Grammar parses for passage 1.24.3
Open translation for this passage
λέλεκται δέ μοι καὶ πρότερον ὡς Ἀθηναίοις περισσότερόν τι ἢ τοῖς ἄλλοις ἐς τὰ θεῖά ἐστι σπουδῆς·
Impersonal λέλεκται governs the dative μοι and an ὡς-clause; within it, σπουδῆς is a genitive of value/quality with ἐστι, and περισσότερον τι ἢ τοῖς ἄλλοις expresses comparative excess for Athenians.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | λέλεκται | λέγω | VERB | V-RMP-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Perfect|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal perfect middle/passive form, ‘it has been said’; μοι is the dative speaker. |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 λέλεκται | cc | high | |
| 3 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1DS | Case=Dat|Number=Singular|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 1 λέλεκται | iobj | high | Dative of the person to whom something is said. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 πρότερον | advmod | high | Adverbial ‘also/even’, modifying πρότερον. |
| 5 | πρότερον | πρότερος | ADV | A-SAN | Degree=Cmp | 1 λέλεκται | advmod | high | Adverbial comparative, ‘formerly/before’. |
| 6 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 λέλεκται | mark | high | Introduces the content clause. |
| 7 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 16 ἐστι | obl | medium | Dative with ἐστι, marking the persons for whom the quality holds. |
| 8 | περισσότερόν | περισσότερος | ADV | A-SAN | Degree=Cmp | 16 ἐστι | advmod | high | Comparative adverb, ‘more/excessively’. |
| 9 | τι | τις | PART | X | _ | 8 περισσότερόν | advmod:emph | medium | Indefinite enclitic used adverbially, intensifying the comparison. |
| 10 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 περισσότερόν | cc | high | Introduces the standard of comparison. |
| 11 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 12 ἄλλοις | det | high | |
| 12 | ἄλλοις | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plural | 8 περισσότερόν | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘the others’, standard after ἤ. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 15 θεῖά | case | high | Preposition governing τὰ θεῖα. |
| 14 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plural | 15 θεῖά | det | high | |
| 15 | θεῖά | θεῖος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plural | 16 ἐστι | obl | high | Substantivized neuter plural, ‘divine matters’; object of ἐς. |
| 16 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 ὡς | ccomp | high | Copular/ existential verb of the ὡς-clause; σπουδῆς is a genitive complement. |
| 17 | σπουδῆς | σπουδή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Singular | 16 ἐστι | nmod | medium | Genitive of quality or value, ‘zeal/interest’; exact construction is somewhat elliptical. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 λέλεκται | punct | high |
ὅστις δὲ τὰ σὺν τέχνῃ πεποιημένα ἐπίπροσθε τίθεται τῶν ἐς ἀρχαιότητα ἡκόντων, καὶ τάδε ἔστιν οἱ θεάσασθαι.
Relative clause: ὅστις is the subject of τίθεται, with τὰ πεποιημένα as its object and τῶν ἡκόντων as a genitive partitive/comparative complement; ἔστιν is existential/presentational, with τάδε as subject and οἱ θεάσασθαι as a dative of interest plus articular infinitive. The form ἐπίπροσθε is adverbial, meaning ‘in preference/above’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὅστις | ὅστις | PRON | -ος, -η, -ο | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 8 τίθεται | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 τίθεται | cc | high | |
| 3 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 πεποιημένα | det | high | Substantivizing article with πεποιημένα. |
| 4 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 τέχνῃ | case | high | |
| 5 | τέχνῃ | τέχνη | NOUN | -η, ἡ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 πεποιημένα | obl | high | |
| 6 | πεποιημένα | ποιέω | VERB | X--MPN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 8 τίθεται | obj | high | Articular perfect passive participle, substantivized: ‘things made’. |
| 7 | ἐπίπροσθε | ἐπίπροσθε | ADV | ADV | _ | 8 τίθεται | advmod | medium | Adverbial comparative/preferential expression; exact lexical segmentation is uncertain. |
| 8 | τίθεται | τίθημι | VERB | V3SPI pres mid ind 3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Middle voice with preference/comparison construction. |
| 9 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 ἡκόντων | det | high | Article substantivizing ἡκόντων. |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 ἀρχαιότητα | case | high | |
| 11 | ἀρχαιότητα | ἀρχαιότης | NOUN | -της, -ητος, ἡ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἡκόντων | obl | high | |
| 12 | ἡκόντων | ἥκω | VERB | V-PAP-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 πεποιημένα | nmod | high | Genitive substantival participle, dependent on the comparison involving πεποιημένα. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 τίθεται | punct | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 ἔστιν | cc | high | |
| 15 | τάδε | ὅδε | PRON | D-APN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 16 ἔστιν | nsubj | high | Demonstrative subject of existential ἔστιν. |
| 16 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPI pres act ind 3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 τίθεται | conj | high | Existential/presentational clause coordinated with the preceding assertion. |
| 17 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 18 θεάσασθαι | iobj | medium | Article with omitted/substantivized dative plural noun, ‘for those’. |
| 18 | θεάσασθαι | θεάομαι | VERB | V--AMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 16 ἔστιν | xcomp | high | Articular infinitive; οἱ is interpreted as dative of interest, with an omitted article/noun understood. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 τίθεται | punct | high |
ἐνταῦθα καὶ Τιμόθεος ὁ Κόνωνος καὶ αὐτὸς κεῖται Κόνων·
The sentence coordinates two subjects, Τιμόθεος and Κόνων, with ὁ Κόνωνος as a genitival patronymic/appositional identifier for Τιμόθεος; αὐτός emphasizes the second subject Κόνων. κεῖται is the finite root verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D | PronType=Dem | 8 κεῖται | advmod | high | |
| 2 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 3 Τιμόθεος | cc | high | Coordinates Τιμόθεος with the following subject Κόνων. |
| 3 | Τιμόθεος | Τιμόθεος | PROPN | NPMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 κεῖται | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA--NM-S- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 Κόνωνος | det | high | |
| 5 | Κόνωνος | Κόνων | PROPN | NP--GM-S- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 Τιμόθεος | appos | medium | Genitive patronymic/name identifier, literally ‘of Conon’; syntactically linked to Τιμόθεος. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 9 Κόνων | cc | high | |
| 7 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | P--NM-S- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 9 Κόνων | nsubj | medium | Intensive pronoun, ‘Conon himself’; Reflex feature is uncertain in this emphatic use. |
| 8 | κεῖται | κεῖμαι | VERB | V3SPIA-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Deponent/intransitive verb ‘lies’; plural coordination is semantically understood despite singular form. |
| 9 | Κόνων | Κόνων | PROPN | NP--NM-S- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 κεῖται | nsubj | high | Second coordinated subject, with καὶ αὐτός. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 κεῖται | punct | high |
Πρόκνην δὲ τὰ ἐς τὸν παῖδα βεβουλευμένην αὐτήν τε καὶ τὸν Ἴτυν ἀνέθηκεν Ἀλκαμένης.
The participle βεβουλευμένην agrees with Πρόκνην and governs the accusative object τὸν παῖδα; αὐτήν τε καὶ τὸν Ἴτυν are coordinated accusative objects of ἀνέθηκεν. Ἀλκαμένης is the nominative agent/subject despite its genitive-looking form.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Πρόκνην | Πρόκνη | PROPN | Neuter? | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἀνέθηκεν | obj | high | Accusative proper-name object of ἀνέθηκεν; also modified by the participle. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 ἀνέθηκεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 βεβουλευμένην | obj | medium | Substantivized neuter plural accusative, ‘the matters/things’; object of βεβουλευμένην. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 παῖδα | case | high | |
| 5 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 παῖδα | det | high | |
| 6 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 τὰ | nmod | medium | Object of the preposition ἐς; τὰ ἐς τὸν παῖδα is an idiomatic phrase meaning matters concerning the child. |
| 7 | βεβουλευμένην | βουλεύω | VERB | V-RMP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 1 Πρόκνην | acl | high | Perfect middle participle agreeing with Πρόκνην. |
| 8 | αὐτήν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 13 ἀνέθηκεν | obj | high | Coordinated with τὸν Ἴτυν as accusative objects of ἀνέθηκεν. |
| 9 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 αὐτήν | cc | high | |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 Ἴτυν | cc | high | |
| 11 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Ἴτυν | det | high | |
| 12 | Ἴτυν | Ἴτυς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 αὐτήν | conj | high | Second coordinated accusative object; τὸν Ἴτυν is linked with αὐτήν through τε καὶ. |
| 13 | ἀνέθηκεν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 14 | Ἀλκαμένης | Ἀλκαμένης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἀνέθηκεν | nsubj | medium | Form is syncretic/irregular-looking; interpreted here as nominative masculine singular subject/name. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 13 ἀνέθηκεν | punct | high |
πεποίηται δὲ καὶ τὸ φυτὸν τῆς ἐλαίας Ἀθηνᾶ καὶ κῦμα ἀναφαίνων Ποσειδῶν·
The sentence has an implied subject/result predicate for πεποίηται: Athena is understood as having made the olive plant, while Poseidon is the agent of ἀναφαίνων governing κῦμα; the coordination and participial attachment are somewhat compressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | V-RMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Perfect middle/passive indicative, 3sg; likely impersonal/passive or middle with contextual subject omitted. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 πεποίηται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 πεποίηται | cc | high | Coordinates the following nominal construction with the preceding predicate context. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 φυτὸν | det | high | |
| 5 | φυτὸν | φυυτόν | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 πεποίηται | nsubj:pass | medium | Nominal subject of the passive/middle predicate; lemma may also be normalized as φύω-derived φυτóν. |
| 6 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐλαίας | det | high | |
| 7 | ἐλαίας | ἐλαία | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 φυτὸν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on φυτὸν. |
| 8 | Ἀθηνᾶ | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 φυτὸν | nsubj | medium | Nominal agent/subject associated with the understood active sense of πεποίηται; exact attachment is compressed. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 κῦμα | cc | high | Coordinates κῦμα with φυτὸν. |
| 10 | κῦμα | κῦμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἀναφαίνων | obj | medium | Accusative form is syncretic with nominative; interpreted as object of ἀναφαίνων. |
| 11 | ἀναφαίνων | ἀναφαίνω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 Ποσειδῶν | acl | medium | Present active participle agreeing with Ποσειδῶν; semantically ‘making a wave appear/showing a wave’. |
| 12 | Ποσειδῶν | Ποσειδῶν | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 πεποίηται | nsubj | medium | Subject of the participial clause; coordinated semantic counterpart to Ἀθηνᾶ. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 πεποίηται | punct | high |