Grammar parses for passage 1.17.3
Open translation for this passage
τοῦ δὲ τρίτου τῶν τοίχων ἡ γραφὴ μὴ πυθομένοις ἃ λέγουσιν οὐ σαφής ἐστι, τὰ μέν που διὰ τὸν χρόνον, τὰ δὲ Μίκων οὐ τὸν πάντα ἔγραψε λόγον.
Main predicate ἐστι governs γραφή; τοῦ τρίτου τῶν τοίχων is a genitive phrase modifying γραφή. πυθομένοις is a dative plural participle with implicit understood subject (‘for those who have not learned’), and ἃ λέγουσιν is its object/content. The final clauses contrast τὰ μέν ... τὰ δέ; Μίκων is subject of ἔγραψε, with οὐ τὸν πάντα λόγον expressing that he did not write the whole account. Some attachment of the participial phrase and πάντα is interpretively uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 τρίτου | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 σαφής | cc | high | |
| 3 | τρίτου | τρίτος | ADJ | A--GSM- | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 γραφὴ | nmod | high | Substantivized ordinal, ‘of the third’. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 τοίχων | det | high | |
| 5 | τοίχων | τοῖχος | NOUN | N-----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 τρίτου | nmod | high | |
| 6 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 γραφὴ | det | high | |
| 7 | γραφὴ | γραφή | NOUN | N-----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστι | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | μὴ | μή | PART | Q----- | Polarity=Neg | 9 πυθομένοις | advmod | high | |
| 9 | πυθομένοις | πυνθάνομαι | VERB | V-PMP-DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 13 σαφής | obl | medium | Dative of reference/condition; implicit subject ‘those who do not know’. |
| 10 | ἃ | ὅς | PRON | P---APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 11 λέγουσιν | obj | high | |
| 11 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PIA-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 9 πυθομένοις | ccomp | high | Content clause/relative predicate under πυθομένοις. |
| 12 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | Q----- | Polarity=Neg | 13 σαφής | advmod | high | |
| 13 | σαφής | σαφής | ADJ | A-----NSF- | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἐστι | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with εἰμί. |
| 14 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐστι | punct | high | |
| 16 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T----NPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 διὰ | det | high | Substantivizes the first member of the contrast. |
| 17 | μέν | μέν | PART | Q----- | _ | 16 τὰ | discourse | high | |
| 18 | που | που | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Ind | 29 ἔγραψε | advmod | medium | Enclitic adverb, ‘perhaps/somehow’; attachment is uncertain. |
| 19 | διὰ | διά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 21 χρόνον | case | high | |
| 20 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 χρόνον | det | high | |
| 21 | χρόνον | χρόνος | NOUN | N-----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 ἔγραψε | obl | high | Cause/time expression: ‘because of/through the passage of time’. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 χρόνον | punct | high | |
| 23 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T----NPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 29 ἔγραψε | obj | medium | Substantivized article, coordinated contrast member; semantic relation to ἔγραψε is elliptical. |
| 24 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 23 τὰ | cc | high | |
| 25 | Μίκων | Μίκων | PROPN | N-----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 ἔγραψε | nsubj | high | |
| 26 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | Q----- | Polarity=Neg | 29 ἔγραψε | advmod | high | |
| 27 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 30 λόγον | det | high | |
| 28 | πάντα | πᾶς | ADJ | A----ASM- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 λόγον | amod | high | Agrees with λόγον; ‘whole’. |
| 29 | ἔγραψε | γράφω | VERB | V-AIA-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 14 ἐστι | parataxis | high | Coordinate/elliptical clause after the first statement. |
| 30 | λόγον | λόγος | NOUN | N-----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 ἔγραψε | obj | high | |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 ἔγραψε | punct | high |
Μίνως ἡνίκα Θησέα καὶ τὸν ἄλλον στόλον τῶν παίδων ἦγεν ἐς Κρήτην, ἐρασθεὶς Περιβοίας, ὥς οἱ Θησεὺς μάλιστα ἠναντιοῦτο, καὶ ἄλλα ὑπὸ ὀργῆς ἀπέρριψεν ἐς αὐτὸν καὶ παῖδα οὐκ ἔφη Ποσειδῶνος εἶναι, ἐπεὶ οὐ δύνασθαι τὴν σφραγῖδα, ἣν αὐτὸς φέρων ἔτυχεν, ἀφέντι ἐς θάλασσαν ἀνασῶσαί οἱ.
Complex reported speech: ἔφη governs infinitival εἶναι with παῖδα as subject accusative and the following δύνασθαι clause as coordinated/complementary content; ὥς introduces the causal/temporal circumstance of opposition. The final ἀφέντι is dative agreeing with the understood subject of ἀνασῶσαί, with οἱ as dative object/beneficiary.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μίνως | Μίνως | PROPN | N-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἦγεν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | ἡνίκα | ἡνίκα | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 ἦγεν | mark | high | Temporal subordinator. |
| 3 | Θησέα | Θησεύς | PROPN | N-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἦγεν | obj | high | |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 στόλον | cc | high | |
| 5 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 στόλον | det | high | |
| 6 | ἄλλον | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 στόλον | amod | high | |
| 7 | στόλον | στόλος | NOUN | N-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἦγεν | obj | high | |
| 8 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Number=Plur | 9 παίδων | det | high | |
| 9 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 στόλον | nmod | high | |
| 10 | ἦγεν | ἄγω | VERB | V3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 Κρήτην | case | high | |
| 12 | Κρήτην | Κρήτη | PROPN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἦγεν | obl | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἦγεν | punct | high | |
| 14 | ἐρασθεὶς | ἐράω | VERB | V-sapmnn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 10 ἦγεν | advcl | medium | Circumstantial participle, likely referring to Μίνως. |
| 15 | Περιβοίας | Περίβοια | PROPN | N-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἐρασθεὶς | obl | high | Genitive dependent on ἐράω. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐρασθεὶς | punct | high | |
| 17 | ὥς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 ἠναντιοῦτο | mark | medium | Introduces a causal/temporal clause. |
| 18 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | Pp3s---md- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 21 ἠναντιοῦτο | obl | medium | Dative likely marks the person opposed to. |
| 19 | Θησεὺς | Θησεύς | PROPN | N-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἠναντιοῦτο | nsubj | high | |
| 20 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 21 ἠναντιοῦτο | advmod | high | |
| 21 | ἠναντιοῦτο | ἐναντιόομαι | VERB | V3siim--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Mid | 14 ἐρασθεὶς | advcl | high | |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 ἠναντιοῦτο | punct | high | |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 27 ἀπέρριψεν | cc | high | |
| 24 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 27 ἀπέρριψεν | obj | high | Substantivized neuter plural: other things/words. |
| 25 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 26 ὀργῆς | case | high | |
| 26 | ὀργῆς | ὀργή | NOUN | N-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 ἀπέρριψεν | obl | high | Cause/source with ὑπό. |
| 27 | ἀπέρριψεν | ἀπορρίπτω | VERB | V3siai--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Act | 14 ἐρασθεὶς | conj | medium | Coordinated with the participial circumstance; subject is Μίνως. |
| 28 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 29 αὐτὸν | case | high | |
| 29 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | Pp3s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 27 ἀπέρριψεν | obl | high | |
| 30 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 33 ἔφη | cc | high | |
| 31 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | N-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 32 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | Q-------- | Polarity=Neg | 33 ἔφη | advmod | high | |
| 33 | ἔφη | φημί | VERB | V3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act | 27 ἀπέρριψεν | conj | high | Introduces reported speech. |
| 34 | Ποσειδῶνος | Ποσειδῶν | PROPN | N-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 35 εἶναι | obl | high | Genitive of parentage. |
| 35 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--pna--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 33 ἔφη | xcomp | high | |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 ἔφη | punct | high | |
| 37 | ἐπεὶ | ἐπεί | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 39 δύνασθαι | mark | high | Introduces explanatory clause. |
| 38 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | Q-------- | Polarity=Neg | 39 δύνασθαι | advmod | high | |
| 39 | δύνασθαι | δύναμαι | VERB | V--pmn--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 33 ἔφη | conj | medium | Infinitive coordinated in the reported content; implicit subject likely Θησεύς. |
| 40 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 41 σφραγῖδα | det | high | |
| 41 | σφραγῖδα | σφραγίς | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 51 ἀνασῶσαί | obj | high | |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 41 σφραγῖδα | punct | high | |
| 43 | ἣν | ὅς | PRON | Pr-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 46 ἔτυχεν | obj | high | |
| 44 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | P-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 46 ἔτυχεν | nsubj | high | Intensive pronoun, subject of φέρων/ἔτυχεν. |
| 45 | φέρων | φέρω | VERB | V-sppamn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 46 ἔτυχεν | advcl | medium | Circumstantial participle. |
| 46 | ἔτυχεν | τυγχάνω | VERB | V3siai--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Act | 43 ἣν | acl:relcl | medium | Relative clause predicate; φέρων is supplementary. |
| 47 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 46 ἔτυχεν | punct | high | |
| 48 | ἀφέντι | ἀφίημι | VERB | V-sapmdn- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 51 ἀνασῶσαί | advcl | medium | Dative participle, likely agreeing with the understood subject Θησεύς. |
| 49 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 50 θάλασσαν | case | high | |
| 50 | θάλασσαν | θάλασσα | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 51 ἀνασῶσαί | obl | high | |
| 51 | ἀνασῶσαί | ἀνασώζω | VERB | V--aan--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 39 δύνασθαι | xcomp | medium | Infinitive dependent on δύνασθαι. |
| 52 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | Pp3s---md- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 51 ἀνασῶσαί | iobj | medium | Dative object/beneficiary, ‘for him’; antecedent/function somewhat ambiguous. |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἦγεν | punct | high |
Μίνως μὲν λέγεται ταῦτα εἰπὼν ἀφεῖναι τὴν σφραγῖδα·
Μίνως is the nominative subject of λέγεται, with an accusative-and-infinitive complement: ταῦτα εἰπών ἀφεῖναι τὴν σφραγῖδα. The participle εἰπών is circumstantial and shares the understood subject Μίνως; λέγεται is impersonal/passive in the sense ‘is said’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μίνως | Μίνως | PROPN | nb------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 λέγεται | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | g-------- | _ | 3 λέγεται | discourse | high | Correlative particle; the corresponding δέ is outside this sentence. |
| 3 | λέγεται | λέγω | VERB | v3spie--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Passive impersonal construction, ‘is said’. |
| 4 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | rd-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἀφεῖναι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive ἀφεῖναι within the reported action; also object of εἰπών. |
| 5 | εἰπὼν | λέγω | VERB | v-sapamn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 6 ἀφεῖναι | advcl | high | Aorist circumstantial participle, sharing the understood subject Μίνως; ταῦτα is its accusative object. |
| 6 | ἀφεῖναι | ἀφίημι | VERB | v--aan--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 3 λέγεται | ccomp | high | Aorist active infinitive in the reported-content construction after λέγεται. |
| 7 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 σφραγῖδα | det | high | |
| 8 | σφραγῖδα | σφραγίς | NOUN | n-sf-ia- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἀφεῖναι | obj | high | |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 λέγεται | punct | high |
Θησέα δὲ σφραγῖδά τε ἐκείνην ἔχοντα καὶ στέφανον χρυσοῦν, Ἀμφιτρίτης δῶρον, ἀνελθεῖν λέγουσιν ἐκ τῆς θαλάσσης.
Accusative Θησέα is the understood subject of the infinitive ἀνελθεῖν; ἔχοντα agrees with it, while σφραγῖδα and στέφανον are coordinated objects of ἔχοντα. Ἀμφιτρίτης δῶρον is an appositional/genitive attribution to στέφανον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Θησέα | Θησεύς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἀνελθεῖν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 λέγουσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | σφραγῖδά | σφραγίς | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἔχοντα | obj | high | Object of ἔχοντα. |
| 4 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 σφραγῖδά | cc | high | Coordinates the first object with στέφανον. |
| 5 | ἐκείνην | ἐκεῖνος | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 σφραγῖδά | amod | high | Agrees with σφραγῖδα. |
| 6 | ἔχοντα | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 14 ἀνελθεῖν | advcl | high | Participial modifier of Θησέα, with circumstantial force. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 στέφανον | cc | high | Coordinates στέφανον with σφραγῖδα. |
| 8 | στέφανον | στέφανος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἔχοντα | conj | high | Coordinated object of ἔχοντα. |
| 9 | χρυσοῦν | χρυσοῦς | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 στέφανον | amod | high | Agrees with στέφανον. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἔχοντα | punct | high | |
| 11 | Ἀμφιτρίτης | Ἀμφιτρίτη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 δῶρον | nmod | high | Possessive/attributive genitive with δῶρον. |
| 12 | δῶρον | δῶρον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 στέφανον | appos | medium | Appositional characterization: the crown as Amphitrite's gift. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἀνελθεῖν | punct | high | |
| 14 | ἀνελθεῖν | ἀνέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 15 λέγουσιν | xcomp | high | Infinitive governed by λέγουσιν. |
| 15 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 16 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 18 θαλάσσης | case | high | Introduces source phrase. |
| 17 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 θαλάσσης | det | high | |
| 18 | θαλάσσης | θάλασσα | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἀνελθεῖν | obl | high | Source/location complement of ἀνελθεῖν. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 λέγουσιν | punct | high |