Grammar parses for passage 1.22.5
Open translation for this passage
ἀνήγετο μὲν γὰρ ἡ ναῦς μέλασιν ἱστίοις ἡ τοὺς παῖδας φέρουσα ἐς Κρήτην, Θησεὺς δὲ---ἔπλει γὰρ τόλμης τι ἔχων ἐς τὸν Μίνω καλούμενον ταῦρον---πρὸς τὸν πατέρα προεῖπε χρήσεσθαι τοῖς ἱστίοις λευκοῖς, ἢν ὀπίσω πλέῃ τοῦ ταύρου κρατήσας·
Coordination contrasts the ship’s departure with Theseus’s voyage; προεῖπε governs the future infinitive χρήσεσθαι, while ἢν introduces a conditional clause. Dashes are punctuation; ἡ before τοὺς παῖδας is the article introducing the participial ship description, with φέρουσα agreeing with ναῦς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀνήγετο | ἀνάγω | VERB | V-3I-IPM-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Middle | 20 ἔπλει | conj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X | _ | 1 ἀνήγετο | discourse | high | |
| 3 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | X | _ | 1 ἀνήγετο | discourse | high | |
| 4 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-----NSF- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 5 ναῦς | det | high | |
| 5 | ναῦς | ναῦς | NOUN | N-----NSF- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 1 ἀνήγετο | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | μέλασιν | μέλας | ADJ | A-----DPF- | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 7 ἱστίοις | amod | high | |
| 7 | ἱστίοις | ἱστίον | NOUN | N-----DPF- | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 1 ἀνήγετο | obl | high | Instrumental/means dative. |
| 8 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-----NSF- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 11 φέρουσα | det | high | Article with the participial modifier. |
| 9 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-----APM- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 10 παῖδας | det | high | |
| 10 | παῖδας | παῖς | NOUN | N-----APM- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 11 φέρουσα | obj | high | |
| 11 | φέρουσα | φέρω | VERB | V-PPP-NVF- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 5 ναῦς | acl | high | |
| 12 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 13 Κρήτην | case | high | |
| 13 | Κρήτην | Κρήτη | PROPN | Ne-----ASF- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 1 ἀνήγετο | obl | high | |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀνήγετο | punct | high | |
| 15 | Θησεὺς | Θησεύς | PROPN | Ne-----NSM- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 20 ἔπλει | nsubj | high | |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | X | _ | 20 ἔπλει | cc | high | |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἔπλει | punct | high | |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἔπλει | punct | high | |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἔπλει | punct | high | |
| 20 | ἔπλει | πλέω | VERB | V-3I-IAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 21 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | X | _ | 20 ἔπλει | discourse | high | |
| 22 | τόλμης | τόλμη | NOUN | N-----GSF- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 23 τι | nmod | medium | Partitive/possessive genitive with τι. |
| 23 | τι | τις | PRON | PX-SNN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular|PronType=Indefinite | 24 ἔχων | obj | medium | Accusative object of ἔχων; τάλημης is genitive dependent on τι. |
| 24 | ἔχων | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-NMS- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 20 ἔπλει | advcl | high | |
| 25 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 29 ταῦρον | case | high | |
| 26 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-----ASM- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 27 Μίνω | det | high | |
| 27 | Μίνω | Μίνως | PROPN | Ne-----ASM- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 29 ταῦρον | nmod | medium | Proper name in the phrase Μίνω καλούμενον ταῦρον; retained as accusative name form. |
| 28 | καλούμενον | καλέω | VERB | V-PPP-ASM- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|Voice=Middle | 29 ταῦρον | acl | high | |
| 29 | ταῦρον | ταῦρος | NOUN | N-----ASM- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 20 ἔπλει | obl | high | |
| 30 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἔπλει | punct | high | |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἔπλει | punct | high | |
| 32 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἔπλει | punct | high | |
| 33 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R | _ | 35 πατέρα | case | high | |
| 34 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-----ASM- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 35 πατέρα | det | high | |
| 35 | πατέρα | πατήρ | NOUN | N-----ASM- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 36 προεῖπε | obl | high | |
| 36 | προεῖπε | προαγορεύω | VERB | V-3I-AAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 20 ἔπλει | parataxis | high | Speech/reporting verb coordinated with the voyage narrative. |
| 37 | χρήσεσθαι | χράομαι | VERB | V-FM-INF | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Future|Voice=Middle | 36 προεῖπε | xcomp | high | |
| 38 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-----DPN- | Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 39 ἱστίοις | det | high | |
| 39 | ἱστίοις | ἱστίον | NOUN | N-----DPN- | Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 37 χρήσεσθαι | obl | high | Dative complement of χρήομαι. |
| 40 | λευκοῖς | λευκός | ADJ | A-----DPN- | Case=Dative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 39 ἱστίοις | amod | high | |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 36 προεῖπε | punct | high | |
| 42 | ἢν | ἐάν | SCONJ | C | _ | 44 πλέῃ | mark | high | Conditional conjunction with subjunctive. |
| 43 | ὀπίσω | ὀπίσω | ADV | D | _ | 44 πλέῃ | advmod | high | |
| 44 | πλέῃ | πλέω | VERB | V-3S-PSA-3S | Mood=Subjunctive|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 37 χρήσεσθαι | advcl | high | Protasis; subject is understood as the infinitive subject/Theseus. |
| 45 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-----GSM- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 46 ταύρου | det | high | |
| 46 | ταύρου | ταῦρος | NOUN | N-----GSM- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 47 κρατήσας | obl | high | Genitive with κρατέω, ‘having overcome/mastered’. |
| 47 | κρατήσας | κρατέω | VERB | V-AAP-NMS- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 44 πλέῃ | advcl | high | Aorist participle within the conditional protasis. |
| 48 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἔπλει | punct | high |
τούτων λήθην ἔσχεν Ἀριάδνην ἀφῃρημένος·
The participle ἀφῃρημένος is perfect middle/passive nominative masculine singular, agreeing with an elided masculine subject (likely the contextually understood subject); Ἀριάδνην is the accusative object of λήθην ἔσχεν, while τούτων is a genitive dependent on λήθην.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτων | οὗτος | DET | RD-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 2 λήθην | det | high | |
| 2 | λήθην | λήθη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἔσχεν | obj | high | Accusative object of ἔσχεν; Ἀριάδνην is a genitive-like objective complement in the idiom λήθην ἔχειν τινά, understood as forgetting someone. |
| 3 | ἔσχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V-3SIA | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | Ἀριάδνην | Ἀριάδνη | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 λήθην | obj | high | Accusative person-object governed semantically by λήθην ἔσχεν. |
| 5 | ἀφῃρημένος | ἀφαιρέω | VERB | V-PMPNS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|Voice=Pass | 3 ἔσχεν | acl | medium | Perfect middle/passive participle; nominative masculine singular implies an elided or contextually supplied subject. |
| 6 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἔσχεν | punct | high |
ἐνταῦθα Αἰγεὺς ὡς εἶδεν ἱστίοις μέλασι τὴν ναῦν κομιζομένην, οἷα τὸν παῖδα τεθνάναι δοκῶν, ἀφεὶς αὑτὸν διαφθείρεται·
A difficult construction: ὡς introduces the temporal clause; οἷα with the participle δοκῶν is causal/explanatory (‘as one supposing’), while τεθνάναι is an accusive-infinitive complement of δοκῶν. ἱστίοις μέλασι agrees in dative plural with the means/instrumental phrase; κομιζομένην modifies ναῦν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Dem | 19 διαφθείρεται | advmod | high | |
| 2 | Αἰγεὺς | Αἰγεύς | PROPN | Ne-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 εἶδεν | nsubj | high | |
| 3 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 εἶδεν | mark | high | Temporal ὡς-clause. |
| 4 | εἶδεν | ὁράω | VERB | V3SAAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 19 διαφθείρεται | advcl | high | |
| 5 | ἱστίοις | ἱστίον | NOUN | N3PDD--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 κομιζομένην | obl | medium | Instrumental/means dative. |
| 6 | μέλασι | μέλας | ADJ | A3PDD--- | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἱστίοις | amod | high | |
| 7 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S---AFS--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 ναῦν | det | high | |
| 8 | ναῦν | ναῦς | NOUN | N3FA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 κομιζομένην | obj | high | |
| 9 | κομιζομένην | κομίζω | VERB | V-PPM-ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 4 εἶδεν | xcomp | medium | Participial complement/predicate of εἶδεν with accusative subject/object understood as the ship. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 εἶδεν | punct | high | |
| 11 | οἷα | οἷος | ADJ | A----NA--- | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 δοκῶν | advmod | medium | Adverbial causal/explanatory neuter plural. |
| 12 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | S---ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 παῖδα | det | high | |
| 13 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | N3MSA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 τεθνάναι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 14 | τεθνάναι | θνῄσκω | VERB | V--RAN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 15 δοκῶν | ccomp | high | Accusative-infinitive complement of δοκῶν. |
| 15 | δοκῶν | δοκέω | VERB | V-PAPNSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 17 ἀφεὶς | advcl | high | Causal/explanatory participle; subject is Αἰγεύς. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 δοκῶν | punct | high | |
| 17 | ἀφεὶς | ἀφίημι | VERB | V-2AAPNSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 διαφθείρεται | advcl | high | Aorist participle, preceding the main action. |
| 18 | αὑτὸν | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P--3ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 17 ἀφεὶς | obj | high | |
| 19 | διαφθείρεται | διαφθείρω | VERB | V3SPI---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Middle-passive intransitive sense ‘is destroyed/perishes’. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 διαφθείρεται | punct | high |