Grammar parses for passage 1.17.4
Open translation for this passage
ἐς δὲ τὴν τελευτὴν τὴν Θησέως πολλὰ ἤδη καὶ οὐχ ὁμολογοῦντα εἴρηται·
Main difficulty is the syntax of πολλὰ ἤδη καὶ οὐχ ὁμολογοῦντα; I take ὁμολογοῦντα as attributive to πολλὰ, with ὀὐχ and καί marking a coordinated modifier.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 τελευτὴν | case | high | Preposition governing τὴν τελευτήν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 12 εἴρηται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 τελευτὴν | det | high | Article modifying τελευτήν. |
| 4 | τελευτὴν | τελευτή | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 εἴρηται | obl | high | Oblique temporal/topic phrase with ἐς. |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Θησέως | det | high | Article with genitive proper name. |
| 6 | Θησέως | Θησεύς | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 τελευτὴν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of τελευτήν. |
| 7 | πολλὰ | πολύς | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 εἴρηται | obj | medium | Likely object/complement of implied saying; could also be adverbial accusative. |
| 8 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | _ | _ | 12 εἴρηται | advmod | high | Adverb modifying εἴρηται. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 11 ὁμολογοῦντα | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 10 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 11 ὁμολογοῦντα | advmod | high | Negation of ὁμολογοῦντα. |
| 11 | ὁμολογοῦντα | ὁμολογέω | VERB | PAPPA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 πολλὰ | amod | medium | Attributive participle modifying πολλὰ; syntax somewhat uncertain. |
| 12 | εἴρηται | λέγω | VERB | X | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect passive finite verb. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 εἴρηται | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
δεδέσθαι τε γὰρ αὐτὸν λέγουσιν ἐς τόδε ἕως ὑφʼ Ἡρακλέους ἀναχθείη, πιθανώτατα δὲ ὧν ἤκουσα·
Indirect statement with accusative subject and infinitival clause; a following temporal ἕως-clause depends on the infinitive, while the final phrase πιθανώτατα δὲ ὧν ἤκουσα is elliptical and somewhat difficult to attach precisely.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δεδέσθαι | δέω | VERB | V-REIA | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Inf|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 5 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Perfect middle/passive infinitive in indirect statement. |
| 2 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 5 λέγουσιν | discourse | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 3 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | G-------- | _ | 5 λέγουσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 4 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=No | 1 δεδέσθαι | nsubj:acc | medium | Accusative subject of infinitive. |
| 5 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PIA-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main reporting verb. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 τόδε | case | high | Preposition governing τόδε. |
| 7 | τόδε | ὅδε | PRON | P---N-AS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 1 δεδέσθαι | obl | high | Accusative phrase with preposition ἐς. |
| 8 | ἕως | ἕως | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 ἀναχθείη | mark | high | Subordinating conjunction introducing temporal clause. |
| 9 | ὑφʼ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 Ἡρακλέους | case | high | Preposition with genitive agent. |
| 10 | Ἡρακλέους | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | Ne-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἀναχθείη | obl | high | Agent/complement of passive verb. |
| 11 | ἀναχθείη | ἀνάγω | VERB | V-APIO-3S- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 1 δεδέσθαι | advcl | high | Optative subordinate clause governed by temporal ἕως. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 λέγουσιν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 13 | πιθανώτατα | πιθανός | ADJ | A-S---NSC | Case=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 λέγουσιν | advmod | high | Superlative adverbial use. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 13 πιθανώτατα | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 15 | ὧν | ὅς | PRON | P-GP---N- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 16 ἤκουσα | obj | medium | Relative pronoun; exact syntactic role uncertain. |
| 16 | ἤκουσα | ἀκούω | VERB | V-AAI-1S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 13 πιθανώτατα | acl:relcl | medium | Relative clause modifying πιθανώτατα/implicit antecedent; syntax somewhat elliptical. |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 λέγουσιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Θησεὺς ἐς Θεσπρωτοὺς ἐμβαλών, τοῦ βασιλέως τῶν Θεσπρωτῶν γυναῖκα ἁρπάσων, τὸ πολὺ τῆς στρατιᾶς οὕτως ἀπόλλυσι, καὶ αὐτός τε καὶ Πειρίθους--- Πειρίθους γὰρ καὶ τὸν γάμον σπεύδων ἐστράτευεν--- ἥλωσαν,
The syntax is paratactic and somewhat discontinuous: ἥλωσαν is treated as a new clause/root after the parenthetical explanatory dash segment.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Θησεὺς | Θησεύς | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἀπόλλυσι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀπόλλυσι. |
| 2 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 3 Θεσπρωτοὺς | case | high | Preposition with acc. |
| 3 | Θεσπρωτοὺς | Θεσπρωτός | PROPN | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἐμβαλών | obl | high | Object of ἐμβαλών. |
| 4 | ἐμβαλών | ἐμβάλλω | VERB | AORPTCP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 18 ἀπόλλυσι | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying Θησεύς. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἀπόλλυσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 6 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 βασιλέως | det | high | Article. |
| 7 | βασιλέως | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 γυναῖκα | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of γυναῖκα. |
| 8 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 Θεσπρωτῶν | det | high | Article. |
| 9 | Θεσπρωτῶν | Θεσπρωτός | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 βασιλέως | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of βασιλέως. |
| 10 | γυναῖκα | γυνή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἁρπάσων | obj | high | Object of ἁρπάσων. |
| 11 | ἁρπάσων | ἁρπάζω | VERB | FUTPTCP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 18 ἀπόλλυσι | advcl | high | Purpose/future participle modifying Θησεύς. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἀπόλλυσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 13 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 πολὺ | det | high | Article. |
| 14 | πολὺ | πολύς | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἀπόλλυσι | obj | medium | Likely substantive accusative 'much/most of' with στρατιᾶς. |
| 15 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 στρατιᾶς | det | high | Article. |
| 16 | στρατιᾶς | στρατιά | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 πολὺ | nmod | high | Partitive/genitive with τὸ πολὺ. |
| 17 | οὕτως | οὕτως | ADV | D | _ | 18 ἀπόλλυσι | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἀπόλλυσι. |
| 18 | ἀπόλλυσι | ἀπόλλυμι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἀπόλλυσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 38 ἥλωσαν | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 21 | αὐτός | αὐτός | PRON | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 Πειρίθους | appos | medium | Likely appositional/emphatic with Πειρίθους. |
| 22 | τε | τε | PART | G | _ | 21 αὐτός | discourse | medium | Enclitic connective. |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 24 Πειρίθους | cc | high | Correlative coordinator. |
| 24 | Πειρίθους | Πειρίθους | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 38 ἥλωσαν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἥλωσαν. |
| 25 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 38 ἥλωσαν | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 26 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 38 ἥλωσαν | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 27 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 38 ἥλωσαν | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 28 | Πειρίθους | Πειρίθους | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 ἐστράτευεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστράτευεν. |
| 29 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | G | _ | 34 ἐστράτευεν | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 30 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 32 γάμον | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 31 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 32 γάμον | det | high | Article. |
| 32 | γάμον | γάμος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 σπεύδων | obj | high | Object of σπεύδων. |
| 33 | σπεύδων | σπεύδω | VERB | PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 34 ἐστράτευεν | advcl | high | Participial modifier of ἐστράτευεν. |
| 34 | ἐστράτευεν | στρατεύω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 18 ἀπόλλυσι | parataxis | high | Paratactic explanatory clause dependent on ἀπόλλυσι. |
| 35 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 38 ἥλωσαν | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 36 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 38 ἥλωσαν | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 37 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 38 ἥλωσαν | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 38 | ἥλωσαν | ἁλίσκομαι | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Appears to begin a new clause/summary; treated as root. Form is morphologically ambiguous in isolation. |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 38 ἥλωσαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
καὶ σφᾶς ὁ Θεσπρωτὸς δήσας εἶχεν ἐν Κιχύρῳ.
Main clause with auxiliary-like possession verb εἶχεν, modified by a participial clause δήσας; object σφᾶς is governed by the participle.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 εἶχεν | cc | high | coordinating conjunction |
| 2 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp-p---na- | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 5 δήσας | obj | high | enclitic/older third-person pronoun form; accusative plural object |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Θεσπρωτὸς | det | high | article |
| 4 | Θεσπρωτὸς | Θεσπρωτός | PROPN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 εἶχεν | nsubj | high | ethnic name used substantively |
| 5 | δήσας | δέω | VERB | v-asa-pmn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 εἶχεν | advcl | high | circumstantial aorist participle |
| 6 | εἶχεν | ἔχω | VERB | v3siia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | main verb |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | r-------- | _ | 8 Κιχύρῳ | case | high | preposition |
| 8 | Κιχύρῳ | Κίχυρος | PROPN | n-s---nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 εἶχεν | obl | high | locative dative with preposition |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 εἶχεν | punct | high | sentence punctuation |