Grammar parses for passage 1.24.8
Open translation for this passage
τοῦ ναοῦ δέ ἐστι πέραν Ἀπόλλων χαλκοῦς, καὶ τὸ ἄγαλμα λέγουσι Φειδίαν ποιῆσαι·
The sentence has a locative/genitive construction: πέραν governs the genitive ναοῦ, with Ἀπόλλων χαλκοῦς as the subject of an existential ἐστι. In the reported-speech clause, λέγουσι takes an accusative-and-infinitive construction (Φειδίαν ποιῆσαι), with τὸ ἄγαλμα as the accusative subject of ποιῆσαι; the accusative is semantically the statue, understood as the object made by Pheidias, so the syntax is somewhat compressed/elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-DSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 ναοῦ | det | high | |
| 2 | ναοῦ | ναός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 πέραν | obl | high | Genitive complement of πέραν. |
| 3 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 4 ἐστι | cc | high | |
| 4 | ἐστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular verb. |
| 5 | πέραν | πέραν | ADV | D | _ | 4 ἐστι | advmod | medium | Adverbial locative expression governing the following genitive. |
| 6 | Ἀπόλλων | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστι | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | χαλκοῦς | χαλκοῦς | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 Ἀπόλλων | amod | high | Predicative adjective agreeing with Ἀπόλλων. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστι | punct | high | |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 12 λέγουσι | cc | high | Coordinates the reported-speech clause. |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ἄγαλμα | det | high | |
| 11 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ποιῆσαι | obj | low | Accusative in the infinitival/report construction; syntactic role is compressed or elliptical, likely the statue as the object/result of making. |
| 12 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 ἐστι | conj | high | Introduces an accusative-and-infinitive report. |
| 13 | Φειδίαν | Φειδίας | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ποιῆσαι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive ποιῆσαι. |
| 14 | ποιῆσαι | ποιέω | VERB | V-AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 12 λέγουσι | ccomp | high | Aorist active infinitive dependent on λέγουσι. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστι | punct | high |
Παρνόπιον δὲ καλοῦσιν, ὅτι σφίσι παρνόπων βλαπτόντων τὴν γῆν ἀποτρέψειν ὁ θεὸς εἶπεν ἐκ τῆς χώρας.
The relative clause is causal (ὅτι): σφίσι is a dative of reference/interest, παρνόπων βλαπτόντων is a genitive absolute, and ἀποτρέψειν is an infinitive in reported speech governed by εἶπεν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Παρνόπιον | Παρνόπιος | PROPN | A-S---NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 καλοῦσιν | obj | medium | Divine epithet used substantivally as the object of καλοῦσιν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 καλοῦσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | καλοῦσιν | καλέω | VERB | V-PIA-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 καλοῦσιν | punct | high | |
| 5 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 εἶπεν | mark | high | Causal conjunction introducing the explanation. |
| 6 | σφίσι | σφεῖς | PRON | P---3P-D-- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 8 βλαπτόντων | obl | medium | Dative of reference/interest with the genitive absolute. |
| 7 | παρνόπων | πάρνοψ | NOUN | N-GP---M- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 βλαπτόντων | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 8 | βλαπτόντων | βλάπτω | VERB | V-PPA-GP- | Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 ἀποτρέψειν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle; its genitive subject is παρνόπων. |
| 9 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-A-S---F- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 γῆν | det | high | |
| 10 | γῆν | γῆ | NOUN | N-A-S---F- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 βλαπτόντων | obj | high | Object of βλαπτόντων. |
| 11 | ἀποτρέψειν | ἀποτρέπω | VERB | V-FAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 14 εἶπεν | ccomp | high | Infinitive of reported content dependent on εἶπεν. |
| 12 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-N-S---M- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 θεὸς | det | high | |
| 13 | θεὸς | θεός | NOUN | N-N-S---M- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 εἶπεν | nsubj | high | |
| 14 | εἶπεν | λέγω | VERB | V-IAA-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 3 καλοῦσιν | ccomp | high | Aorist form of λέγω; governs the reported infinitive. |
| 15 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 ἀποτρέψειν | obl | high | |
| 16 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-G-S---F- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 χώρας | det | high | |
| 17 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | N-G-S---F- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἐκ | obl | high | Object of the preposition ἐκ. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 καλοῦσιν | punct | high |
τρὶς δὲ αὐτὸς ἤδη πάρνοπας ἐκ Σιπύλου τοῦ ὄρους οὐ κατὰ ταὐτὰ οἶδα φθαρέντας, ἀλλὰ τοὺς μὲν ἐξέωσε βίαιος ἐμπεσὼν ἄνεμος, τοὺς δὲ ὕσαντος τοῦ θεοῦ καῦμα ἰσχυρὸν καθεῖλεν ἐπιλαβόν, οἱ δὲ αἰφνιδίῳ ῥίγει καταληφθέντες ἀπώλοντο.
The sentence has οἶδα with an accusative participial complement, followed by three coordinated causal accounts of the locusts' destruction; καθεῖλεν has a somewhat difficult participial attachment in ἐπιλαβόν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τρὶς | τρίς | ADV | Adverb | _ | 13 οἶδα | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 οἶδα | cc | high | |
| 3 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | A-NOM-SG-M | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 οἶδα | nsubj | medium | Emphatic subject, probably the narrator. |
| 4 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | Adverb | _ | 13 οἶδα | advmod | high | |
| 5 | πάρνοπας | πάρνοψ | NOUN | N-ACC-PL-M | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 φθαρέντας | obj | high | Locusts/grasshoppers. |
| 6 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 Σιπύλου | case | high | |
| 7 | Σιπύλου | Σίπυλος | PROPN | N-GEN-SG-M | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ὄρους | nmod | high | |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GEN-SG-M | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ὄρους | det | high | |
| 9 | ὄρους | ὄρος | NOUN | N-GEN-SG-N | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 πάρνοπας | nmod | high | |
| 10 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 13 οἶδα | advmod | high | |
| 11 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 ταὐτὰ | case | high | |
| 12 | ταὐτὰ | ὁ αὐτός | PRON | A-ACC-PL-N | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 οἶδα | obl | medium | Elliptical idiom κατὰ ταὐτά, 'in the same ways'. |
| 13 | οἶδα | οἶδα | VERB | V-RAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 14 | φθαρέντας | φθείρω | VERB | V-APP-ACC-PL-M | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 13 οἶδα | ccomp | medium | Accusative participle in the construction with οἶδα. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 οἶδα | punct | high | |
| 16 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 ἐξέωσε | cc | high | |
| 17 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-ACC-PL-M | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 ἐξέωσε | obj | high | Article substantivizes the first coordinated group. |
| 18 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 19 ἐξέωσε | discourse | high | |
| 19 | ἐξέωσε | ἐξελαύνω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 13 οἶδα | parataxis | high | |
| 20 | βίαιος | βίαιος | ADJ | A-NOM-SG-M | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἄνεμος | amod | high | Predicative adjective modifying ἄνεμος. |
| 21 | ἐμπεσὼν | ἐμπίπτω | VERB | V-AAP-NOM-SG-M | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 22 ἄνεμος | acl | high | |
| 22 | ἄνεμος | ἄνεμος | NOUN | N-NOM-SG-M | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἐξέωσε | nsubj | high | |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 ἐξέωσε | punct | high | |
| 24 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-ACC-PL-M | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 31 καθεῖλεν | obj | high | Article substantivizes the second coordinated group. |
| 25 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 31 καθεῖλεν | cc | high | |
| 26 | ὕσαντος | ὕω | VERB | V-AAP-GEN-SG-M | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 31 καθεῖλεν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with τοῦ θεοῦ. |
| 27 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GEN-SG-M | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 28 θεοῦ | det | high | |
| 28 | θεοῦ | θεός | NOUN | N-GEN-SG-M | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 ὕσαντος | nsubj | high | |
| 29 | καῦμα | καῦμα | NOUN | N-NOM-ACC-SG-N | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 31 καθεῖλεν | nsubj | medium | Neuter noun, likely subject of καθεῖλεν. |
| 30 | ἰσχυρὸν | ἰσχυρός | ADJ | A-NOM-ACC-SG-N | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 29 καῦμα | amod | high | |
| 31 | καθεῖλεν | καθαιρέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 19 ἐξέωσε | conj | high | |
| 32 | ἐπιλαβόν | ἐπιλαμβάνω | VERB | V-AAP-NOM-ACC-SG-N | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 29 καῦμα | acl | medium | Neuter nominative participle agreeing with καῦμα; attachment and precise sense are somewhat uncertain. |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 καθεῖλεν | punct | high | |
| 34 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | T-NOM-PL-M | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 39 ἀπώλοντο | nsubj | high | Substantive article, 'they'. |
| 35 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 39 ἀπώλοντο | cc | high | |
| 36 | αἰφνιδίῳ | αἰφνίδιος | ADJ | A-DAT-SG-N | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 37 ῥίγει | amod | high | |
| 37 | ῥίγει | ῥῖγος | NOUN | N-DAT-SG-N | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 39 ἀπώλοντο | obl | high | Dative of cause or means. |
| 38 | καταληφθέντες | καταλαμβάνω | VERB | V-APP-NOM-PL-M | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 39 ἀπώλοντο | advcl | high | |
| 39 | ἀπώλοντο | ἀπόλλυμι | VERB | V-AMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 31 καθεῖλεν | conj | high | Final coordinated clause. |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 οἶδα | punct | high |