Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 1.22.6

← 1.22.51.22.7 →

Passage 1.22.6

Open translation for this passage

5sentences parsed
78Greek tokens
3,603input tokens
6,109output tokens
Sentence 1

1.22.6 sentence 1

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1,473

ἔστι δὲ ἐν ἀριστερᾷ τῶν προπυλαίων οἴκημα ἔχον γραφάς·

Existential ἔστι introduces οἴκημα, with locative ἐν ἀριστερᾷ τῶν προπυλαίων; ἔχον is a agreeing participial adjunct to οἴκημα and γραφάς its object.

cop obl punct nmod cc case det acl obj root 1 ἔστι εἰμί / VERB 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 ἐν ἐν / ADP 4 ἀριστερᾷ ἀριστερός / NOUN 5 τῶν ὁ / DET 6 προπυλαίων πρόπυλον / NOUN 7 οἴκημα οἴκημα / NOUN 8 ἔχον ἔχω / VERB 9 γραφάς γραφή / NOUN 10 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἔστιεἰμίVERBV3SPAIMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act7 οἴκημαcophighExistential present; analyzed as copular/ existential predicate with οἴκημα as syntactic pivot.
2δὲδέCCONJCONJ_1 ἔστιcchighPostpositive connective.
3ἐνἐνADPPREP_4 ἀριστερᾷcasehighPreposition governing dative.
4ἀριστερᾷἀριστερόςNOUNA-SF3DCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing7 οἴκημαoblhighSubstantivized feminine adjective, 'left side'; object of ἐν.
5τῶνDETT-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur6 προπυλαίωνdethighArticle with προπυλαίων.
6προπυλαίωνπρόπυλονNOUNN-GPNCase=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur4 ἀριστερᾷnmodhighGenitive dependent on substantivized ἀριστερᾷ.
7οἴκημαοἴκημαNOUNN-SNNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing0 ROOTroothighSyntactic pivot of existential clause.
8ἔχονἔχωVERBV-PAPNSNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act7 οἴκημαaclhighPresent active participle agreeing with οἴκημα.
9γραφάςγραφήNOUNN-APFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur8 ἔχονobjhighDirect object of ἔχον.
10··PUNCT__7 οἴκημαpuncthighSentence-final punctuation.
Sentence 2

1.22.6 sentence 2

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29
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855
Output
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3,036

ὁπόσαις δὲ μὴ καθέστηκεν ὁ χρόνος αἴτιος ἀφανέσιν εἶναι, Διομήδης ἦν, ὁ μὲν ἐν Λήμνῳ τὸ Φιλοκτήτου τόξον, ὁ δὲ τὴν Ἀθηνᾶν ἀφαιρούμενος ἐξ Ἰλίου.

The opening relative clause is difficult: ὁπόσαις is taken as a dative plural feminine relative agreeing with an implicit category of statues/things, with καθέστηκεν used impersonally/perfectly in the sense ‘has made/established’; ὁ χρόνος is its nominative subject and αἴτιος a predicative complement. The main clause has a compressed identification, Διομήδης ἦν, followed by two appositional descriptions, with the objects τόξον and Ἀθηνᾶν understood as governed by the participles.

punct conj obl advcl punct det obj xcomp punct nsubj obl xcomp cc cc det obl advmod det nsubj xcomp nsubj punct discourse case nmod det obj case root 1 ὁπόσαις ὁπόσος / DET 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 μὴ μή / PART 4 καθέστηκεν καθίστημι / VERB 5 ὁ / DET 6 χρόνος χρόνος / NOUN 7 αἴτιος αἴτιος / ADJ 8 ἀφανέσιν ἀφανής / ADJ 9 εἶναι εἰμί / AUX 10 , , / PUNCT 11 Διομήδης Διομήδης / PROPN 12 ἦν εἰμί / AUX 13 , , / PUNCT 14 ὁ / DET 15 μὲν μέν / PART 16 ἐν ἐν / ADP 17 Λήμνῳ Λῆμνος / PROPN 18 τὸ ὁ / DET 19 Φιλοκτήτου Φιλοκτήτης / PROPN 20 τόξον τόξον / NOUN 21 , , / PUNCT 22 ὁ / DET 23 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 24 τὴν ὁ / DET 25 Ἀθηνᾶν Ἀθηνᾶ / PROPN 26 ἀφαιρούμενος ἀφαιρέω / VERB 27 ἐξ ἐκ / ADP 28 Ἰλίου Ἴλιον / PROPN 29 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ὁπόσαιςὁπόσοςDETA-DP-F-PCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel4 καθέστηκενobllowRelative determiner/pronoun; dative plural feminine, with an implicit antecedent/category.
2δὲδέCCONJCONJ_4 καθέστηκενcchigh
3μὴμήPARTPTCLPolarity=Neg4 καθέστηκενadvmodhighNegative particle with the verbal expression.
4καθέστηκενκαθίστημιVERBV-RIA3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act12 ἦνadvcllowPerfect active form; construed impersonally or with ὁ χρόνος as subject in the relative clause.
5DETT-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art6 χρόνοςdethigh
6χρόνοςχρόνοςNOUNN-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing7 αἴτιοςnsubjmediumTaken as the nominative subject of the relative-clause predication.
7αἴτιοςαἴτιοςADJA-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 καθέστηκενxcompmediumPredicative adjective linked to the temporal clause.
8ἀφανέσινἀφανήςADJA-DPMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur9 εἶναιxcompmediumDative predicative complement with εἶναι.
9εἶναιεἰμίAUXV-PNAMood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act4 καθέστηκενxcompmediumInfinitive completing the predicative construction; exact control is compressed.
10,,PUNCT__4 καθέστηκενpuncthigh
11ΔιομήδηςΔιομήδηςPROPNN-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing12 ἦνnsubjhighSubject of ἦν.
12ἦνεἰμίAUXV-IAI3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
13,,PUNCT__12 ἦνpuncthigh
14DETT-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art20 τόξονdetmediumArticle substantivizing or marking the first appositional participial phrase; syntactic relation is compressed.
15μὲνμένPARTPTCL_14 ὁdiscoursehighCorrelative particle balanced by δέ at token 23.
16ἐνἐνADPP_17 Λήμνῳcasehigh
17ΛήμνῳΛῆμνοςPROPNN-DSFCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing26 ἀφαιρούμενοςoblhighLocative complement of the participial phrase.
18τὸDETT-ASNCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art20 τόξονdethigh
19ΦιλοκτήτουΦιλοκτήτηςPROPNN-GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing20 τόξονnmodhighPossessive/associative genitive.
20τόξοντόξονNOUNN-ASNCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing26 ἀφαιρούμενοςobjhighObject understood with ἐν ...; the participle’s governing relation is elliptical/compressed.
21,,PUNCT__26 ἀφαιρούμενοςpuncthigh
22DETT-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art26 ἀφαιρούμενοςnsubjmediumArticle-pronoun introducing the second coordinated participial phrase, with Διομήδης understood.
23δὲδέCCONJCONJ_26 ἀφαιρούμενοςcchighCorrelative counterpart to μέν.
24τὴνDETT-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art25 Ἀθηνᾶνdethigh
25ἈθηνᾶνἈθηνᾶPROPNN-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing26 ἀφαιρούμενοςobjhigh
26ἀφαιρούμενοςἀφαιρέωVERBV-PMPNSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid12 ἦνconjhighSecond coordinated appositional participle, predicated of Διομήδης.
27ἐξἐκADPP_28 Ἰλίουcasehigh
28ἸλίουἼλιονPROPNN-GSNCase=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing26 ἀφαιρούμενοςoblhighSource complement of ἀφαιρούμενος.
29..PUNCT__12 ἦνpuncthigh
Sentence 3

1.22.6 sentence 3

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18
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765
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2,196

ἐνταῦθα ἐν ταῖς γραφαῖς Ὀρέστης ἐστὶν Αἴγισθον φονεύων καὶ Πυλάδης τοὺς παῖδας τοὺς Ναυπλίου βοηθοὺς ἐλθόντας Αἰγίσθῳ·

Copular clause with a coordinated subject: Ὀρέστης is depicted killing Αἴγισθος, while Πυλάδης is depicted with the accusative participial phrase τοὺς ... βοηθοὺς ἐλθόντας Αἰγίσθῳ; the participle is likely an accusative depictive/predicative complement, with Αἰγίσθῳ as its dative goal/beneficiary.

punct xcomp advmod conj nsubj case obl xcomp nmod det nsubj obj cc det det xcomp obl root 1 ἐνταῦθα ἐνταῦθα / ADV 2 ἐν ἐν / ADP 3 ταῖς ὁ / DET 4 γραφαῖς γραφή / NOUN 5 Ὀρέστης Ὀρέστης / PROPN 6 ἐστὶν εἰμί / AUX 7 Αἴγισθον Αἴγισθος / PROPN 8 φονεύων φονεύω / VERB 9 καὶ καί / CCONJ 10 Πυλάδης Πυλάδης / PROPN 11 τοὺς ὁ / DET 12 παῖδας παῖς / NOUN 13 τοὺς ὁ / DET 14 Ναυπλίου Ναύπλιος / PROPN 15 βοηθοὺς βοηθός / NOUN 16 ἐλθόντας ἔρχομαι / VERB 17 Αἰγίσθῳ Αἴγισθος / PROPN 18 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἐνταῦθαἐνταῦθαADVD-अDVPronType=Dem6 ἐστὶνadvmodhigh
2ἐνἐνADPP_4 γραφαῖςcasehigh
3ταῖςDETDAFPDCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art4 γραφαῖςdethigh
4γραφαῖςγραφήNOUNNFPDCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur6 ἐστὶνoblhigh
5ὈρέστηςὈρέστηςPROPNNPMSNCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 ἐστὶνnsubjhigh
6ἐστὶνεἰμίAUXV3SPIAMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
7ΑἴγισθονΑἴγισθοςPROPNNPMSACase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing8 φονεύωνobjhigh
8φονεύωνφονεύωVERBVSPPMSNCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act6 ἐστὶνxcomphighPresent active participle agreeing with Ὀρέστης.
9καὶκαίCCONJC_8 φονεύωνccmediumCoordinates the two depicted figures/participial descriptions.
10ΠυλάδηςΠυλάδηςPROPNNPMSNCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 ἐστὶνconjmediumCoordinated subject; coordination attachment is structurally ambiguous.
11τοὺςDETDAMPΑCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art12 παῖδαςdethigh
12παῖδαςπαῖςNOUNNMPACase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur15 βοηθοὺςnsubjmediumAccusative subject of the accusative participle ἐλθόντας.
13τοὺςDETDAMPΑCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art14 Ναυπλίουdethigh
14ΝαυπλίουΝαύπλιοςPROPNNPMS GCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing12 παῖδαςnmodhighGenitive of affiliation/possession: the children of Nauplius.
15βοηθοὺςβοηθόςNOUNNMPACase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur16 ἐλθόνταςxcompmediumPredicate accusative, ‘as helpers’; alternatively appositional to παῖδας.
16ἐλθόνταςἔρχομαιVERBVAPPMPACase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act10 ΠυλάδηςxcomplowAccusative aorist participle linked to Πυλάδης through an omitted/understood depiction verb; exact attachment is uncertain.
17ΑἰγίσθῳΑἴγισθοςPROPNNPMSDCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing16 ἐλθόνταςoblmediumDative complement of ἐλθόντας, likely recipient/ally or party assisted.
18··PUNCTU_6 ἐστὶνpuncthigh
Sentence 4

1.22.6 sentence 4

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10
Input
658
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1,472

τοῦ δὲ Ἀχιλλέως τάφου πλησίον μέλλουσά ἐστι σφάζεσθαι Πολυξένη.

Πολυξένη is the nominative subject; μέλλουσα ἐστὶ σφάζεσθαι is a periphrastic construction, with πλησίον governing the genitive τάφου. The adverbial πλησίον is analyzed as a preposition-like case-assigning modifier.

cc det nsubj punct xcomp nmod obl obl xcomp root 1 τοῦ ὁ / DET 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 Ἀχιλλέως Ἀχιλλεύς / PROPN 4 τάφου τάφος / NOUN 5 πλησίον πλησίον / ADP 6 μέλλουσά μέλλω / VERB 7 ἐστι εἰμί / AUX 8 σφάζεσθαι σφάζω / VERB 9 Πολυξένη Πολυξένη / PROPN 10 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1τοῦDETT----GSM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 τάφουdethigh
2δὲδέCCONJC--------_6 μέλλουσάcchighPostpositive connective.
3ἈχιλλέωςἈχιλλεύςPROPNN----GSM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 τάφουnmodhigh
4τάφουτάφοςNOUNN----GSM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 πλησίονoblhighGenitive complement of πλησίον.
5πλησίονπλησίονADPR--------_6 μέλλουσάoblmediumAdverbial/preposition-like form governing a genitive.
6μέλλουσάμέλλωVERBV-PPAPNS-Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act7 ἐστιxcomphighPart of the periphrastic construction μέλλουσα ἐστὶ σφάζεσθαι.
7ἐστιεἰμίAUXV-3SPAI-Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighFinite copular/auxiliary verb.
8σφάζεσθαισφάζωVERBV-PMN--S-Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid6 μέλλουσάxcomphighPresent middle infinitive, dependent on μέλλουσα.
9ΠολυξένηΠολυξένηPROPNN----NFS-Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing6 μέλλουσάnsubjhigh
10..PUNCT__7 ἐστιpuncthigh
Sentence 5

1.22.6 sentence 5

Tokens
11
Input
664
Output
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1,535

Ὁμήρῳ δὲ εὖ μὲν παρείθη τόδε τὸ ὠμὸν οὕτως ἔργον·

Impersonal passive παρείθη governs the accusative τόδε τὸ ὠμὸν ἔργον, with Ὁμήρῳ as a dative of reference/agent; εὖ … μέν is an adverbial concessive or discourse pairing, and δέ is postponed connective.

punct obj obl det cc advmod amod discourse det advmod root 1 Ὁμήρῳ Ὅμηρος / PROPN 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 εὖ εὖ / ADV 4 μὲν μέν / PART 5 παρείθη παρίημι / VERB 6 τόδε ὅδε / DET 7 τὸ ὁ / DET 8 ὠμὸν ὠμός / ADJ 9 οὕτως οὕτως / ADV 10 ἔργον ἔργον / NOUN 11 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ὉμήρῳὍμηροςPROPNN--DSMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 παρείθηoblhighDative of reference or personal agent with the passive verb.
2δὲδέCCONJCONJ_5 παρείθηcchighPostpositive connective.
3εὖεὖADVD--------Degree=Pos5 παρείθηadvmodhighAdverb modifying the verbal predication.
4μὲνμένPARTX--------_3 εὖdiscoursemediumCorrelative/discourse particle; paired counterpart may be outside this sentence.
5παρείθηπαρίημιVERBV3SAI----Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass0 ROOTrootmediumAorist passive, impersonal construction; exact lexical nuance is context-dependent.
6τόδεὅδεDETPD----NSN-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem10 ἔργονdethighDemonstrative determiner agreeing with ἔργον.
7τὸDETT----NSN-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art8 ὠμὸνdethighArticle within the coordinated/expanded accusative noun phrase.
8ὠμὸνὠμόςADJA--SAN----Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing10 ἔργονamodhighAccusative neuter adjective modifying ἔργον.
9οὕτωςοὕτωςADVD--------Degree=Pos10 ἔργονadvmodhighAdverb modifying the manner or characterization of the work.
10ἔργονἔργονNOUNN--SAN----Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing5 παρείθηobjhighAccusative object of the passive impersonal construction.
11··PUNCT__5 παρείθηpuncthighSentence punctuation.
← 1.22.51.22.7 →