Grammar parses for passage 1.24.6
Open translation for this passage
τούτους τοὺς γρῦπας ἐν τοῖς ἔπεσιν Ἀριστέας ὁ Προκοννήσιος μάχεσθαι περὶ τοῦ χρυσοῦ φησιν Ἀριμασποῖς τοῖς ὑπὲρ Ἰσσηδόνων·
φησιν takes an accusative-and-infinitive construction: Ἀριστέας is the subject of φησιν, while γρῦπας is the accusative subject of μάχεσθαι; τοῖς ὑπὲρ Ἰσσηδόνων is an elliptical appositional description of the Arimaspians.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτους | οὗτος | PRON | PD-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 γρῦπας | det | high | Demonstrative determiner modifying γρῦπας. |
| 2 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | DA-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 γρῦπας | det | high | |
| 3 | γρῦπας | γρύψ | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 μάχεσθαι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive μάχεσθαι, raised as object of φησιν. |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 6 ἔπεσιν | case | high | |
| 5 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | DA-PNN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἔπεσιν | det | high | |
| 6 | ἔπεσιν | ἔπος | NOUN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 φησιν | obl | high | Phrase ἐν τοῖς ἔπεσιν: in his verses. |
| 7 | Ἀριστέας | Ἀριστέας | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 φησιν | nsubj | high | Subject of φησιν. |
| 8 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | DA-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Προκοννήσιος | det | high | |
| 9 | Προκοννήσιος | Προκοννήσιος | PROPN | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ἀριστέας | appos | high | Ethnic/name apposition to Ἀριστέας. |
| 10 | μάχεσθαι | μάχομαι | VERB | V-PNM | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 14 φησιν | ccomp | high | Infinitival complement of φησιν. |
| 11 | περὶ | περί | ADP | P | _ | 13 χρυσοῦ | case | high | |
| 12 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | DA-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 χρυσοῦ | det | high | |
| 13 | χρυσοῦ | χρυσός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 μάχεσθαι | obl | high | Object of περί within μάχεσθαι. |
| 14 | φησιν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 15 | Ἀριμασποῖς | Ἀριμασπός | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 μάχεσθαι | obl | high | Dative opponent/participant complement with μάχεσθαι. |
| 16 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | DA-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 Ἰσσηδόνων | det | high | |
| 17 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | P | _ | 18 Ἰσσηδόνων | case | high | |
| 18 | Ἰσσηδόνων | Ἰσσηδόνες | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 Ἀριμασποῖς | nmod | high | τοῖς ὑπὲρ Ἰσσηδόνων: those beyond the Issedones; article agrees with implied/elliptical noun modifying Ἀριμασποῖς. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 φησιν | punct | high |
τὸν δὲ χρυσόν, ὃν φυλάσσουσιν οἱ γρῦπες, ἀνιέναι τὴν γῆν·
The infinitive ἀνιέναι is syntactically elliptical/semantically difficult; χρυσόν is treated as its object, while τὴν γῆν is retained as a second accusative associated with the verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 χρυσόν | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 3 χρυσόν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | χρυσόν | χρυσός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀνιέναι | obj | medium | Object of the infinitive ἀνιέναι; discourse placement is marked by δέ. |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 χρυσόν | punct | high | |
| 5 | ὃν | ὅς | PRON | P-ASΜ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 φυλάσσουσιν | obj | high | Relative pronoun referring to χρυσόν. |
| 6 | φυλάσσουσιν | φυλάσσω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 γρῦπες | acl:relcl | high | |
| 7 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 γρῦπες | det | high | |
| 8 | γρῦπες | γρύψ | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 φυλάσσουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 χρυσόν | punct | high | |
| 10 | ἀνιέναι | ἀνίημι | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Articular/asyndetic infinitival construction; understood subject is context-dependent. |
| 11 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 γῆν | det | high | |
| 12 | γῆν | γῆ | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἀνιέναι | obj | medium | Second accusative with ἀνιέναι; exact semantic construction is difficult. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἀνιέναι | punct | high |
εἶναι δὲ Ἀριμασποὺς μὲν ἄνδρας μονοφθάλμους πάντας ἐκ γενετῆς, γρῦπας δὲ θηρία λέουσιν εἰκασμένα, πτερὰ δὲ ἔχειν καὶ στόμα ἀετοῦ.
Indirect statement dependent on an understood λέγουσι/φασί: εἶναι introduces coordinated accusative subjects/predicatives, with the final πτερὰ ... ἔχειν coordinated to the preceding infinitival descriptions. The form Ἀριμασπούς is treated as an accusative plural ethnic name agreeing appositionally with ἄνδρας; γρῦπας is accusative plural as the subject of λέουσιν εἰκασμένα (with an understood εἶναι).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PNA | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Infinitive introducing the reported description; governing coordinated accusative subjects/predicates. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 εἶναι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἀριμασποὺς | Ἀριμασπός | PROPN | Nρα------ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἄνδρας | appos | medium | Ethnic proper name, accusative plural; appositional to ἄνδρας. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | D-------- | _ | 5 ἄνδρας | discourse | high | First member of μέν ... δέ contrast. |
| 5 | ἄνδρας | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-APM---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of εἶναι. |
| 6 | μονοφθάλμους | μονόφθαλμος | ADJ | A-APM---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἄνδρας | amod | high | Adjective modifying ἄνδρας. |
| 7 | πάντας | πᾶς | ADJ | A-APM---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἄνδρας | amod | high | Adjective modifying ἄνδρας; distributive sense. |
| 8 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 γενετῆς | case | high | Preposition governing γενετῆς. |
| 9 | γενετῆς | γενετή | NOUN | N-GSF---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 μονοφθάλμους | obl | high | Prepositional ablatival phrase modifying μονοφθάλμους/ἄνδρας. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 εἶναι | punct | high | |
| 11 | γρῦπας | γρύψ | NOUN | N-APM---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 εἶναι | nsubj | medium | Second accusative subject in the reported construction; coordinated semantically with ἄνδρας. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 γρῦπας | cc | high | Second member of μέν ... δέ contrast. |
| 13 | θηρία | θηρίον | NOUN | N-APN---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 εἰκασμένα | obj | medium | Accusative object of εἰκασμένα, ‘likened to beasts’; the construction is elliptic. |
| 14 | λέουσιν | λέων | NOUN | N-DPM---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 εἰκασμένα | obl | high | Dative plural of comparison/reference with εἰκασμένα, ‘likened to lions’. |
| 15 | εἰκασμένα | εἰκάζω | VERB | V-RAPNP---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 13 θηρία | acl | medium | Perfect passive participle; agreement with neuter θηρία, with the larger phrase predicated of γρῦπας by ellipsis. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 εἶναι | punct | high | |
| 17 | πτερὰ | πτερόν | NOUN | N-APN---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 ἔχειν | obj | high | Accusative object of ἔχειν. |
| 18 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 ἔχειν | cc | high | Connective introducing the final coordinated infinitive. |
| 19 | ἔχειν | ἔχω | VERB | V-PNA | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 εἶναι | conj | high | Infinitive coordinated with εἶναι; shares the reported accusative subject γρῦπας/understood subjects. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 στόμα | cc | high | Coordinates στόμα with πτερὰ. |
| 21 | στόμα | στόμα | NOUN | N-ASN---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ἔχειν | obj | high | Accusative object of ἔχειν. |
| 22 | ἀετοῦ | ἀετός | NOUN | N-GSM---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 στόμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on στόμα, ‘mouth of an eagle’. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 εἶναι | punct | high |
καὶ γρυπῶν μὲν πέρι τοσαῦτα εἰρήσθω·
Formulaic closing: ‘and concerning the gryphons, let this much have been said’; πέρι is postpositive and takes the genitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 εἰρήσθω | cc | high | |
| 2 | γρυπῶν | γρύψ | NOUN | N-GEN-PL | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 πέρι | case | medium | Genitive governed by πέρι; γρύψ, γρυπός. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 6 εἰρήσθω | discourse | high | Correlative particle; no overt δέ in this clause. |
| 4 | πέρι | πέρι | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 6 εἰρήσθω | obl | high | Postpositive preposition governing the genitive γρυπῶν. |
| 5 | τοσαῦτα | τοσοῦτος | ADJ | A-N-ACC-PL | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 εἰρήσθω | obj | medium | Substantivized neuter accusative plural, ‘so much’; possible content/topic-like object of εἰρήσθω. |
| 6 | εἰρήσθω | ἐρῶ | VERB | V-PERF-MP-IMPV-3SG | Mood=Imp|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Third-singular perfect passive imperative, formulaic impersonal ‘let it have been said’. |
| 7 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 εἰρήσθω | punct | high |