Grammar parses for passage 1.21.2
Open translation for this passage
τὴν δὲ εἰκόνα τὴν Αἰσχύλου πολλῷ τε ὕστερον τῆς τελευτῆς δοκῶ ποιηθῆναι καὶ τῆς γραφῆς ἣ τὸ ἔργον ἔχει τὸ Μαραθῶνι.
The syntax centers on δοκῶ with an infinitival complement ποιηθῆναι, while καὶ links a second genitive phrase (τῆς γραφῆς) that continues the predication; the final relative clause modifies γραφῆς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 εἰκόνα | det | high | Article modifying εἰκόνα. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 11 δοκῶ | discourse | high | Postpositive discourse particle. |
| 3 | εἰκόνα | εἰκών | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ποιηθῆναι | obj | high | Accusative infinitival subject/complement of ποιηθῆναι. |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 εἰκόνα | det | high | Article with εἰκόνα. |
| 5 | Αἰσχύλου | Αἰσχύλος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 εἰκόνα | nmod | high | Genitive of possession/modification. |
| 6 | πολλῷ | πολύς | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ὕστερον | advmod | medium | Degree modifier in comparative phrase; form is dative neuter comparative/adverbial. |
| 7 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 8 ὕστερον | advmod | medium | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 8 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | _ | Degree=Cmp | 11 δοκῶ | advmod | high | Comparative adverb modifying δοκῶ. |
| 9 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 τελευτῆς | det | high | Article with τελευτῆς. |
| 10 | τελευτῆς | τελευτή | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ὕστερον | obl | high | Genitive complement in comparison/time expression. |
| 11 | δοκῶ | δοκέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb governing infinitival clause. |
| 12 | ποιηθῆναι | ποιέω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 11 δοκῶ | ccomp | high | Complement infinitive of δοκῶ. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 12 ποιηθῆναι | cc | high | Coordinator linking infinitival complements/phrases. |
| 14 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 γραφῆς | det | high | Article with γραφῆς. |
| 15 | γραφῆς | γραφή | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ποιηθῆναι | conj | high | Conjunct genitive phrase coordinated with ποιηθῆναι. |
| 16 | ἣ | ὅς | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 19 ἔχει | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun subject of ἔχει. |
| 17 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 ἔργον | det | high | Article with ἔργον. |
| 18 | ἔργον | ἔργον | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ἔχει | obj | high | Direct object of ἔχει. |
| 19 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 γραφῆς | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying γραφῆς. |
| 20 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 Μαραθῶνι | det | medium | Likely article with Μαραθῶνι, though case is unusual. |
| 21 | Μαραθῶνι | Μαραθών | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἔχει | obl | high | Dative of place/reference with ἔχει. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 δοκῶ | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ἔφη δὲ Αἰσχύλος μειράκιον ὢν καθεύδειν ἐν ἀγρῷ φυλάσσων σταφυλάς,
Reported speech with an infinitival complement; the participles ὢν and φυλάσσων are circumstantial modifiers of Αἰσχύλος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔφη | φημί | VERB | V-3SIAI | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb introducing reported speech. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 1 ἔφη | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Αἰσχύλος | Αἰσχύλος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ἔφη | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔφη. |
| 4 | μειράκιον | μειράκιον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 καθεύδειν | obj | medium | Accusative complement of καθεύδειν; likely predicate accusative with subject implied by participle. |
| 5 | ὢν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 3 Αἰσχύλος | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with Αἰσχύλος. |
| 6 | καθεύδειν | καθεύδω | VERB | V-PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 ἔφη | ccomp | high | Complement clause of ἔφη. |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 8 ἀγρῷ | case | high | Preposition governing ἀγρῷ. |
| 8 | ἀγρῷ | ἀγρός | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 καθεύδειν | obl | high | Locative oblique dependent of the infinitive. |
| 9 | φυλάσσων | φυλάσσω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 3 Αἰσχύλος | advcl | high | Second circumstantial participle agreeing with Αἰσχύλος. |
| 10 | σταφυλάς | σταφυλή | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 φυλάσσων | obj | high | Object of φυλάσσων. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔφη | punct | high | Punctuation. |
καί οἱ Διόνυσον ἐπιστάντα κελεῦσαι τραγῳδίαν ποιεῖν·
Likely indirect discourse with accusative-and-infinitive after κελεῦσαι; ἐπιστάντα is best taken as a supplementary participle modifying the accusative subject Διόνυσον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καί | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 5 κελεῦσαι | cc | high | coordinating conjunction linking to prior context |
| 2 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | P-S---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 5 κελεῦσαι | nsubj | medium | dative pronoun; likely subject of κελεῦσαι in indirect style, though case is unexpected |
| 3 | Διόνυσον | Διόνυσος | PROPN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 κελεῦσαι | obj | high | accusative subject of the infinitive |
| 4 | ἐπιστάντα | ἐφίστημι | VERB | V-SAP-AMA- | Aspect=Perf|Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 3 Διόνυσον | advcl | medium | participle agreeing with Διόνυσον; participial modifier |
| 5 | κελεῦσαι | κελεύω | VERB | V--AAN--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | main infinitive in indirect statement/reporting construction |
| 6 | τραγῳδίαν | τραγῳδία | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ποιεῖν | obj | high | object of ποιεῖν |
| 7 | ποιεῖν | ποιέω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 5 κελεῦσαι | xcomp | high | complement of κελεῦσαι |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 κελεῦσαι | punct | high | punctuation |
ὡς δὲ ἦν ἡμέρα--- πείθεσθαι γὰρ ἐθέλειν---ῥᾷστα ἤδη πειρώμενος ποιεῖν.
The sentence is highly elliptical and interrupted by dashes; I analyze ἦν as the main finite verb, with the infinitival phrase ποιεῖν as a subordinate complement and the participle πειρώμενος modifying that infinitival complex.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 3 ἦν | mark | medium | Introduces subordinate clause; exact clause type somewhat uncertain. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 3 ἦν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Finite verb of the clause; sentence structure somewhat elliptical. |
| 4 | ἡμέρα | ἡμέρα | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦν. |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἦν | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἦν | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἦν | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 8 | πείθεσθαι | πείθω | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 10 ἐθέλειν | obj | medium | Infinitival complement under ἐθέλειν. |
| 9 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 10 ἐθέλειν | discourse | high | Explanatory particle. |
| 10 | ἐθέλειν | ἐθέλω | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 17 ποιεῖν | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of ποιεῖν. |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἦν | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἦν | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἦν | punct | high | Dash punctuation. |
| 14 | ῥᾷστα | ῥᾴστος | ADV | _ | _ | 17 ποιεῖν | advmod | high | Superlative adverb used adverbially: 'most easily'. |
| 15 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | _ | _ | 16 πειρώμενος | advmod | high | Modifies participle. |
| 16 | πειρώμενος | πείρω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 17 ποιεῖν | advcl | medium | Circumstantial participle modifying the infinitive phrase. |
| 17 | ποιεῖν | ποιέω | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 3 ἦν | advcl | low | Likely dependent on ἦν as an infinitival clause or explanatory construction; syntax is elliptical. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἦν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |