Grammar parses for passage 1.17.6
Open translation for this passage
Μενεσθεὺς δὲ τῶν μὲν παίδων τῶν Θησέως παρʼ Ἐλεφήνορα ὑπεξελθόντων ἐς Εὔβοιαν εἶχεν οὐδένα λόγον, Θησέα δέ, εἴ ποτε παρὰ Θεσπρωτῶν ἀνακομισθήσεται, δυσανταγώνιστον ἡγούμενος διὰ θεραπείας τὰ τοῦ δήμου καθίστατο, ὡς Θησέα ἀνασωθέντα ὕστερον ἀπωσθῆναι.
The sentence coordinates εἶχεν λόγον with καθίστατο; the latter includes a participial construction and a ὡς + accusative-infinitive clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μενεσθεὺς | Μενεσθεύς | PROPN | N---NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 εἶχεν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 εἶχεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L---GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 παίδων | det | high | |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 13 εἶχεν | discourse | high | |
| 5 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N---GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 εἶχεν | obl | high | |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Θησέως | det | high | |
| 7 | Θησέως | Θησεύς | PROPN | N---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 παίδων | nmod | high | |
| 8 | παρʼ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 Ἐλεφήνορα | case | high | Elided form of παρά. |
| 9 | Ἐλεφήνορα | Ἐλεφήνωρ | PROPN | N---ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ὑπεξελθόντων | obl | high | |
| 10 | ὑπεξελθόντων | ὑπεξέρχομαι | VERB | V--AAP-GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 παίδων | acl | high | Genitive absolute; subject is τῶν παίδων. |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 Εὔβοιαν | case | high | |
| 12 | Εὔβοιαν | Εὔβοια | PROPN | N---ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ὑπεξελθόντων | obl | high | |
| 13 | εἶχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 14 | οὐδένα | οὐδείς | PRON | P---ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Neg | 15 λόγον | det | high | |
| 15 | λόγον | λόγος | NOUN | N---ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 εἶχεν | obj | high | |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 εἶχεν | punct | high | |
| 17 | Θησέα | Θησεύς | PROPN | N---ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 ἡγούμενος | obj | high | Accusative subject of the participial construction. |
| 18 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 εἶχεν | cc | high | |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 εἶχεν | punct | high | |
| 20 | εἴ | εἰ | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 24 ἀνακομισθήσεται | mark | high | |
| 21 | ποτε | ποτε | ADV | D-------- | _ | 24 ἀνακομισθήσεται | advmod | high | |
| 22 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 23 Θεσπρωτῶν | case | high | |
| 23 | Θεσπρωτῶν | Θεσπρωτός | PROPN | N---GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 ἀνακομισθήσεται | obl | high | Genitive with παρά, source/from. |
| 24 | ἀνακομισθήσεται | ἀνακομίζω | VERB | V-FPI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 27 ἡγούμενος | advcl | high | Future passive in the εἰ-clause. |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἀνακομισθήσεται | punct | high | |
| 26 | δυσανταγώνιστον | δυσανταγώνιστος | ADJ | A---ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 ἡγούμενος | xcomp | high | Accusative predicate adjective agreeing with Θησέα. |
| 27 | ἡγούμενος | ἡγέομαι | VERB | V-PMP-NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 33 καθίστατο | advcl | high | Participial clause with Μενεσθεύς as understood subject. |
| 28 | διὰ | διά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 29 θεραπείας | case | high | |
| 29 | θεραπείας | θεραπεία | NOUN | N---GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 33 καθίστατο | obl | high | Means/circumstance phrase with διά + genitive. |
| 30 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L---APN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 32 δήμου | det | high | |
| 31 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 δήμου | det | high | |
| 32 | δήμου | δῆμος | NOUN | N---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 τὰ | nmod | high | τὰ τοῦ δήμου is a substantivized neuter phrase. |
| 33 | καθίστατο | καθίστημι | VERB | V-IMI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 13 εἶχεν | conj | high | Coordinated with εἶχεν; subject Μενεσθεύς. |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 καθίστατο | punct | high | |
| 35 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 39 ἀπωσθῆναι | mark | medium | Introduces the prospective/resultative infinitival clause. |
| 36 | Θησέα | Θησεύς | PROPN | N---ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 39 ἀπωσθῆναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 37 | ἀνασωθέντα | ἀνασῴζω | VERB | V-APP-ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 39 ἀπωσθῆναι | advcl | high | Participial modifier of Θησέα. |
| 38 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 39 ἀπωσθῆναι | advmod | high | |
| 39 | ἀπωσθῆναι | ἀπωθέω | VERB | V-APN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 33 καθίστατο | ccomp | high | Infinitive clause dependent on καθίστατο. |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 εἶχεν | punct | high |
στέλλεται δὴ Θησεὺς παρὰ Δευκαλίωνα ἐς Κρήτην, ἐξενεχθέντα δὲ αὐτὸν ὑπὸ πνευμάτων ἐς Σκῦρον τὴν νῆσον λαμπρῶς περιεῖπον οἱ Σκύριοι κατὰ γένους δόξαν καὶ ἀξίωμα ὧν ἦν αὐτὸς εἰργασμένος·
The sentence has two coordinated finite clauses: στέλλεται ... and περιεῖπον ... . The participial phrase ἐξενεχθέντα ... αὐτόν is accusative and describes Theseus, while ὧν ... εἰργασμένος is a somewhat compressed relative/periphrastic construction.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | στέλλεται | στέλλω | VERB | V-3P-S-PI-MP | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὴ | δή | PART | D | _ | 1 στέλλεται | discourse | high | |
| 3 | Θησεὺς | Θησεύς | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 στέλλεται | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 4 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | P | _ | 1 στέλλεται | case | high | |
| 5 | Δευκαλίωνα | Δευκαλίων | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 στέλλεται | obl | high | παρά with accusative: destination/person to whom sent. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 7 Κρήτην | case | high | |
| 7 | Κρήτην | Κρήτη | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 στέλλεται | obl | high | |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 στέλλεται | punct | high | |
| 9 | ἐξενεχθέντα | ἐκφέρω | VERB | V-APP-SAM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 11 αὐτὸν | acl | high | Predicative accusative participle agreeing with αὐτόν. |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | D | _ | 19 περιεῖπον | cc | high | |
| 11 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 19 περιεῖπον | obj | high | Accusative subject/object of the participial construction. |
| 12 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | _ | 13 πνευμάτων | case | high | |
| 13 | πνευμάτων | πνεῦμα | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἐξενεχθέντα | obl:agent | high | Agent of the passive participle. |
| 14 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 15 Σκῦρον | case | high | |
| 15 | Σκῦρον | Σκῦρος | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἐξενεχθέντα | obl | high | Island name, feminine. |
| 16 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 νῆσον | det | high | |
| 17 | νῆσον | νῆσος | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 Σκῦρον | appos | high | Apposition to Σκῦρον. |
| 18 | λαμπρῶς | λαμπρῶς | ADV | D | _ | 19 περιεῖπον | advmod | high | |
| 19 | περιεῖπον | περιέπω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb of the second coordinated clause; first clause is syntactically coordinated. |
| 20 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 21 Σκύριοι | det | high | |
| 21 | Σκύριοι | Σκύριος | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 περιεῖπον | nsubj | high | |
| 22 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | P | _ | 23 γένους | case | high | |
| 23 | γένους | γένος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 δόξαν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on δόξαν. |
| 24 | δόξαν | δόξα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 περιεῖπον | obl | high | κατά with accusative: in accordance with. |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 26 ἀξίωμα | cc | high | |
| 26 | ἀξίωμα | ἀξίωμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 δόξαν | conj | high | Coordinated with δόξαν. |
| 27 | ὧν | ὅς | PRON | R-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 30 εἰργασμένος | obj | medium | Relative pronoun, likely referring to deeds/things Theseus had done. |
| 28 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IXI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 30 εἰργασμένος | aux | high | |
| 29 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | P-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 30 εἰργασμένος | nsubj | high | Subject of periphrastic pluperfect. |
| 30 | εἰργασμένος | ἐργάζομαι | VERB | V-RMP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 24 δόξαν | acl:relcl | medium | Periphrastic pluperfect with ἦν; relative clause modifies the preceding notion of status/merit. |
| 31 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 περιεῖπον | punct | high |
καί οἱ θάνατον Λυκομήδης διὰ ταῦτα ἐβούλευσεν.
The verb βουλεύω is transitive here ('plot/decree a death'); οἱ is the dative personal pronoun, while διά + ταῦτα is a causal oblique.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καί | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 7 ἐβούλευσεν | cc | high | |
| 2 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 7 ἐβούλευσεν | iobj | medium | Enclitic personal pronoun, dative singular; form is homographic with the article. |
| 3 | θάνατον | θάνατος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐβούλευσεν | obj | high | |
| 4 | Λυκομήδης | Λυκομήδης | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐβούλευσεν | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | διὰ | διά | ADP | _ | _ | 6 ταῦτα | case | high | |
| 6 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 7 ἐβούλευσεν | obl | high | Accusative neuter plural with διά, expressing cause. |
| 7 | ἐβούλευσεν | βουλεύω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐβούλευσεν | punct | high |
ὁ μὲν δὴ Θησέως σηκὸς Ἀθηναίοις ἐγένετο ὕστερον ἢ Μῆδοι Μαραθῶνι ἔσχον, Κίμωνος τοῦ Μιλτιάδου Σκυρίους ποιήσαντος ἀναστάτους---δίκην δὴ τοῦ Θησέως θανάτου---καὶ τὰ ὀστᾶ κομίσαντος ἐς Ἀθήνας·
The sentence has a main clause with a comparative temporal clause and a coordinated genitive absolute; the dash-enclosed δίκην phrase explains the motive for punishing the Scyrians.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | article-nom-m-sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 σηκὸς | det | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | part | _ | 7 ἐγένετο | discourse | high | |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | part | _ | 7 ἐγένετο | discourse | high | |
| 4 | Θησέως | Θησεύς | PROPN | propn-gen-m-sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 σηκὸς | nmod | high | |
| 5 | σηκὸς | σηκός | NOUN | noun-nom-m-sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐγένετο | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | propn-dat-m-pl | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἐγένετο | iobj | high | |
| 7 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | verb-aor-mid-ind-3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | adj-acc-n-sg-used-adverbially | Degree=Pos | 7 ἐγένετο | advmod | high | |
| 9 | ἢ | ἤ | SCONJ | conj-comparative | _ | 12 ἔσχον | mark | high | |
| 10 | Μῆδοι | Μῆδος | PROPN | propn-nom-m-pl | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἔσχον | nsubj | high | |
| 11 | Μαραθῶνι | Μαραθών | PROPN | propn-dat-m-sg | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἔσχον | obl | high | Locative dative. |
| 12 | ἔσχον | ἔχω | VERB | verb-aor-act-ind-3pl | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 8 ὕστερον | advcl | high | Comparative clause governed by ὕστερον ἢ. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐγένετο | punct | high | |
| 14 | Κίμωνος | Κίμων | PROPN | propn-gen-m-sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ποιήσαντος | nsubj | high | Genitive absolute subject. |
| 15 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | article-gen-m-sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 Μιλτιάδου | det | high | |
| 16 | Μιλτιάδου | Μιλτιάδης | PROPN | propn-gen-m-sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Κίμωνος | appos | high | Patronymic apposition. |
| 17 | Σκυρίους | Σκύριος | ADJ | adj-acc-m-pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ποιήσαντος | obj | high | Substantivized adjective, the Scyrians. |
| 18 | ποιήσαντος | ποιέω | VERB | verb-aor-act-ptcp-gen-m-sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 ἐγένετο | advcl | high | Genitive absolute. |
| 19 | ἀναστάτους | ἀνάστατος | ADJ | adj-acc-m-pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ποιήσαντος | xcomp | high | Predicative complement of ποιήσαντος. |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 δίκην | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 21 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 δίκην | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 22 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 δίκην | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 23 | δίκην | δίκη | NOUN | noun-acc-f-sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ποιήσαντος | obl | high | Accusative of motive/retribution, ‘as punishment’. |
| 24 | δὴ | δή | PART | part | _ | 23 δίκην | discourse | high | |
| 25 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | article-gen-m-sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 θανάτου | det | high | |
| 26 | Θησέως | Θησεύς | PROPN | propn-gen-m-sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 θανάτου | nmod | high | |
| 27 | θανάτου | θάνατος | NOUN | noun-gen-m-sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 δίκην | nmod | high | Objective genitive: punishment for Theseus' death. |
| 28 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 καὶ | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 29 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 καὶ | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 30 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 καὶ | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 31 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | conj | _ | 18 ποιήσαντος | cc | high | Coordinates the participles ποιήσαντος and κομίσαντος. |
| 32 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | article-acc-n-pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 33 ὀστᾶ | det | high | |
| 33 | ὀστᾶ | ὀστέον | NOUN | noun-acc-n-pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 34 κομίσαντος | obj | high | |
| 34 | κομίσαντος | κομίζω | VERB | verb-aor-act-ptcp-gen-m-sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 18 ποιήσαντος | conj | high | Second coordinated genitive-absolute participle. |
| 35 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | prep-acc | _ | 36 Ἀθήνας | case | high | |
| 36 | Ἀθήνας | Ἀθῆναι | PROPN | propn-acc-f-pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 34 κομίσαντος | obl | high | |
| 37 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐγένετο | punct | high |