ τῶν τοίχων Ἀθηναῖοι καὶ Θησεὺς Ἀμαζόσι μάχονται.
The prepositional phrase ἐν τῷ μέσῳ τῶν τοίχων is an adjunct of μάχονται; Ἀθηναῖοι and Θησεύς form a coordinated plural subject, with singular Θησεύς included under shared coordination. Ἀμαζόσι is a dative of combat opponent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 μέσῳ | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 μάχονται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 μέσῳ | det | high | |
| 4 | μέσῳ | μέσος | NOUN | A-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 μάχονται | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, 'middle/center'. |
| 5 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 τοίχων | det | high | |
| 6 | τοίχων | τοῖχος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 μέσῳ | nmod | high | |
| 7 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 μάχονται | nsubj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 Θησεὺς | cc | high | |
| 9 | Θησεὺς | Θησεύς | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ἀθηναῖοι | conj | high | Proper-name nominative; coordinated subject despite singular form. |
| 10 | Ἀμαζόσι | Ἀμαζών | PROPN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 μάχονται | obl | high | Dative opponent with μάχομαι. |
| 11 | μάχονται | μάχομαι | VERB | V-PPM-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 μάχονται | punct | high |
μόναις δὲ ἄρα ταῖς γυναιξὶν οὐκ ἀφῄρει τὰ πταίσματα τὸ ἐς τοὺς κινδύνους ἀφειδές, εἴ γε Θεμισκύρας τε ἁλούσης ὑπὸ Ἡρακλέους καὶ ὕστερον φθαρείσης σφίσι τῆς στρατιᾶς, ἣν ἐπʼ Ἀθήνας ἔστειλαν, ὅμως ἐς Τροίαν ἦλθον Ἀθηναίοις τε αὐτοῖς μαχούμεναι καὶ τοῖς πᾶσιν Ἕλλησιν.
Main clause: τὸ ἐς τοὺς κινδύνους ἀφειδές is the subject of ἀφῄρει, with μόναις ταῖς γυναιξίν as dative of respect; εἴ γε introduces a concessive condition, and ἣν refers to στρατιᾶς. The final participles μαχούμεναι coordinate with ἦλθον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μόναις | μόνος | ADJ | A--D-P-- | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 γυναιξὶν | amod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 7 ἀφῄρει | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἄρα | ἄρα | PART | D--------- | _ | 7 ἀφῄρει | discourse | high | |
| 4 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | LFD-P---D | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 γυναιξὶν | det | high | |
| 5 | γυναιξὶν | γυνή | NOUN | NFD-P---D | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 ἀφῄρει | iobj | high | Dative of respect/affected group. |
| 6 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D--------- | Polarity=Neg | 7 ἀφῄρει | advmod | high | |
| 7 | ἀφῄρει | ἀφαιρέω | VERB | V3IIAI-S3- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | LNA-P---A | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 πταίσματα | det | high | |
| 9 | πταίσματα | πταῖσμα | NOUN | NNA-P---A | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ἀφῄρει | obj | high | Object of ἀφῄρει. |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | LNS-S---N | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 ἀφειδές | det | high | Article substantivizing the adjective phrase. |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 13 κινδύνους | case | high | |
| 12 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | LMA-P---A | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 13 κινδύνους | det | high | |
| 13 | κινδύνους | κίνδυνος | NOUN | NMA-P---A | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἀφειδές | obl | high | Object of ἐς within the adjective phrase. |
| 14 | ἀφειδές | ἀφειδής | ADJ | A--NSN-- | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἀφῄρει | nsubj | high | Substantivized neuter adjective, subject of ἀφῄρει. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀφῄρει | punct | high | |
| 16 | εἴ | εἰ | SCONJ | C--------- | _ | 38 ἦλθον | mark | high | Introduces concessive condition with γε. |
| 17 | γε | γε | PART | D--------- | _ | 16 εἴ | advmod | high | |
| 18 | Θεμισκύρας | Θεμισκύρα | PROPN | NEF-S---G | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἁλούσης | nsubj | high | |
| 19 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 20 ἁλούσης | cc | high | Coordinates the two genitive-absolute participial clauses. |
| 20 | ἁλούσης | ἁλίσκομαι | VERB | V9SAPA-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Pass | 38 ἦλθον | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with Θεμισκύρας. |
| 21 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R--------- | _ | 22 Ἡρακλέους | case | high | |
| 22 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | NEO-S---G | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἁλούσης | obl:agent | high | |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 25 φθαρείσης | cc | high | Coordinates the genitive-absolute participles. |
| 24 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | D--------- | _ | 25 φθαρείσης | advmod | high | |
| 25 | φθαρείσης | φθείρω | VERB | V6SAPP-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Pass | 38 ἦλθον | advcl | high | Genitive absolute; its genitive subject is στρατιᾶς. |
| 26 | σφίσι | σφεῖς | PRON | RP-P---D- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 25 φθαρείσης | iobj | medium | Dative pronoun, likely ethical/possessive with φθαρείσης. |
| 27 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | LFS-S---G | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 28 στρατιᾶς | det | high | |
| 28 | στρατιᾶς | στρατιά | NOUN | NFS-S---G | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 φθαρείσης | nsubj | high | Genitive subject of the genitive-absolute participle. |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 38 ἦλθον | punct | high | |
| 30 | ἣν | ὅς | PRON | RRF-S---A | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 33 ἔστειλαν | obj | high | Relative pronoun referring to στρατιᾶς. |
| 31 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | R--------- | _ | 32 Ἀθήνας | case | high | |
| 32 | Ἀθήνας | Ἀθῆναι | PROPN | NEFP---A | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 33 ἔστειλαν | obl | high | |
| 33 | ἔστειλαν | στέλλω | VERB | V3AAI-P3- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Act | 28 στρατιᾶς | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying στρατιᾶς; implicit subject is the women. |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 38 ἦλθον | punct | high | |
| 35 | ὅμως | ὅμως | ADV | D--------- | _ | 38 ἦλθον | advmod | high | Concessive adverb. |
| 36 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 37 Τροίαν | case | high | |
| 37 | Τροίαν | Τροία | PROPN | NFS-S---A | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 38 ἦλθον | obl | high | |
| 38 | ἦλθον | ἔρχομαι | VERB | V2AAI-P3- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb; coordinated with the preceding clause by discourse/concessive structure. |
| 39 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | ADJ | A--DPM-- | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 42 μαχούμεναι | iobj | high | Dative with μαχούμεναι. |
| 40 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 42 μαχούμεναι | cc | high | |
| 41 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P--DPM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 39 Ἀθηναίοις | advmod | medium | Intensifying/identifying adjective-pronoun, ‘the Athenians themselves’. |
| 42 | μαχούμεναι | μάχομαι | VERB | V--FMP-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Future|Voice=Mid | 38 ἦλθον | advcl | high | Future middle participle expressing purpose or attendant circumstance. |
| 43 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 46 Ἕλλησιν | cc | high | |
| 44 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | LMD-P---D | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 46 Ἕλλησιν | det | high | |
| 45 | πᾶσιν | πᾶς | ADJ | A--DPM-- | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 46 Ἕλλησιν | amod | high | |
| 46 | Ἕλλησιν | Ἕλλην | NOUN | NMD-P---D | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 42 μαχούμεναι | obl | high | Second coordinated dative complement of μαχούμεναι. |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 38 ἦλθον | punct | high |
ἐπὶ δὲ ταῖς Ἀμαζόσιν Ἕλληνές εἰσιν ᾑρηκότες Ἴλιον καὶ οἱ βασιλεῖς ἠθροισμένοι διὰ τὸ Αἴαντος ἐς Κασσάνδραν τόλμημα·
Two coordinated perfect participial predicates depend on εἰσιν; the final διά phrase gives the cause of the kings' assembling, though its attachment may be analyzed either under ἠθροισμένοι or the larger copular predication.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | Case=Dat | 4 Ἀμαζόσιν | case | high | Preposition governing the dative phrase ταῖς Ἀμαζόσιν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 Ἕλληνές | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 Ἀμαζόσιν | det | high | |
| 4 | Ἀμαζόσιν | Ἀμαζών | PROPN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 Ἕλληνές | obl | high | Dative with ἐπί, marking the context/topic concerning the Amazons. |
| 5 | Ἕλληνές | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 εἰσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of εἰσιν. |
| 6 | εἰσιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 7 | ᾑρηκότες | αἱρέω | VERB | V-RAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 6 εἰσιν | xcomp | high | Perfect active participle, predicative with εἰσιν. |
| 8 | Ἴλιον | Ἴλιον | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ᾑρηκότες | obj | high | Object of ᾑρηκότες. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ἠθροισμένοι | cc | high | Coordinates the second participial predicate. |
| 10 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 βασιλεῖς | det | high | |
| 11 | βασιλεῖς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἠθροισμένοι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἠθροισμένοι. |
| 12 | ἠθροισμένοι | ἀθροίζω | VERB | V-RMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 6 εἰσιν | xcomp | high | Perfect passive participle coordinated with ᾑρηκότες; εἰσιν is understood with it. |
| 13 | διὰ | διά | ADP | P | Case=Acc | 18 τόλμημα | case | high | Preposition governing the causal accusative phrase. |
| 14 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 τόλμημα | det | high | |
| 15 | Αἴαντος | Αἴας | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 τόλμημα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on τόλμημα. |
| 16 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | Case=Acc | 17 Κασσάνδραν | case | high | Preposition governing Κασσάνδραν. |
| 17 | Κασσάνδραν | Κασσάνδρα | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 τόλμημα | nmod | high | Goal/target complement within the compound τόλμημα. |
| 18 | τόλμημα | τόλμημα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἠθροισμένοι | obl | medium | Accusative object of διά, with Αἴαντος genitive and ἐς Κασσάνδραν complement; semantically explains the kings' assembling. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 εἰσιν | punct | high |
καὶ αὐτὸν ἡ γραφὴ τὸν Αἴαντα ἔχει καὶ γυναῖκας τῶν αἰχμαλώτων ἄλλας τε καὶ Κασσάνδραν.
The finite verb ἔχει has coordinated objects: the substantivized accusative phrase τὸν Αἴαντα and γυναῖκας; αὐτόν is a preceding accusative object/resumptive pronoun, while ἡ γραφή is the subject. ἄλλας τε καὶ Κασσάνδραν coordinates further accusative objects/qualifiers with γυναῖκας; τῶν αἰχμαλώτων is a genitive dependent on γυναῖκας.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 7 ἔχει | cc | high | |
| 2 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P pers 3 S Acc M | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 7 ἔχει | obj | medium | Resumptive/initial accusative object, with the following τὸν Αἴαντα in apposition or specification. |
| 3 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | Art Sg Fem Nom | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 γραφὴ | det | high | |
| 4 | γραφὴ | γραφή | NOUN | N Sg Fem Nom | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἔχει | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | Art Sg Masc Acc | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Αἴαντα | det | high | |
| 6 | Αἴαντα | Αἴας | PROPN | N Sg Masc Acc | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἔχει | obj | high | Accusative object of ἔχει; coordinated/specifying relation to αὐτόν. |
| 7 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 7 ἔχει | cc | high | |
| 9 | γυναῖκας | γυνή | NOUN | N Pl Fem Acc | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 ἔχει | obj | high | |
| 10 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | Art Pl Gen | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 αἰχμαλώτων | det | high | |
| 11 | αἰχμαλώτων | αἰχμάλωτος | ADJ | A Pl Gen | Case=Gen|Number=Plur | 9 γυναῖκας | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective: ‘of the captives’. |
| 12 | ἄλλας | ἄλλος | ADJ | A Pl Fem Acc | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 γυναῖκας | amod | medium | Accusative adjective agreeing with γυναῖκας, in coordination with Κασσάνδραν. |
| 13 | τε | τε | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 12 ἄλλας | cc | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 15 Κασσάνδραν | cc | high | |
| 15 | Κασσάνδραν | Κασσάνδρα | PROPN | N Sg Fem Acc | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 γυναῖκας | conj | high | Coordinated accusative complement/object with ἄλλας; understood feminine noun is γυναῖκας. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἔχει | punct | high |