Grammar parses for passage 1.23.10
Open translation for this passage
τὰ δὲ ἐς Ἑρμόλυκον τὸν παγκρατιαστὴν καὶ Φορμίωνα τὸν Ἀσωπίχου γραψάντων ἑτέρων παρίημι· ἐς δὲ Φορμίωνα τοσόνδε ἔχω πλέον γράψαι.
The first clause has τὰ δὲ as a substantivized object (‘the matters’), with ἑτέρων γραψάντων an attributive/genitive absolute-like participial phrase modifying the omitted/understood authors; in the second clause τοσόνδε πλέον is a measure-like object/complement of ἔχω with complementary infinitive γράψαι. The antecedent of ἔχω is first person singular.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-_---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 13 παρίημι | obj | high | Substantivizes the omitted noun πραγματα/ὑπόθεσις. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 παρίημι | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 4 Ἑρμόλυκον | case | high | Variant form ἐς of εἰς. |
| 4 | Ἑρμόλυκον | Ἑρμόλυκος | PROPN | Ne-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 παγκρατιαστὴν | nmod | high | First object of the preposition, coordinated with Φορμίωνα. |
| 5 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T----MAS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 παγκρατιαστὴν | det | high | |
| 6 | παγκρατιαστὴν | παγκρατιαστής | NOUN | Nb-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 παρίημι | obl | medium | Appositional identifier of Ἑρμόλυκον; the coordinated prepositional phrase is governed by the topic ‘matters concerning’. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 Φορμίωνα | cc | high | |
| 8 | Φορμίωνα | Φορμίων | PROPN | Ne-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 παρίημι | obl | medium | Second coordinated person in the topical ἐς phrase. |
| 9 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T----MAS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 Ἀσωπίχου | det | high | |
| 10 | Ἀσωπίχου | Ἀσωπίχος | PROPN | Ne-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 γραψάντων | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitival identifier within the relative description. |
| 11 | γραψάντων | γράφω | VERB | Vpaagm-p | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 παρίημι | advcl | medium | Genitive plural aorist participle, construed as an absolute or loosely attached genitive specifying other writers. |
| 12 | ἑτέρων | ἕτερος | ADJ | A-g---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 γραψάντων | nsubj | high | Subject of γραψάντων: ‘other [authors] having written’. |
| 13 | παρίημι | παρίημι | VERB | V1spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 παρίημι | punct | high | |
| 15 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 Φορμίωνα | case | high | Variant form ἐς of εἰς. |
| 16 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 ἔχω | cc | high | |
| 17 | Φορμίωνα | Φορμίων | PROPN | Ne-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἔχω | obl | high | Topic of the second clause: ‘as for Phormion’. |
| 18 | τοσόνδε | τοσόσδε | ADJ | A-s---na- | Case=Acc|Deixis=Prox|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 πλέον | amod | medium | Neuter measure expression; orthographic form is τοσόνδε. |
| 19 | ἔχω | ἔχω | VERB | V1spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 13 παρίημι | parataxis | high | Second coordinated/main clause. |
| 20 | πλέον | πλείων | ADJ | A-s---na- | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ἔχω | obj | medium | Comparative neuter used substantivally/adverbially: ‘more’; together with τοσόνδε, ‘this much more’. |
| 21 | γράψαι | γράφω | VERB | V--ana--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 19 ἔχω | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive after ἔχω. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἔχω | punct | high |
ἀναχωρήσας οὖν ἐς τὸν Παιανιέα δῆμον ἐνταῦθα εἶχε δίαιταν,
The aorist participle ἀναχωρήσας is a circumstantial anterior subject participle with εἶχε; ἐς τὸν Παιανιέα δῆμον is the goal/locative complement, and δίαιταν is the object of εἶχε in the idiom 'kept/lived a way of life.'
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀναχωρήσας | ἀναχωρέω | VERB | VAAP-SNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 8 εἶχε | advcl | high | Circumstantial anterior participle; subject is implicit masculine singular. |
| 2 | οὖν | οὖν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 8 εἶχε | discourse | high | Inferential connective. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 δῆμον | case | high | Variant form of εἰς governing the accusative. |
| 4 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | P-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 δῆμον | det | high | |
| 5 | Παιανιέα | Παιανιεύς | PROPN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 δῆμον | amod | medium | Deme name functioning attributively with δῆμον; accent/form are retained as supplied. |
| 6 | δῆμον | δῆμος | NOUN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 εἶχε | obl | high | Accusative complement of ἐς, expressing destination. |
| 7 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 8 εἶχε | advmod | high | Locative adverb, 'there'. |
| 8 | εἶχε | ἔχω | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | δίαιταν | δίαιτα | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 εἶχε | obj | high | Accusative object; idiomatic with εἶχε, 'maintained/lived a way of life.' |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 εἶχε | punct | high |
ἐς ὃ ναύαρχον αὐτὸν Ἀθηναίων αἱρουμένων ἐκπλεύσεσθαι οὐκ ἔφασκεν· ὀφείλειν τε γὰρ καί οἱ, πρὶν ἂν ἐκτίσῃ, πρὸς τοὺς στρατιώτας οὐκ εἶναι παρέχεσθαι φρόνημα.
Complex indirect discourse: ἐς ὃ introduces the point up to which he denied sailing; ναύαρχον ... αἱρουμένων is a genitive absolute with αὐτόν as its subject accusative in the infinitival complement. The second infinitival construction depends on ἔφασκεν, with οἱ dative possessor/interest and παρέχεσθαι complementary to εἶναι; the precise attachment of οὐκ and the infinitives is somewhat compressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 2 ὃ | case | high | |
| 2 | ὃ | ὅς | PRON | P---ANS-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 9 ἔφασκεν | obl | medium | Relative pronoun with ἐς, referring to a point/time. |
| 3 | ναύαρχον | ναύαρχος | NOUN | N----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἐκπλεύσεσθαι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 4 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P------ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 7 ἐκπλεύσεσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of ἐκπλεύσεσθαι. |
| 5 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 αἱρουμένων | nsubj | high | Genitive-absolute subject. |
| 6 | αἱρουμένων | αἱρέω | VERB | V3PPM-G-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 9 ἔφασκεν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute. |
| 7 | ἐκπλεύσεσθαι | ἐκπλέω | VERB | V--FNM--- | Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 9 ἔφασκεν | ccomp | high | Infinitive in indirect discourse, governed by ἔφασκεν. |
| 8 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D--------- | Polarity=Neg | 9 ἔφασκεν | advmod | high | |
| 9 | ἔφασκεν | φημί | VERB | V3SIAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔφασκεν | punct | high | |
| 11 | ὀφείλειν | ὀφείλω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 9 ἔφασκεν | ccomp | high | Second infinitival complement to ἔφασκεν. |
| 12 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 11 ὀφείλειν | cc | high | |
| 13 | γὰρ | γάρ | SCONJ | G--------- | _ | 11 ὀφείλειν | mark | high | Explanatory particle introducing the reason. |
| 14 | καί | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 15 οἱ | cc | medium | Adverbial/connective καί; attachment is uncertain. |
| 15 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P-----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 26 παρέχεσθαι | iobj | medium | Dative of interest/possessor with παρέχεσθαι. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 οἱ | punct | high | |
| 17 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | G--------- | _ | 19 ἐκτίσῃ | mark | high | |
| 18 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | X--------- | _ | 19 ἐκτίσῃ | advmod | high | Modal particle with subjunctive. |
| 19 | ἐκτίσῃ | ἐκτίνω | VERB | V3SASA--- | Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 26 παρέχεσθαι | advcl | high | Aorist subjunctive in πρὶν ἂν clause. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἐκτίσῃ | punct | high | |
| 21 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R--------- | AdpType=Prep | 23 στρατιώτας | case | high | |
| 22 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | L---APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 23 στρατιώτας | det | high | |
| 23 | στρατιώτας | στρατιώτης | NOUN | N----APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 παρέχεσθαι | obl | high | Object of πρός. |
| 24 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D--------- | Polarity=Neg | 26 παρέχεσθαι | advmod | medium | Negation in the infinitival predicate. |
| 25 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 11 ὀφείλειν | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement to ὀφείλειν. |
| 26 | παρέχεσθαι | παρέχω | VERB | V--PNM--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 25 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive, construed with εἶναι. |
| 27 | φρόνημα | φρόνημα | NOUN | N----ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 παρέχεσθαι | obj | high | Object of παρέχεσθαι. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔφασκεν | punct | high |
οὕτως Ἀθηναῖοι---πάντως γὰρ ἐβούλοντο ἄρχειν Φορμίωνα---τὰ χρέα ὁπόσοις ὤφειλε διαλύουσιν.
Main verb διαλύουσιν has postponed subject οὕτως Ἀθηναῖοι and object τὰ χρέα; ὁπόσοις is a relative dative referring to debtors, while πάντως γὰρ ἐβούλοντο ἄρχειν Φορμίωνα is an interpolated parenthetical explanation. The dash tokens are punctuation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὕτως | οὕτως | ADV | D___ | PronType=Dem | 18 διαλύουσιν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | NPMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 διαλύουσιν | nsubj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 διαλύουσιν | punct | high | Opening dash of parenthesis. |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 διαλύουσιν | punct | high | Opening dash of parenthesis. |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 διαλύουσιν | punct | high | Opening dash of parenthesis. |
| 6 | πάντως | πάντως | ADV | D___ | _ | 8 ἐβούλοντο | advmod | high | |
| 7 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | G___ | _ | 8 ἐβούλοντο | discourse | high | Parenthetical explanatory particle. |
| 8 | ἐβούλοντο | βούλομαι | VERB | V3IPI-P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Mid | 18 διαλύουσιν | parataxis | high | Parenthetical finite verb; subject is implicit Ἀθηναῖοι. |
| 9 | ἄρχειν | ἄρχω | VERB | V-PNA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 ἐβούλοντο | xcomp | high | |
| 10 | Φορμίωνα | Φορμίων | PROPN | NPMAS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἄρχειν | obj | high | Accusative object of ἄρχειν. |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 διαλύουσιν | punct | high | Closing dash of parenthesis. |
| 12 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 διαλύουσιν | punct | high | Closing dash of parenthesis. |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 διαλύουσιν | punct | high | Closing dash of parenthesis. |
| 14 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 χρέα | det | high | |
| 15 | χρέα | χρέος | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 διαλύουσιν | obj | high | |
| 16 | ὁπόσοις | ὁπόσος | PRON | R-PDM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 17 ὤφειλε | iobj | low | Relative dative, understood with ὤφειλε as the persons to whom he owed; agreement is difficult/elliptical. |
| 17 | ὤφειλε | ὀφείλω | VERB | V3SIAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 16 ὁπόσοις | acl:relcl | medium | Relative-clause verb; singular subject is implicit and contextually unresolved. |
| 18 | διαλύουσιν | διαλύω | VERB | V3PMSI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate, agreeing with Ἀθηναῖοι. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 διαλύουσιν | punct | high |