Grammar parses for passage 1.18.6
Open translation for this passage
πρὶν δὲ ἐς τὸ ἱερὸν ἰέναι τοῦ Διὸς τοῦ Ὀλυμπίου ---Ἀδριανὸς ὁ Ῥωμαίων βασιλεὺς τόν τε ναὸν ἀνέθηκε καὶ τὸ ἄγαλμα θέας ἄξιον, οὗ μεγέθει μέν, ὅτι μὴ Ῥοδίοις καὶ Ῥωμαίοις εἰσὶν οἱ κολοσσοί, τὰ λοιπὰ ἀγάλματα ὁμοίως ἀπολείπεται, πεποίηται δὲ ἔκ τε ἐλέφαντος καὶ χρυσοῦ καὶ ἔχει τέχνης εὖ πρὸς τὸ μέγεθος ὁρῶσιν---, ἐνταῦθα εἰκόνες Ἀδριανοῦ δύο μέν εἰσι Θασίου λίθου, δύο δὲ Αἰγυπτίου· χαλκαῖ δὲ ἑστᾶσι πρὸ τῶν κιόνων ἃς Ἀθηναῖοι καλοῦσιν ἀποίκους πόλεις.
The sentence is heavily parenthetical and elliptical, with one main narrative clause (ἀνέθηκε) followed by descriptive clauses about the statue and multiple coordinated finite verbs.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | _ | _ | 6 ἰέναι | mark | high | Introduces temporal infinitival clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 14 Ἀδριανὸς | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 5 ἱερὸν | case | high | Preposition governing τὸ ἱερὸν. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ἱερὸν | det | high | Article with ἱερὸν. |
| 5 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἰέναι | obl | high | Object of ἐς in the infinitival clause. |
| 6 | ἰέναι | εἶμι | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 14 Ἀδριανὸς | advcl | high | Temporal infinitive dependent on Ἀδριανός as clause participant/source of narration. |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 Διὸς | det | high | Article with Διός. |
| 8 | Διὸς | Ζεύς | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἱερὸν. |
| 9 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 Ὀλυμπίου | det | high | Article with Ὀλυμπίου. |
| 10 | Ὀλυμπίου | Ὀλύμπιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Διὸς | amod | high | Attributive modifier of Διός. |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 Ἀδριανὸς | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 Ἀδριανὸς | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 Ἀδριανὸς | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 14 | Ἀδριανὸς | Ἁδριανός | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἀνέθηκε | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀνέθηκε. |
| 15 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 βασιλεὺς | det | high | Article with βασιλεὺς. |
| 16 | Ῥωμαίων | Ῥωμαῖος | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 βασιλεὺς | amod | high | Genitive adjective used substantivally to modify βασιλεὺς. |
| 17 | βασιλεὺς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Ἀδριανὸς | appos | high | Apposition to Ἀδριανός. |
| 18 | τόν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 ναὸν | det | high | Article with ναὸν. |
| 19 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 18 τόν | cc | high | Enclitic coordinating particle. |
| 20 | ναὸν | ναός | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἀνέθηκε | obj | high | Direct object of ἀνέθηκε. |
| 21 | ἀνέθηκε | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 21 ἀνέθηκε | cc | high | Coordinates ἀνέθηκε with ἔχει/πεποίηται clause chain. |
| 23 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 24 ἄγαλμα | det | high | Article with ἄγαλμα. |
| 24 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 ἀνέθηκε | obj | high | Second object of ἀνέθηκε. |
| 25 | θέας | θέα | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 ἄξιον | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἄξιον. |
| 26 | ἄξιον | ἄξιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 ἄγαλμα | amod | high | Predicative/attributive adjective modifying ἄγαλμα. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἄγαλμα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 28 | οὗ | ὅς | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 29 μεγέθει | nmod | medium | Relative pronoun; antecedent likely ἄγαλμα or whole clause content. |
| 29 | μεγέθει | μέγεθος | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 45 ἀπολείπεται | obl | medium | Dative of respect with ἀπολείπεται. |
| 30 | μέν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 29 μεγέθει | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 μεγέθει | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 32 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | _ | _ | 37 εἰσὶν | mark | high | Subordinate causal/comparative clause marker. |
| 33 | μὴ | μή | PART | _ | _ | 37 εἰσὶν | advmod | high | Negation with εἰσὶν. |
| 34 | Ῥοδίοις | Ῥόδιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 37 εἰσὶν | obl | high | Dative complement in comparison. |
| 35 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 34 Ῥοδίοις | cc | high | Coordinates datives. |
| 36 | Ῥωμαίοις | Ῥωμαῖος | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 34 Ῥοδίοις | conj | high | Second coordinate in dative comparison. |
| 37 | εἰσὶν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 45 ἀπολείπεται | advcl | medium | Finite clause within causal/comparative explanation. |
| 38 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 39 κολοσσοί | det | high | Article with κολοσσοί. |
| 39 | κολοσσοί | κολοσσός | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 37 εἰσὶν | nsubj | high | Subject of εἰσίν. |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 39 κολοσσοί | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 41 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 43 ἀγάλματα | det | high | Article with ἀγάλματα. |
| 42 | λοιπὰ | λοιπός | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 43 ἀγάλματα | amod | high | Modifier of ἀγάλματα. |
| 43 | ἀγάλματα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 45 ἀπολείπεται | obj | high | Object of ἀπολείπεται. |
| 44 | ὁμοίως | ὁμοίως | ADV | _ | _ | 45 ἀπολείπεται | advmod | high | Manner adverb. |
| 45 | ἀπολείπεται | ἀπολείπω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 37 εἰσὶν | conj | high | Conjoined with εἰσίν in the explanatory clause. |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 45 ἀπολείπεται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 47 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 21 ἀνέθηκε | conj | high | New coordinated finite verb in the description. |
| 48 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 47 πεποίηται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 49 | ἔκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 51 ἐλέφαντος | case | high | Preposition before material source. |
| 50 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 49 ἔκ | cc | high | Correlative particle with καὶ. |
| 51 | ἐλέφαντος | ἐλέφας | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 47 πεποίηται | obl | high | Material complement with ἐκ. |
| 52 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 51 ἐλέφαντος | cc | high | Coordinates genitive material nouns. |
| 53 | χρυσοῦ | χρυσός | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 51 ἐλέφαντος | conj | high | Second material in coordination. |
| 54 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 55 ἔχει | cc | high | Coordinates with following clause. |
| 55 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 47 πεποίηται | conj | high | Conjoined verb. |
| 56 | τέχνης | τέχνη | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 55 ἔχει | obj | medium | Likely genitive dependent with ἔχει; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 57 | εὖ | εὖ | ADV | _ | _ | 55 ἔχει | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἔχει. |
| 58 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | _ | _ | 60 μέγεθος | case | high | Preposition governing τὸ μέγεθος. |
| 59 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 60 μέγεθος | det | high | Article with μέγεθος. |
| 60 | μέγεθος | μέγεθος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 55 ἔχει | obl | high | Goal/standard in comparison with πρὸς. |
| 61 | ὁρῶσιν | ὁράω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 55 ἔχει | advcl | low | Likely participial construction ('for those who see'); form may reflect participle or textual issue. |
| 62 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 55 ἔχει | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 63 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 55 ἔχει | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 64 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 55 ἔχει | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 65 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 55 ἔχει | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 66 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | _ | _ | 71 εἰσι | advmod | high | Locative adverb. |
| 67 | εἰκόνες | εἰκών | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 71 εἰσι | nsubj | high | Subject of εἰσι. |
| 68 | Ἀδριανοῦ | Ἁδριανός | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 67 εἰκόνες | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of εἰκόνες. |
| 69 | δύο | δύο | NUM | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 67 εἰκόνες | nummod | high | Numeral modifying εἰκόνες. |
| 70 | μέν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 71 εἰσι | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 71 | εἰσι | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second main clause; root of the descriptive sentence segment. |
| 72 | Θασίου | Θάσιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 73 λίθου | amod | high | Modifier of λίθου. |
| 73 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 71 εἰσι | xcomp | medium | Predicate nominal material specification with εἰσι. |
| 74 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 71 εἰσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 75 | δύο | δύο | NUM | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 71 εἰσι | nsubj | high | Second coordinated subject/predicate nominal set. |
| 76 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 75 δύο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 77 | Αἰγυπτίου | Αἰγύπτιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 75 δύο | amod | medium | Genitive descriptive modifier; syntax elliptical. |
| 78 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 71 εἰσι | punct | high | Middle dot punctuation. |
| 79 | χαλκαῖ | χαλκοῦς | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 81 ἑστᾶσι | amod | high | Predicate adjective modifying implied εἰκόνες. |
| 80 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 81 ἑστᾶσι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 81 | ἑστᾶσι | ἵστημι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 71 εἰσι | conj | high | Conjoined finite verb. |
| 82 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | _ | _ | 84 κιόνων | case | high | Preposition governing κιόνων. |
| 83 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 84 κιόνων | det | high | Article with κιόνων. |
| 84 | κιόνων | κίων | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 81 ἑστᾶσι | obl | high | Object of πρό. |
| 85 | ἃς | ὅς | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 87 καλοῦσιν | obj | high | Relative pronoun referring to εἰκόνες. |
| 86 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 87 καλοῦσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of καλοῦσιν. |
| 87 | καλοῦσιν | καλέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 81 ἑστᾶσι | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying ἃς. |
| 88 | ἀποίκους | ἄποικος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 89 πόλεις | amod | high | Modifier of πόλεις. |
| 89 | πόλεις | πόλις | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 87 καλοῦσιν | obj | high | Second object complement of καλοῦσιν. |
| 90 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 71 εἰσι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ὁ μὲν δὴ πᾶς περίβολος σταδίων μάλιστα τεσσάρων ἐστίν, ἀνδριάντων δὲ πλήρης· ἀπὸ γὰρ πόλεως ἑκάστης εἰκὼν Ἀδριανοῦ βασιλέως ἀνάκειται, καὶ σφᾶς ὑπερεβάλοντο Ἀθηναῖοι τὸν κολοσσὸν ἀναθέντες ὄπισθε τοῦ ναοῦ θέας ἄξιον.
The passage contains several paratactic clauses; πλήρης is treated as an elliptical root, and ἄξιον is taken as a predicative complement in the participial phrase despite some syntactic ambiguity.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 περίβολος | det | high | Article modifying περίβολος. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 1 ὁ | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | _ | _ | 1 ὁ | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | πᾶς | πᾶς | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 περίβολος | amod | high | Attributive adjective with περίβολος. |
| 5 | περίβολος | περίβολος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐστίν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστίν. |
| 6 | σταδίων | στάδιον | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἐστίν | nmod | medium | Genitive of measure with ἐστίν. |
| 7 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | _ | _ | 8 τεσσάρων | advmod | high | Adverb modifying τεσσάρων. |
| 8 | τεσσάρων | τέσσαρες | NUM | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 σταδίων | nummod | high | Numeral agreeing with σταδίων. |
| 9 | ἐστίν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/root clause. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐστίν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | ἀνδριάντων | ἀνδριάς | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 πλήρης | nmod | high | Genitive complement of πλήρης. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 13 πλήρης | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 13 | πλήρης | πλήρης | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Elliptical/copular predicate; likely new clause with omitted ἐστίν. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 πλήρης | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 15 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | _ | _ | 17 πόλεως | case | high | Preposition governing πόλεως. |
| 16 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 22 ἀνάκειται | discourse | high | Explanatory particle. |
| 17 | πόλεως | πόλις | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 εἰκὼν | nmod | high | Dependent of εἰκών within ἀπό phrase. |
| 18 | ἑκάστης | ἕκαστος | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 πόλεως | amod | high | Modifies πόλεως. |
| 19 | εἰκὼν | εἰκών | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἀνάκειται | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀνάκειται. |
| 20 | Ἀδριανοῦ | Ἁδριανός | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 βασιλέως | nmod | high | Modifies βασιλέως. |
| 21 | βασιλέως | βασιλεύς | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 εἰκὼν | nmod | high | Genitive apposition/descriptor to εἰκών. |
| 22 | ἀνάκειται | ἀνάκειμαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Root of third clause. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἀνάκειται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 26 ὑπερεβάλοντο | cc | high | Coordinates with preceding clause. |
| 25 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 26 ὑπερεβάλοντο | obj | medium | Reflexive/third-person pronoun; object of ὑπερεβάλοντο. |
| 26 | ὑπερεβάλοντο | ὑπερβάλλω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of final clause. |
| 27 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 ὑπερεβάλοντο | nsubj | high | Subject of ὑπερεβάλοντο. |
| 28 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 29 κολοσσὸν | det | high | Article modifying κολοσσόν. |
| 29 | κολοσσὸν | κολοσσός | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 ἀναθέντες | obj | high | Object of ἀναθέντες. |
| 30 | ἀναθέντες | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 26 ὑπερεβάλοντο | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying Ἀθηναῖοι. |
| 31 | ὄπισθε | ὄπισθε | ADP | _ | _ | 33 ναοῦ | case | medium | Prepositional/postpositive form governing τοῦ ναοῦ. |
| 32 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 33 ναοῦ | det | high | Article modifying ναοῦ. |
| 33 | ναοῦ | ναός | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 ἀναθέντες | obl | high | Adverbial locative phrase dependent on participle. |
| 34 | θέας | θέα | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 35 ἄξιον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἄξιον. |
| 35 | ἄξιον | ἄξιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 30 ἀναθέντες | xcomp | medium | Predicative complement with implied neuter object; likely agrees with κολοσσόν as secondary predicate. |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 ὑπερεβάλοντο | punct | high | Punctuation. |