Grammar parses for passage 1.18.2
Open translation for this passage
ὑπὲρ δὲ τῶν Διοσκούρων τὸ ἱερὸν Ἀγλαύρου τέμενός ἐστιν.
The phrase ὑπὲρ τῶν Διοσκούρων is a prepositional fronted locative/relational adjunct; τέμενός is the nominative subject of the copular clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | _ | _ | 8 τέμενός | case | high | Governed by the genitive phrase. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 9 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 Διοσκούρων | det | high | Article modifying Διοσκούρων. |
| 4 | Διοσκούρων | Διόσκουροι | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ὑπὲρ | obl | high | Genitive complement of ὑπέρ. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 τέμενός | det | high | Article modifying τέμενός. |
| 6 | ἱερὸν | ἱερός | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 τέμενός | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying τέμενός. |
| 7 | Ἀγλαύρου | Ἄγλαυρος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 τέμενός | nmod | medium | Genitive of possession/association with τέμενός. |
| 8 | τέμενός | τέμενος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Predicate nominal subject with ἐστιν. |
| 9 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular finite verb, sentence root. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐστιν | punct | high | Sentence-ending punctuation. |
Ἀγλαύρῳ δὲ καὶ ταῖς ἀδελφαῖς Ἕρσῃ καὶ Πανδρόσῳ δοῦναί φασιν Ἀθηνᾶν Ἐριχθόνιον καταθεῖσαν ἐς κιβωτόν, ἀπειποῦσαν ἐς τὴν παρακαταθήκην μὴ πολυπραγμονεῖν· Πάνδροσον μὲν δὴ λέγουσι πείθεσθαι, τὰς δὲ δύο---ἀνοῖξαι γὰρ σφᾶς τὴν κιβωτόν---μαίνεσθαί τε, ὡς εἶδον τὸν Ἐριχθόνιον, καὶ κατὰ τῆς ἀκροπόλεως, ἔνθα ἦν μάλιστα ἀπότομον, αὑτὰς ῥῖψαι.
The syntax is a chain of indirect statements after φασιν/λέγουσι, with several coordinated infinitives and participles; punctuation and parenthetical γάρ-clause create local attachment ambiguity, especially around ἀνοῖξαι and μαίνεσθαί.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀγλαύρῳ | Ἀγλαυρός | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 δοῦναί | iobj | high | Dative recipient with δοῦναί. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 9 δοῦναί | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 1 Ἀγλαύρῳ | cc | high | Coordinates Ἀγλαύρῳ with the following dative names. |
| 4 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 ἀδελφαῖς | det | high | Article modifying ἀδελφαῖς. |
| 5 | ἀδελφαῖς | ἀδελφή | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 δοῦναί | iobj | high | Dative recipient coordinated with Ἀγλαύρῳ. |
| 6 | Ἕρσῃ | Ἕρση | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἀδελφαῖς | conj | high | Second dative name in coordination. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 Ἕρσῃ | cc | high | Coordinates Ἕρσῃ and Πανδρόσῳ. |
| 8 | Πανδρόσῳ | Πάνδροσος | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Ἕρσῃ | conj | high | Third dative name in coordination. |
| 9 | δοῦναί | δίδωμι | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 10 φασιν | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of φασιν. |
| 10 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main reporting verb. |
| 11 | Ἀθηνᾶν | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 καταθεῖσαν | nsubj | medium | Subject of καταθεῖσαν in accusative-with-infinitive construction; form is accusative in this text. |
| 12 | Ἐριχθόνιον | Ἐριχθόνιος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 καταθεῖσαν | obj | high | Object of καταθεῖσαν. |
| 13 | καταθεῖσαν | κατατίθημι | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 δοῦναί | xcomp | high | Participle modifying implied Athene; part of infinitival complement. |
| 14 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 15 κιβωτόν | case | high | Preposition with κιβωτόν. |
| 15 | κιβωτόν | κιβωτός | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 καταθεῖσαν | obl | high | Goal/complement of καταθεῖσαν. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 καταθεῖσαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 17 | ἀπειποῦσαν | ἀπειποῦσα | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 καταθεῖσαν | conj | medium | Likely coordinated participle of Athene; lemma/form ambiguity in citation, but token is accusative feminine singular participle. |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 20 παρακαταθήκην | case | high | Preposition with παρακαταθήκην. |
| 19 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 παρακαταθήκην | det | high | Article modifying παρακαταθήκην. |
| 20 | παρακαταθήκην | παρακαταθήκη | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἀπειποῦσαν | obl | high | Complement of ἐς in participial phrase. |
| 21 | μὴ | μή | PART | _ | _ | 22 πολυπραγμονεῖν | advmod | high | Negates infinitive. |
| 22 | πολυπραγμονεῖν | πολυπραγμονέω | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 17 ἀπειποῦσαν | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement dependent on ἀπειποῦσαν. |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 φασιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 24 | Πάνδροσον | Πάνδροσος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 λέγουσι | obj | high | Object/complement of λέγουσι in indirect statement. |
| 25 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 27 λέγουσι | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 26 | δὴ | δή | PART | _ | _ | 27 λέγουσι | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 27 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second main reporting verb. |
| 28 | πείθεσθαι | πείθομαι | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 27 λέγουσι | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of λέγουσι. |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 λέγουσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 30 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 32 δύο | det | high | Article with δύο used substantively. |
| 31 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 32 δύο | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 32 | δύο | δύο | NUM | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 36 ἀνοῖξαι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀνοῖξαι in accusative-with-infinitive construction. |
| 33 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 36 ἀνοῖξαι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 34 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 36 ἀνοῖξαι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 35 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 36 ἀνοῖξαι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 36 | ἀνοῖξαι | ἀνοίγω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 27 λέγουσι | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement within reported speech. |
| 37 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 36 ἀνοῖξαι | discourse | high | Explanatory particle. |
| 38 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 44 μαίνεσθαί | nsubj | high | Subject of μαίνεσθαί; reflexive/third-person pronoun. |
| 39 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 40 κιβωτόν | det | high | Article with κιβωτόν. |
| 40 | κιβωτόν | κιβωτός | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 36 ἀνοῖξαι | obj | high | Object of ἀνοῖξαι. |
| 41 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 44 μαίνεσθαί | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 42 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 44 μαίνεσθαί | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 43 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 44 μαίνεσθαί | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 44 | μαίνεσθαί | μαίνομαι | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 27 λέγουσι | conj | high | Second coordinated infinitive in indirect statement. |
| 45 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 44 μαίνεσθαί | cc | high | Enclitic coordinating particle. |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 44 μαίνεσθαί | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 47 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 48 εἶδον | mark | high | Introduces causal/temporal subordinate clause. |
| 48 | εἶδον | ὁράω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 44 μαίνεσθαί | advcl | high | Subordinate clause explaining the madness. |
| 49 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 50 Ἐριχθόνιον | det | high | Article with Ἐριχθόνιον. |
| 50 | Ἐριχθόνιον | Ἐριχθόνιος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 48 εἶδον | obj | high | Object of εἶδον. |
| 51 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 48 εἶδον | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 52 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 63 ῥῖψαι | cc | high | Coordinates ῥῖψαι with μαίνεσθαί or another coordinated infinitive. |
| 53 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | _ | _ | 55 ἀκροπόλεως | case | high | Preposition with ἀκροπόλεως. |
| 54 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 55 ἀκροπόλεως | det | high | Article modifying ἀκροπόλεως. |
| 55 | ἀκροπόλεως | ἀκρόπολις | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 63 ῥῖψαι | obl | high | Oblique complement of ῥῖψαι with κατά. |
| 56 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 63 ῥῖψαι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 57 | ἔνθα | ἔνθα | ADV | _ | _ | 58 ἦν | advmod | high | Locative relative adverb. |
| 58 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 60 ἀπότομον | cop | high | Copula within relative clause. |
| 59 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | _ | _ | 60 ἀπότομον | advmod | high | Degree adverb modifying ἀπότομον. |
| 60 | ἀπότομον | ἀπότομος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 58 ἦν | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective in relative clause; neuter singular suggests impersonal/locative description. |
| 61 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 58 ἦν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 62 | αὑτὰς | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 63 ῥῖψαι | obj | high | Reflexive object of ῥῖψαι. |
| 63 | ῥῖψαι | ῥίπτω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 27 λέγουσι | conj | high | Final coordinated infinitive in indirect statement. |
| 64 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 λέγουσι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
κατὰ τοῦτο ἐπαναβάντες Μῆδοι κατεφόνευσαν Ἀθηναίων τοὺς πλέον τι ἐς τὸν χρησμὸν ἢ Θεμιστοκλῆς εἰδέναι νομίζοντας καὶ τὴν ἀκρόπολιν ξύλοις καὶ σταυροῖς ἀποτειχίσαντας.
The main difficulty is the nested participial structure: νομίζοντας governs εἰδέναι, while ἀποτειχίσαντας is coordinated with it and shares the accusative object phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | _ | Case=Acc | 3 ἐπαναβάντες | obl | high | Governed by the participle ἐπαναβάντες with accusative τοῦτο. |
| 2 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Dem | 1 κατὰ | obj | high | Object of κατὰ. |
| 3 | ἐπαναβάντες | ἐπαναβαίνω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 κατεφόνευσαν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying Μῆδοι. |
| 4 | Μῆδοι | Μῆδος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 κατεφόνευσαν | nsubj | high | Subject of κατεφόνευσαν. |
| 5 | κατεφόνευσαν | καταφονεύω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 6 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 τοὺς | amod | medium | Likely attributive/genitive with τοὺς...νομίζοντας, referring to Athenians. |
| 7 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 16 νομίζοντας | obj | high | Article introducing participial object. |
| 8 | πλέον | πλέον | ADV | _ | _ | 9 τι | advmod | medium | Modifies τι as an adverbial degree element. |
| 9 | τι | τις | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 15 εἰδέναι | obj | medium | Infinitive complement phrase; exact attachment uncertain. |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | Case=Acc | 15 εἰδέναι | case | high | Preposition with χρησμὸν. |
| 11 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 χρησμὸν | det | high | Article with χρησμὸν. |
| 12 | χρησμὸν | χρησμός | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 εἰδέναι | obl | high | Object of εἰδέναι with ἐς. |
| 13 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 14 Θεμιστοκλῆς | cc | high | Coordinates comparative clause with Θεμιστοκλῆς. |
| 14 | Θεμιστοκλῆς | Θεμιστοκλῆς | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 εἰδέναι | nsubj | high | Subject of εἰδέναι. |
| 15 | εἰδέναι | οἶδα | VERB | _ | Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 16 νομίζοντας | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive dependent on νομίζοντας. |
| 16 | νομίζοντας | νομίζω | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 κατεφόνευσαν | obj | high | Accusative participle object of κατεφόνευσαν, with its own complements. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 16 νομίζοντας | cc | high | Coordinates participial objects. |
| 18 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 ἀκρόπολιν | det | high | Article with ἀκρόπολιν. |
| 19 | ἀκρόπολιν | ἀκρόπολις | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 ἀποτειχίσαντας | obj | high | Object of ἀποτειχίσαντας. |
| 20 | ξύλοις | ξύλον | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 23 ἀποτειχίσαντας | obl | high | Instrumental dative. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 ξύλοις | cc | high | Coordinates instruments. |
| 22 | σταυροῖς | σταυρός | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ξύλοις | conj | high | Second coordinated instrumental dative. |
| 23 | ἀποτειχίσαντας | ἀποτειχίζω | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 16 νομίζοντας | conj | high | Coordinate participle modifying the same accusative subject/object set as νομίζοντας. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 κατεφόνευσαν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |