Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 1.21.3

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Passage 1.21.3

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4sentences parsed

96Greek tokens

3,177input tokens

6,898output tokens

Sentence 2

1.21.3 sentence 2

Tokens: 31
Input: 854
Output: 2,226
Total: 3,080

ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ Νοτίου καλουμένου τείχους, ὃ τῆς ἀκροπόλεως ἐς τὸ θέατρόν ἐστι τετραμμένον, ἐπὶ τούτου Μεδούσης τῆς Γοργόνος ἐπίχρυσος ἀνάκειται κεφαλή, καὶ περὶ αὐτὴν αἰγὶς πεποίηται.

The sentence has two coordinated predicates: ἀνάκειται with κεφαλή as subject, and πεποίηται with αἰγίς as subject; the first ἐπί phrase is locative with the genitive wall.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	P	Case=Dat	23 ἀνάκειται	case	high	Introduces the locative phrase modifying ἀνάκειται.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	23 ἀνάκειται	cc	high
3	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-DSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	6 τείχους	det	high
4	Νοτίου	νότιος	ADJ	A-DSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	6 τείχους	amod	high	Substantivized/adjectival modifier, ‘southern’.
5	καλουμένου	καλέω	VERB	V-PPP-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	6 τείχους	acl	high	Passive participle agreeing with τείχους.
6	τείχους	τεῖχος	NOUN	N-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	1 ἐπὶ	obl	high
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	8 ὃ	punct	high
8	ὃ	ὅς	PRON	R-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Rel	15 τετραμμένον	nsubj:pass	high	Relative pronoun is subject of τετραμμένον.
9	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	10 ἀκροπόλεως	det	high
10	ἀκροπόλεως	ἀκρόπολις	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	15 τετραμμένον	obl	high	Genitive of reference/separation with ἐς phrase.
11	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	P	Case=Acc	13 θέατρόν	case	high
12	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	13 θέατρόν	det	high
13	θέατρόν	θέατρον	NOUN	N-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	15 τετραμμένον	obl	high
14	ἐστι	εἰμί	AUX	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	15 τετραμμένον	aux:pass	medium	With passive participle, forms the periphrastic predicate.
15	τετραμμένον	τρέπω	VERB	V-RPP-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	6 τείχους	acl:relcl	high	Predicate participle of the relative clause, agreeing with ὃ.
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	17 ἐπὶ	punct	high
17	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	P	Case=Gen	18 τούτου	case	high	With genitive τούτου, ‘upon this’.
18	τούτου	οὗτος	PRON	D-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	23 ἀνάκειται	obl	high	Refers to the wall.
19	Μεδούσης	Μέδουσα	PROPN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	24 κεφαλή	nmod:poss	high	Possessive/genitive modifier of κεφαλή.
20	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	21 Γοργόνος	det	high
21	Γοργόνος	Γοργών	PROPN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	19 Μεδούσης	appos	high	Apposition identifying Medusa as the Gorgon.
22	ἐπίχρυσος	ἐπίχρυσος	ADJ	A-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	24 κεφαλή	amod	high	Agrees with κεφαλή.
23	ἀνάκειται	ἀνάκειμαι	VERB	V-PMI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Main predicate.
24	κεφαλή	κεφαλή	NOUN	N-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	23 ἀνάκειται	nsubj	high
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	30 πεποίηται	punct	high
26	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	30 πεποίηται	cc	high	Coordinates the second predicate.
27	περὶ	περί	ADP	P	Case=Acc	28 αὐτὴν	case	high
28	αὐτὴν	αὐτός	PRON	P-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Prs	29 αἰγὶς	obl	high	Refers to κεφαλή.
29	αἰγὶς	αἰγίς	NOUN	N-NSF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	30 πεποίηται	nsubj:pass	high	Subject of πεποίηται.
30	πεποίηται	ποιέω	VERB	V-RMI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	23 ἀνάκειται	conj	high	Coordinated predicate; middle/passive perfect has passive sense, ‘has been made’.
31	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	23 ἀνάκειται	punct	high

Sentence 3

1.21.3 sentence 3

Tokens: 15
Input: 708
Output: 1,072
Total: 1,780

ἐν δὲ τῇ κορυφῇ τοῦ θεάτρου σπήλαιόν ἐστιν ἐν ταῖς πέτραις ὑπὸ τὴν ἀκρόπολιν·

Existential clause: σπήλαιον is the subject of ἐστιν; ἐν τῇ κορυφῇ τοῦ θεάτρου and ἐν ταῖς πέτραις are locative phrases. ὑπό with accusative is analyzed as a further locative relation (‘below/under the acropolis’).

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	4 κορυφῇ	case	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	8 ἐστιν	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	τῇ	ὁ	DET	ART	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	4 κορυφῇ	det	high
4	κορυφῇ	κορυφή	NOUN	N-DPF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 ἐστιν	obl	high	Locative dative governed by ἐν.
5	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	ART	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	6 θεάτρου	det	high
6	θεάτρου	θέατρον	NOUN	N-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	4 κορυφῇ	nmod	high
7	σπήλαιόν	σπήλαιον	NOUN	N-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	8 ἐστιν	nsubj	high	Existential subject; accent reflects enclitic context.
8	ἐστιν	εἰμί	VERB	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
9	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	11 πέτραις	case	high
10	ταῖς	ὁ	DET	ART	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	11 πέτραις	det	high
11	πέτραις	πέτρα	NOUN	N-DPF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	8 ἐστιν	obl	high	Locative phrase governed by ἐν.
12	ὑπὸ	ὑπό	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	14 ἀκρόπολιν	case	high	With accusative, expressing position below/under.
13	τὴν	ὁ	DET	ART	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	14 ἀκρόπολιν	det	high
14	ἀκρόπολιν	ἀκρόπολις	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	11 πέτραις	obl	medium	Likely dependent on πέτραις as a second locative specification; attachment to the clause is also possible.
15	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	8 ἐστιν	punct	high

Sentence 4

1.21.3 sentence 4

Tokens: 6
Input: 608
Output: 472
Total: 1,080

τρίπους δὲ ἔπεστι καὶ τούτῳ·

The clause means approximately ‘and this one too has/is provided with a tripod’; τούτῳ is a dative associated with ἔπεστι, with the precise semantic relation context-dependent.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τρίπους	τρίπους	NOUN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	3 ἔπεστι	nsubj	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	3 ἔπεστι	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ἔπεστι	ἔπειμι	VERB	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	medium	Present of ἔπειμι, ‘is present/exists’; accentual form ἔπεστι.
4	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	3 ἔπεστι	cc	high	Coordinates the dative complement/addition.
5	τούτῳ	οὗτος	PRON	D-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	3 ἔπεστι	obl	medium	Dative of possession or association: ‘this one/this too’; exact relation is context-sensitive.
6	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	3 ἔπεστι	punct	high

Sentence 6

1.21.3 sentence 6

Tokens: 44
Input: 1,007
Output: 3,128
Total: 4,135

ταύτην τὴν Νιόβην καὶ αὐτὸς εἶδον ἀνελθὼν ἐς τὸν Σίπυλον τὸ ὄρος· ἡ δὲ πλησίον μὲν πέτρα καὶ κρημνός ἐστιν οὐδὲν παρόντι σχῆμα παρεχόμενος γυναικὸς οὔτε ἄλλως οὔτε πενθούσης· εἰ δέ γε πορρωτέρω γένοιο, δεδακρυμένην δόξεις ὁρᾶν καὶ κατηφῆ γυναῖκα.

The passage contains three coordinated clauses: εἶδον governs ἀνελθών and the object Νιόβην; ἐστιν predicates πέτρα καὶ κρημνός, with παρεχόμενος agreeing with the coordinated subject and γυναικός as genitive of comparison/description. The final conditional has γένοιο as a second-person optative protasis and δόξεις ... ὁρᾶν as apodosis.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ταύτην	οὗτος	DET	PD--AFA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	3 Νιόβην	det	high
2	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T----AFA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	3 Νιόβην	det	high
3	Νιόβην	Νιόβη	PROPN	N----AFA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 εἶδον	obj	high
4	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	6 εἶδον	cc	high
5	αὐτὸς	αὐτός	PRON	P----NMS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Prs	6 εἶδον	nsubj	high	Intensive pronoun, ‘I myself’.
6	εἶδον	ὁράω	VERB	V--IA1S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
7	ἀνελθὼν	ἀνέρχομαι	VERB	V--AAPNS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	6 εἶδον	advcl	high
8	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R--------	_	10 Σίπυλον	case	high
9	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T----AMS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	10 Σίπυλον	det	high
10	Σίπυλον	Σίπυλος	PROPN	N----AMS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	7 ἀνελθὼν	obl	high
11	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T----ANS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	12 ὄρος	det	high
12	ὄρος	ὄρος	NOUN	N----ANS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	10 Σίπυλον	appos	high	Apposition to Σίπυλον.
13	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	6 εἶδον	punct	high
14	ἡ	ὁ	DET	T----NFS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	18 πέτρα	det	high
15	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	21 ἐστιν	cc	high
16	πλησίον	πλησίον	ADV	D--------	_	21 ἐστιν	advmod	high	Adverbial ‘nearby/at close range’.
17	μὲν	μέν	PART	X--------	_	21 ἐστιν	discourse	high
18	πέτρα	πέτρα	NOUN	N----NFS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	21 ἐστιν	nsubj	high	First member of coordinated predicate nominal subject.
19	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	20 κρημνός	cc	high
20	κρημνός	κρημνός	NOUN	N----NMS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	18 πέτρα	conj	high	Coordinated with πέτρα.
21	ἐστιν	εἰμί	AUX	V--PI3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	6 εἶδον	conj	high	Copular clause coordinated with the preceding εἶδον clause.
22	οὐδὲν	οὐδείς	PRON	P--ONAS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Ind	24 σχῆμα	det	high	Negative quantifier modifying σχῆμα.
23	παρόντι	πάρειμι	VERB	V-PAPDMS	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	25 παρεχόμενος	obl	medium	Dative of the viewer/presence: ‘to one present’; agreement is masculine singular.
24	σχῆμα	σχῆμα	NOUN	N----ANS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	25 παρεχόμενος	obj	high
25	παρεχόμενος	παρέχω	VERB	V-PMPNMS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	21 ἐστιν	acl	medium	Participial modifier of the coordinated subject; form is masculine singular despite nearby feminine πέτρα.
26	γυναικὸς	γυνή	NOUN	N----GFS	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	24 σχῆμα	nmod	high	Genitive specifying the figure/form of a woman.
27	οὔτε	οὔτε	CCONJ	C--------	_	28 ἄλλως	cc	high
28	ἄλλως	ἄλλως	ADV	D--------	_	25 παρεχόμενος	advmod	high	‘Otherwise/in any other way’.
29	οὔτε	οὔτε	CCONJ	C--------	_	30 πενθούσης	cc	high
30	πενθούσης	πενθέω	VERB	V-PAPGFS	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	26 γυναικὸς	amod	medium	Genitive participle coordinated semantically with ἄλλως; understood with γυναικός.
31	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	21 ἐστιν	punct	high
32	εἰ	εἰ	SCONJ	C--------	_	36 γένοιο	mark	high
33	δέ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	39 δόξεις	cc	high
34	γε	γε	PART	X--------	_	36 γένοιο	discourse	high	Emphatic particle.
35	πορρωτέρω	πορρωτέρω	ADV	D--------	Degree=Cmp	36 γένοιο	advmod	high
36	γένοιο	γίγνομαι	VERB	V-2AO-D2S	Mood=Opt\|Number=Sing\|Person=2\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	39 δόξεις	advcl	high	Protasis: ‘if you were farther away’.
37	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	36 γένοιο	punct	high
38	δεδακρυμένην	δακρύω	VERB	V-RPP- AFA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Perf\|Voice=Pass	40 ὁρᾶν	xcomp	medium	Perfect passive participle, predicative with the understood feminine object of ὁρᾶν; printed xpos normalized conceptually.
39	δόξεις	δοκέω	VERB	V-FIA2S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=2\|Tense=Fut\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main apodosis; syntactically the sentence shifts to this conditional construction.
40	ὁρᾶν	ὁράω	VERB	V-PNA	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	39 δόξεις	xcomp	high
41	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	43 γυναῖκα	cc	high
42	κατηφῆ	κατηφής	ADJ	A----AFA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	43 γυναῖκα	amod	high
43	γυναῖκα	γυνή	NOUN	N----AFA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	40 ὁρᾶν	obj	high	Object of ὁρᾶν, coordinated conceptually with the predicative participle δεδακρυμένην.
44	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	39 δόξεις	punct	high

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