Grammar parses for passage 1.2.6
Open translation for this passage
Ἀκταῖον λέγουσιν ἐν τῇ νῦν Ἀττικῇ βασιλεῦσαι πρῶτον.
Infinitival reported speech: Ἀκταῖον is the accusative subject of βασιλεῦσαι; ἐν τῇ νῦν Ἀττικῇ is a locative prepositional phrase, with νῦν modifying Ἀττικῇ. πρῶτον is an adverbial accusative of temporal priority.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀκταῖον | Ἀκταῖος | PROPN | A--SMN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 βασιλεῦσαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the complementary infinitive. |
| 2 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R------ | _ | 6 Ἀττικῇ | case | high | |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | S-DFD-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Ἀττικῇ | det | high | |
| 5 | νῦν | νῦν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 6 Ἀττικῇ | advmod | high | Temporal adverb used attributively: present-day Attica. |
| 6 | Ἀττικῇ | Ἀττική | PROPN | A--SDF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 βασιλεῦσαι | obl | high | Locative object of ἐν; the preposition attaches to this noun. |
| 7 | βασιλεῦσαι | βασιλεύω | VERB | V--AAN-- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 2 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Complementary infinitive governed by λέγουσιν. |
| 8 | πρῶτον | πρῶτος | ADV | A-SN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 βασιλεῦσαι | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative, ‘first/for the first time’; neuter form is also compatible with adverbial use. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 λέγουσιν | punct | high |
ἀποθανόντος δὲ Ἀκταίου Κέκροψ ἐκδέχεται τὴν ἀρχὴν θυγατρὶ συνοικῶν Ἀκταίου, καί οἱ γίνονται θυγατέρες μὲν Ἕρση καὶ Ἄγλαυρος καὶ Πάνδροσος, υἱὸς δὲ Ἐρυσίχθων.
Genitive absolute ἀποθανόντος δὲ Ἀκταίου sets the temporal circumstance. Κέκροψ is subject of ἐκδέχεται; θυγατρί is dative with συνοικῶν, while the later dative οἱ is an experiencer/possessor with γίνονται and the predicate nominatives list the children. Ἀκταίου at token 10 is dependent on θυγατρί.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀποθανόντος | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-PAP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 Ἀκταίου | acl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἀποθανόντος | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἀκταίου | Ἀκταῖος | PROPN | N-PRI-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐκδέχεται | obl | high | Genitive-absolute subject. |
| 4 | Κέκροψ | Κέκροψ | PROPN | N-PRI-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐκδέχεται | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐκδέχεται. |
| 5 | ἐκδέχεται | ἐκδέχομαι | VERB | V-PMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀρχὴν | det | high | |
| 7 | ἀρχὴν | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἐκδέχεται | obj | high | Object of ἐκδέχεται. |
| 8 | θυγατρὶ | θυγάτηρ | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 συνοικῶν | obl | high | Dative with συνοικῶν. |
| 9 | συνοικῶν | συνοικέω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 ἐκδέχεται | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with Κέκροψ. |
| 10 | Ἀκταίου | Ἀκταῖος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 θυγατρὶ | nmod | high | Specifies whose daughter. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐκδέχεται | punct | high | |
| 12 | καί | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 γίνονται | cc | high | Coordinates the following clause. |
| 13 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 γίνονται | iobj | medium | Dative of possession/interest; form may be interpreted as singular masculine οἱ, but plural is syntactically plausible with the listed parents. |
| 14 | γίνονται | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-PMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 5 ἐκδέχεται | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb. |
| 15 | θυγατέρες | θυγάτηρ | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 14 γίνονται | nsubj | high | Predicate/produced subject nominative. |
| 16 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 15 θυγατέρες | discourse | high | Correlative particle answered by δέ. |
| 17 | Ἕρση | Ἕρση | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 θυγατέρες | appos | high | First daughter named. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 Ἄγλαυρος | cc | high | |
| 19 | Ἄγλαυρος | Ἄγλαυρος | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 Ἕρση | conj | high | Second daughter named. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 Πάνδροσος | cc | high | |
| 21 | Πάνδροσος | Πάνδροσος | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 Ἄγλαυρος | conj | high | Third daughter named. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 γίνονται | punct | high | |
| 23 | υἱὸς | υἱός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 γίνονται | conj | high | Contrasted predicate nominative: one son. |
| 24 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 23 υἱὸς | cc | high | Contrasts υἱός with the preceding daughters. |
| 25 | Ἐρυσίχθων | Ἐρυσίχθων | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 υἱὸς | appos | high | Name of the son. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐκδέχεται | punct | high |
οὗτος οὐκ ἐβασίλευσεν Ἀθηναίων, ἀλλά οἱ τοῦ πατρὸς ζῶντος τελευτῆσαι συνέβη.
οἱ is the dative singular pronoun in the impersonal construction συνέβη τελευτῆσαι, while τοῦ πατρὸς ζῶντος is a genitive absolute; Ἀθηναίων is a partitive/genitive complement of ἐβασίλευσεν. The attachment of οἱ may be analyzed as an indirect-object-like experiencer.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | PDNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 ἐβασίλευσεν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D否 | Polarity=Neg | 3 ἐβασίλευσεν | advmod | high | |
| 3 | ἐβασίλευσεν | βασιλεύω | VERB | V3SAAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N3PGA | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἐβασίλευσεν | nmod | medium | Genitive of the people ruled; analyzed as dependent on βασιλεύω. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐβασίλευσεν | punct | high | |
| 6 | ἀλλά | ἀλλά | CCONJ | _ | _ | 12 συνέβη | cc | high | Coordinates the contrasting second clause. |
| 7 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | RP3DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 12 συνέβη | iobj | medium | Dative experiencer/argument of the impersonal συνέβη. |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 πατρὸς | det | high | |
| 9 | πατρὸς | πατήρ | NOUN | N3GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ζῶντος | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute with ζῶντος. |
| 10 | ζῶντος | ζάω | VERB | V-PAP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 τελευτῆσαι | advcl | high | Genitive absolute, semantically subordinate to τελευτῆσαι συνέβη. |
| 11 | τελευτῆσαι | τελευτάω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 12 συνέβη | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of συνέβη. |
| 12 | συνέβη | συμβαίνω | VERB | V3SAAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 3 ἐβασίλευσεν | conj | high | |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 συνέβη | punct | high |
καὶ τὴν ἀρχὴν τὴν Κέκροπος Κραναὸς ἐξεδέξατο, Ἀθηναίων δυνάμει προύχων.
The first accusative article-noun phrase is followed by a repeated article plus Κέκροπος and Κραναὸς in an appositional/name-identifying construction; προύχων is a circumstantial nominative participle modifying the subject, with δυνάμει as a dative of means.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἐξεδέξατο | cc | high | |
| 2 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | ART | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἀρχὴν | det | high | |
| 3 | ἀρχὴν | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐξεδέξατο | obj | high | |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | ART | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 Κέκροπος | det | high | |
| 5 | Κέκροπος | Κέκροψ | PROPN | N-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Κραναὸς | nmod | high | |
| 6 | Κραναὸς | Κραναός | PROPN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀρχὴν | appos | high | Appositional name identifying the authority/office associated with Κέκροπος. |
| 7 | ἐξεδέξατο | ἐκδέχομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Aspect=Perfective|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐξεδέξατο | punct | high | |
| 9 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 δυνάμει | amod | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘of the Athenians’. |
| 10 | δυνάμει | δύναμις | NOUN | N-DFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 προύχων | obl | medium | Dative of means/strength with προύχων. |
| 11 | προύχων | προέχω | VERB | V-PAP-NMS | Aspect=Imperfective|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 ἐξεδέξατο | advcl | medium | Present participle in a supplementary/circumstantial clause; construed as ‘being preeminent’ or ‘prevailing’ in Athenian power. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐξεδέξατο | punct | high |
Κραναῷ δὲ Ἀμφικτύων ἐπαναστάς, θυγατέρα ὅμως ἔχων αὐτοῦ, παύει τῆς ἀρχῆς.
Ἀμφικτύων is the nominative subject of παύει; ἐπαναστάς is a circumstantial aorist participle, while θυγατέρα ἔχων is a concessive/contrastive participial phrase with ὅμως. Κραναῷ is dative of the person displaced; τῆς ἀρχῆς is the genitive complement of παύει.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Κραναῷ | Κραναός | PROPN | N-df3s | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 παύει | obl:arg | high | Dative person from whom Amphictyon removes rule. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C—— | _ | 11 παύει | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἀμφικτύων | Ἀμφικτύων | PROPN | N-nm3s | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 παύει | nsubj | high | Subject of παύει. |
| 4 | ἐπαναστάς | ἐπανίστημι | VERB | V-papamn-s | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 11 παύει | advcl | high | Circumstantial aorist participle, agreeing with Ἀμφικτύων. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐπαναστάς | punct | high | |
| 6 | θυγατέρα | θυγάτηρ | NOUN | N-af4s | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἔχων | obj | high | Direct object of ἔχων. |
| 7 | ὅμως | ὅμως | ADV | D—— | _ | 8 ἔχων | advmod | high | Adverbial concessive/contrastive marker. |
| 8 | ἔχων | ἔχω | VERB | V-papamn-s | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 11 παύει | advcl | high | Present participle, agreeing with Ἀμφικτύων; concessive in context. |
| 9 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | P-sgm3 | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 6 θυγατέρα | nmod:poss | high | Possessive genitive, ‘his daughter’. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἔχων | punct | high | |
| 11 | παύει | παύω | VERB | V-pia3s | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb. |
| 12 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-gf-s | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἀρχῆς | det | high | |
| 13 | ἀρχῆς | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-gf3s | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 παύει | obl | high | Genitive complement with παύει, ‘stops/removes from rule’. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 παύει | punct | high |
πατέρα δὲ Ἐριχθονίῳ λέγουσιν ἀνθρώπων μὲν οὐδένα εἶναι, γονέας δὲ Ἥφαιστον καὶ Γῆν.
Infinitival ἐριχθονίου parentage construction is coordinated: πατέρα ... οὐδένα εἶναι and γονέας ... Ἥφαιστον καὶ Γῆν. The accusative πατέρα is fronted/predicative with Ἐριχθονίῳ as dative of reference; γονέας is likewise predicative accusative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πατέρα | πατήρ | NOUN | N-ASM-SG | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicative accusative noun with εἶναι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | PTCL | _ | 1 πατέρα | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἐριχθονίῳ | Ἐριχθόνιος | PROPN | N-DМS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 λέγουσιν | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/person concerned; proper-name adjective used substantivally. |
| 4 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Matrix reporting verb. |
| 5 | ἀνθρώπων | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 οὐδένα | nmod | high | Genitive partitive or reference with οὐδένα. |
| 6 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PTCL | _ | 5 ἀνθρώπων | advmod | high | Correlative particle balancing δέ. |
| 7 | οὐδένα | οὐδείς | PRON | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 8 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of εἶναι under the infinitive; οὐδείς is morphologically pronominal adjective. |
| 8 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 λέγουσιν | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of λέγουσιν. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 εἶναι | punct | high | |
| 10 | γονέας | γονεύς | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 εἶναι | conj | high | Second coordinated predicative accusative, with omitted repeated εἶναι. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | PTCL | _ | 10 γονέας | cc | high | Postpositive connective introducing the contrasting second member. |
| 12 | Ἥφαιστον | Ἥφαιστος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 γονέας | nmod | high | Accusative proper name dependent on γονέας, naming one parent. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 Γῆν | cc | high | Coordinates the two parent names. |
| 14 | Γῆν | Γῆ | PROPN | N-AF-SG | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 Ἥφαιστον | conj | high | Accusative proper name coordinated with Ἥφαιστον. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 λέγουσιν | punct | high |