Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 1.24.8

Grammar › Book 1 › Chapter 1.24 › 1.24.8
← 1.24.71.25.1 →

Passage 1.24.8

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed
70Greek tokens
2,397input tokens
5,189output tokens
Sentence 2

1.24.8 sentence 2

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Παρνόπιον δὲ καλοῦσιν, ὅτι σφίσι παρνόπων βλαπτόντων τὴν γῆν ἀποτρέψειν ὁ θεὸς εἶπεν ἐκ τῆς χώρας.

The main difficulty is the genitive participial phrase παρνόπων βλαπτόντων τὴν γῆν, which is treated as a genitive absolute-like adjunct, though the exact internal relations are somewhat uncertain.

ccomp punct mark obl punct advcl xcomp obl obj obj case cc nsubj det det nsubj det root 1 Παρνόπιον Παρνόπιος / PROPN 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 καλοῦσιν καλέω / VERB 4 , , / PUNCT 5 ὅτι ὅτι / SCONJ 6 σφίσι σφεῖς / PRON 7 παρνόπων παρνόπος / NOUN 8 βλαπτόντων βλάπτω / VERB 9 τὴν ὁ / DET 10 γῆν γῆ / NOUN 11 ἀποτρέψειν ἀποτρέπω / VERB 12 ὁ ὁ / DET 13 θεὸς θεός / NOUN 14 εἶπεν εἶπον / VERB 15 ἐκ ἐκ / ADP 16 τῆς ὁ / DET 17 χώρας χώρα / NOUN 18 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ΠαρνόπιονΠαρνόπιοςPROPN_Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing3 καλοῦσινobjhighProper noun used as object/name.
2δὲδέCCONJ__3 καλοῦσινcchighPostpositive connective.
3καλοῦσινκαλέωVERBV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act14 εἶπενccomphighMain clause verb governed by ὅτι-clause.
4,,PUNCT__14 εἶπενpuncthighPunctuation.
5ὅτιὅτιSCONJ__14 εἶπενmarkhighIntroduces content clause.
6σφίσισφεῖςPRONP-P---DP-Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs11 ἀποτρέψεινoblhighDative of person affected/for whom.
7παρνόπωνπαρνόποςNOUNN-GPM---Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur8 βλαπτόντωνnsubjmediumLikely genitive subject of the participle.
8βλαπτόντωνβλάπτωVERBV-PAP-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act11 ἀποτρέψεινadvclmediumGenitive absolute-like participial clause; syntax somewhat uncertain.
9τὴνὁDETT-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art10 γῆνdethighArticle.
10γῆνγῆNOUNN-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing8 βλαπτόντωνobjhighObject of participle.
11ἀποτρέψεινἀποτρέπωVERBV-FANTense=Fut|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act14 εἶπενxcomphighComplement infinitive in indirect discourse after εἶπεν.
12ὁὁDETT-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art13 θεὸςdethighArticle.
13θεὸςθεόςNOUNN-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing14 εἶπενnsubjhighSubject of εἶπεν.
14εἶπενεἶπονVERBV-AAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMatrix verb.
15ἐκἐκADP__17 χώραςcasehighPreposition governing χώρας.
16τῆςὁDETT-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art17 χώραςdethighArticle.
17χώραςχώραNOUNN-GSFCase=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing14 εἶπενoblhighPrepositional complement of εἶπεν / source-like phrase.
18..PUNCT__14 εἶπενpuncthighPunctuation.
Sentence 3

1.24.8 sentence 3

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καὶ ὅτι μὲν ἀπέτρεψεν ἴσασι, τρόπῳ δὲ οὐ λέγουσι ποίῳ.

Two coordinated clauses: first with ὅτι-content under ἴσασι, second elliptical/parenthetical with τρόπῳ δὲ οὐ λέγουσι ποίῳ.

punct parataxis cc mark obl discourse discourse ccomp punct advmod amod root 1 καὶ καί / CCONJ 2 ὅτι ὅτι / SCONJ 3 μὲν μέν / PART 4 ἀπέτρεψεν ἀποτρέπω / VERB 5 ἴσασι οἶδα / VERB 6 , , / PUNCT 7 τρόπῳ τρόπος / NOUN 8 δὲ δέ / PART 9 οὐ οὐ / PART 10 λέγουσι λέγω / VERB 11 ποίῳ ποῖος / ADJ 12 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1καὶκαίCCONJ__4 ἀπέτρεψενcchighCoordinating connective at clause level.
2ὅτιὅτιSCONJ__5 ἴσασιmarkhighIntroduces the object/content clause depending on ἴσασι.
3μὲνμένPART__4 ἀπέτρεψενdiscoursehighCorrelative particle with δέ in the next phrase.
4ἀπέτρεψενἀποτρέπωVERBV-AAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act5 ἴσασιccompmediumLikely the content of ἴσασι, though syntax is somewhat elliptical.
5ἴσασιοἶδαVERBV-RAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain verb: 'they know'.
6,,PUNCT__5 ἴσασιpuncthighPunctuation.
7τρόπῳτρόποςNOUNN-DSMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing10 λέγουσιoblhighDative of manner with λέγουσι.
8δὲδέPART__10 λέγουσιdiscoursehighPostpositive connective.
9οὐοὐPART__10 λέγουσιadvmodhighNegates λέγουσι.
10λέγουσιλέγωVERBV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act5 ἴσασιparataxismediumSecond coordinated clause; attached paratactically to ἴσασι.
11ποίῳποῖοςADJA-DSMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing10 λέγουσιamodmediumInterrogative adjective modifying τρόπῳ, though gender/number are inferred from agreement.
12..PUNCT__5 ἴσασιpuncthighPunctuation.
Sentence 4

1.24.8 sentence 4

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τρὶς δὲ αὐτὸς ἤδη πάρνοπας ἐκ Σιπύλου τοῦ ὄρους οὐ κατὰ ταὐτὰ οἶδα φθαρέντας, ἀλλὰ τοὺς μὲν ἐξέωσε βίαιος ἐμπεσὼν ἄνεμος, τοὺς δὲ ὕσαντος τοῦ θεοῦ καῦμα ἰσχυρὸν καθεῖλεν ἐπιλαβόν, οἱ δὲ αἰφνιδίῳ ῥίγει καταληφθέντες ἀπώλοντο.

The sentence consists of a main report with three coordinated aorist clauses; the participles and genitive absolute structures attach locally, but the syntax of ἐπιλαβόν is somewhat uncertain.

parataxis parataxis advmod discourse nsubj advmod obj nmod obj parataxis advcl nsubj punct cc nsubj advcl nmod punct obj amod nsubj obj punct obl case det advmod case obj xcomp discourse advcl discourse det amod discourse amod advcl punct root 1 τρὶς τρίς / ADV 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 αὐτὸς αὐτός / PRON 4 ἤδη ἤδη / ADV 5 πάρνοπας πάρνοψ / NOUN 6 ἐκ ἐκ / ADP 7 Σιπύλου Σίπυλος / PROPN 8 τοῦ ὁ / DET 9 ὄρους ὄρος / NOUN 10 οὐ οὐ / PART 11 κατὰ κατά / ADP 12 ταὐτὰ ταὐτός / ADJ 13 οἶδα οἶδα / VERB 14 φθαρέντας φθείρω / VERB 15 , , / PUNCT 16 ἀλλὰ ἀλλά / CCONJ 17 τοὺς ὁ / DET 18 μὲν μέν / PART 19 ἐξέωσε ἐξεώθω / VERB 20 βίαιος βίαιος / ADJ 21 ἐμπεσὼν ἐμπίπτω / VERB 22 ἄνεμος ἄνεμος / NOUN 23 , , / PUNCT 24 τοὺς ὁ / DET 25 δὲ δέ / PART 26 ὕσαντος ὕω / VERB 27 τοῦ ὁ / DET 28 θεοῦ θεός / NOUN 29 καῦμα καῦμα / NOUN 30 ἰσχυρὸν ἰσχυρός / ADJ 31 καθεῖλεν καθαιρέω / VERB 32 ἐπιλαβόν ἐπιλαμβάνω / VERB 33 , , / PUNCT 34 οἱ ὁ / DET 35 δὲ δέ / PART 36 αἰφνιδίῳ αἰφνίδιος / ADJ 37 ῥίγει ῥῖγος / NOUN 38 καταληφθέντες καταλαμβάνω / VERB 39 ἀπώλοντο ἀπόλλυμι / VERB 40 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1τρὶςτρίςADVG---------_13 οἶδαadvmodhighAdverb 'three times'.
2δὲδέPARTG---------_13 οἶδαdiscoursehighPostpositive connective particle.
3αὐτὸςαὐτόςPRONA---NSM---Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs13 οἶδαnsubjmediumLikely subject/appositive with emphatic 'himself'/'he in person'.
4ἤδηἤδηADVD---------_13 οἶδαadvmodhighTemporal adverb 'already'.
5πάρνοπαςπάρνοψNOUNN-APM---Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur14 φθαρένταςobjmediumAccusative plural adjective/substantive, predicative object of φθαρέντας.
6ἐκἐκADPR---------_7 ΣιπύλουcasehighPreposition governing genitive.
7ΣιπύλουΣίπυλοςPROPNN----GSM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing14 φθαρένταςnmodhighGenitive with ἐκ.
8τοῦὁDETL-S---GM-Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art9 ὄρουςdethighArticle.
9ὄρουςὄροςNOUNN-S---GN-Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing7 ΣιπύλουnmodhighPartitive/location genitive in apposition to Σιπύλου.
10οὐοὐPARTG---------_11 κατὰadvmodhighNegation.
11κατὰκατάADPR---------_12 ταὐτὰcasehighPreposition with accusative.
12ταὐτὰταὐτόςADJA-P---NA-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur13 οἶδαobjmediumAdverbial accusative 'in the same way'.
13οἶδαοἶδαVERBV1SRAI---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain verb of the first clause.
14φθαρένταςφθείρωVERBV-APMAMP-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass13 οἶδαxcomphighParticipial complement of οἶδα.
15,,PUNCT__13 οἶδαpuncthighPunctuation.
16ἀλλὰἀλλάCCONJG---------_19 ἐξέωσεcchighAdversative conjunction.
17τοὺςὁDETL-P---MA-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art19 ἐξέωσεobjhighArticle.
18μὲνμένPARTG---------_17 τοὺςdiscoursehighCorrelative particle.
19ἐξέωσεἐξεώθωVERBV-3SAIA---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act13 οἶδαparataxishighFirst coordinated finite verb.
20βίαιοςβίαιοςADJA---NSM---Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing22 ἄνεμοςamodmediumAdjectival modifier of ἄνεμος.
21ἐμπεσὼνἐμπίπτωVERBV-APMNSM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act22 ἄνεμοςadvclhighParticipial modifier of ἄνεμος.
22ἄνεμοςἄνεμοςNOUNN---NSM--Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing19 ἐξέωσεnsubjhighSubject of ἐξέωσε.
23,,PUNCT__19 ἐξέωσεpuncthighPunctuation.
24τοὺςὁDETL-P---MA-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art31 καθεῖλενobjhighArticle.
25δὲδέPARTG---------_24 τοὺςdiscoursehighCorrelative particle.
26ὕσαντοςὕωVERBV-APGMSA-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act31 καθεῖλενadvclmediumGenitive absolute participle with τοῦ θεοῦ.
27τοῦὁDETL-S---GM-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art28 θεοῦdethighArticle.
28θεοῦθεόςNOUNN---GSM--Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing26 ὕσαντοςnsubjhighSubject of the genitive absolute.
29καῦμακαῦμαNOUNN---NSA--Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing31 καθεῖλενobjhighDirect object of καθεῖλεν.
30ἰσχυρὸνἰσχυρόςADJA---NSA--Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing29 καῦμαamodhighModifier of καῦμα.
31καθεῖλενκαθαιρέωVERBV-3SAIA---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act13 οἶδαparataxishighSecond coordinated finite verb.
32ἐπιλαβόνἐπιλαμβάνωVERBV-APNNSA-Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act29 καῦμαadvcllowLikely participial modifier; morphology/syntax uncertain in transmitted text.
33,,PUNCT__31 καθεῖλενpuncthighPunctuation.
34οἱὁDETL-P---MN-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art39 ἀπώλοντοnsubjhighArticle used substantivally.
35δὲδέPARTG---------_34 οἱdiscoursehighCorrelative particle.
36αἰφνιδίῳαἰφνίδιοςADJA---DSN---Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing37 ῥίγειamodhighModifier of ῥίγει.
37ῥίγειῥῖγοςNOUNN---DSN--Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing39 ἀπώλοντοoblhighDative of cause/instrument.
38καταληφθέντεςκαταλαμβάνωVERBV-APPMNP-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass39 ἀπώλοντοadvclhighParticipial modifier of the final clause subject.
39ἀπώλοντοἀπόλλυμιVERBV-3PAMI---Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid13 οἶδαparataxishighFinal finite verb.
40..PUNCT__39 ἀπώλοντοpuncthighPunctuation.
← 1.24.71.25.1 →