Grammar parses for passage 1.15.3
Open translation for this passage
τελευταῖον δὲ τῆς γραφῆς εἰσιν οἱ μαχεσάμενοι Μαραθῶνι· Βοιωτῶν δὲ οἱ Πλάταιαν ἔχοντες καὶ ὅσον ἦν Ἀττικὸν ἴασιν ἐς χεῖρας τοῖς βαρβάροις.
The sentence has an elliptical/locative continuation after the semicolon: οἱ Πλάταιαν ἔχοντες and ὅσον ἦν Ἀττικόν are coordinated subjects of ἴασιν, with ἴασιν understood as ‘go/pass into the hands’ and τοῖς βαρβάροις as the dative complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τελευταῖον | τελευταῖος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 εἰσιν | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative, ‘lastly’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 5 εἰσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 γραφῆς | det | high | |
| 4 | γραφῆς | γραφή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 εἰσιν | nmod | high | Genitive of reference/partitive with εἰσιν. |
| 5 | εἰσιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 μαχεσάμενοι | det | high | |
| 7 | μαχεσάμενοι | μάχομαι | VERB | V-AMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 5 εἰσιν | nsubj | high | Substantivized participle, ‘those who fought’. |
| 8 | Μαραθῶνι | Μαραθών | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 μαχεσάμενοι | obl | high | Dative of place/event with μάχομαι. |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 εἰσιν | punct | high | |
| 10 | Βοιωτῶν | Βοιωτός | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἔχοντες | nmod | medium | Partitive/genitive: ‘of the Boeotians’. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 19 ἴασιν | cc | high | |
| 12 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἔχοντες | det | high | |
| 13 | Πλάταιαν | Πλάταια | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἔχοντες | obj | high | Object of ἔχοντες, ‘holding/occupying Plataea’. |
| 14 | ἔχοντες | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 19 ἴασιν | nsubj | high | Substantivized participle; οἱ is its article. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 19 ἴασιν | cc | high | |
| 16 | ὅσον | ὅσος | PRON | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἦν | nsubj | medium | Neuter substantive/relative quantity phrase, ‘as much as’. |
| 17 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Act | 18 Ἀττικὸν | cop | high | Copula in the relative clause. |
| 18 | Ἀττικὸν | Ἀττικός | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 ὅσον | acl:relcl | medium | Predicate adjective agreeing with understood neuter subject; construction is elliptical/semantically compressed. |
| 19 | ἴασιν | εἶμι | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Finite verb of the second clause; competing analyses may attach the semicolon clause to εἰσιν, but ἴασιν is taken as an independent coordinated predicate. |
| 20 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 21 χεῖρας | case | high | |
| 21 | χεῖρας | χείρ | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 ἴασιν | obl | high | Prepositional complement, ‘into the hands’. |
| 22 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | RA-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 βαρβάροις | det | high | |
| 23 | βαρβάροις | βάρβαρος | ADJ | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἴασιν | iobj | high | Substantivized adjective, dative recipient/possessor: ‘the barbarians’. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἴασιν | punct | high |
ἐνταῦθα καὶ Μαραθὼν γεγραμμένος ἐστὶν ἥρως, ἀφʼ οὗ τὸ πεδίον ὠνόμασται, καὶ Θησεὺς ἀνιόντι ἐκ γῆς εἰκασμένος Ἀθηνᾶ τε καὶ Ἡρακλῆς· Μαραθωνίοις γάρ, ὡς αὐτοὶ λέγουσιν, Ἡρακλῆς ἐνομίσθη θεὸς πρώτοις.
Ἐστὶν is the root of the first clause; γεγραμμένος and εἰκασμένος are attributive predicates, with Θησεύς coordinated to Μαραθών and Ἀθηνᾶ/Ἡρακλῆς coordinated as depicted figures. In the final clause, ἐνομίσθη governs θεός, while πρώτοις is a dative of respect/agent-like association; ἀφ’ οὗ is temporal/relative, referring to Marathon.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D---- | PronType=Dem | 5 ἐστὶν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 Μαραθὼν | cc | high | |
| 3 | Μαραθὼν | Μαραθών | PROPN | N----MSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Personal/hero name; nominative. |
| 4 | γεγραμμένος | γράφω | VERB | X-----MPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 5 ἐστὶν | xcomp | high | Predicate participle with εἰμί. |
| 5 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | ἥρως | ἥρως | NOUN | N-----MSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστὶν | appos | high | Predicative/appositional noun. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | -------- | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | punct | high | |
| 8 | ἀφʼ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 οὗ | case | high | Elided form ἀφ’ before relative pronoun. |
| 9 | οὗ | ὅς | PRON | P-----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 12 ὠνόμασται | obl | medium | Relative pronoun; temporal/ablatival relation to naming. |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 πεδίον | det | high | |
| 11 | πεδίον | πεδίον | NOUN | N-----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ὠνόμασται | nsubj:pass | high | Subject of passive ὠνόμασται. |
| 12 | ὠνόμασται | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V3RPI-S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 5 ἐστὶν | acl:relcl | high | Relative-clause predicate; perfect passive ‘has been named’. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | -------- | _ | 12 ὠνόμασται | punct | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 Θησεὺς | cc | high | |
| 15 | Θησεὺς | Θησεύς | PROPN | N----MSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 εἰκασμένος | nsubj | high | Coordinated depicted figure; nominative. |
| 16 | ἀνιόντι | ἄνειμι | VERB | V-PAPDSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 εἰκασμένος | obl | medium | Dative participle, probably depicting Theseus as ascending; morphology/scope somewhat uncertain. |
| 17 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 γῆς | case | high | |
| 18 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | N-----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἀνιόντι | obl | high | |
| 19 | εἰκασμένος | εἰκάζω | VERB | X-----MPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 5 ἐστὶν | conj | high | Coordinated predicate participle; its masculine singular form agrees with Θησεύς. |
| 20 | Ἀθηνᾶ | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | N----FSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 εἰκασμένος | nsubj | medium | Coordinated depicted figure(s); coordination is elliptical. |
| 21 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 Ἀθηνᾶ | cc | high | |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 23 Ἡρακλῆς | cc | high | |
| 23 | Ἡρακλῆς | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N----MSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 Ἀθηνᾶ | conj | high | Coordinated with Ἀθηνᾶ, in an elliptical depiction construction. |
| 24 | · | · | PUNCT | -------- | _ | 5 ἐστὶν | punct | high | |
| 25 | Μαραθωνίοις | Μαραθώνιος | PROPN | N-----DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 33 ἐνομίσθη | obl | high | Dative of reference/association: ‘for the Marathonian people’. |
| 26 | γάρ | γάρ | PART | G-------- | _ | 33 ἐνομίσθη | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | -------- | _ | 33 ἐνομίσθη | punct | high | |
| 28 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 30 λέγουσιν | mark | high | Introduces reported-content parenthesis. |
| 29 | αὐτοὶ | αὐτός | PRON | P-----NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 30 λέγουσιν | nsubj | high | Intensive pronoun, ‘they themselves’. |
| 30 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 33 ἐνομίσθη | parataxis | high | Parenthetical reporting clause. |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | -------- | _ | 30 λέγουσιν | punct | high | |
| 32 | Ἡρακλῆς | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N----MSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 ἐνομίσθη | nsubj | high | |
| 33 | ἐνομίσθη | νομίζω | VERB | V3API-S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | parataxis | high | Finite predicate of the explanatory sentence; coordinated/paratactic to the preceding clause. |
| 34 | θεὸς | θεός | NOUN | N-----MSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 ἐνομίσθη | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative with passive ἐνομίσθη. |
| 35 | πρώτοις | πρῶτος | ADJ | A-----DPM- | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 33 ἐνομίσθη | obl | medium | Dative of reference/association, ‘by/to the first [Marathonians]’; elliptical noun. |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | -------- | _ | 33 ἐνομίσθη | punct | high |