Grammar parses for passage 1.25.1
Open translation for this passage
τοιαῦτα μὲν αὐτοῖς συμβαίνοντα εἶδον·
τοιαῦτα and συμβαίνοντα are neuter plural accusatives, functioning as the object of εἶδον; συμβαίνοντα is a participial modifier/predicate within that object phrase. αὐτοῖς is dative with συμβαίνω, here likely experiencer or circumstance complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοιαῦτα | τοιοῦτος | ADJ | A-NΡ-NA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 συμβαίνοντα | obj | high | Neuter plural accusative; substantivized or modifying an elided neuter noun, coordinated semantically with συμβαίνοντα. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | D-------- | _ | 5 εἶδον | discourse | high | Correlative/discourse particle; no overt δέ in this sentence. |
| 3 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P-3--ND-P | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 4 συμβαίνοντα | iobj | medium | Dative complement of συμβαίνω, likely marking those to whom things happen. |
| 4 | συμβαίνοντα | συμβαίνω | VERB | V-PAP-NA-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 εἶδον | obj | high | Present active participle, neuter plural accusative; part of the object phrase governed by εἶδον. |
| 5 | εἶδον | ὁράω | VERB | V-2AAI-1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second aorist active indicative, first singular. |
| 6 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 εἶδον | punct | high |
ἀλλʼ ὁ μὲν Περικλέους ἀνδριὰς ἑτέρωθι ἀνάκειται, τοῦ δὲ Ξανθίππου πλησίον ἕστηκεν Ἀνακρέων ὁ Τήιος, πρῶτος μετὰ Σαπφὼ τὴν Λεσβίαν τὰ πολλὰ ὧν ἔγραψεν ἐρωτικὰ ποιήσας·
Two coordinated clauses contrast the locations of the statues. In the second clause, Ἀνακρέων is nominative subject of ἕστηκεν, with ὁ Τήιος in apposition; πρῶτος is a predicative temporal/ordinal modifier, and ποιήσας is a circumstantial participle whose object is τὰ πολλὰ ὧν ἔγραψεν. The antecedent of ὧν is τὰ πολλὰ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀλλʼ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | C--- | _ | 7 ἀνάκειται | cc | high | |
| 2 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | DAms | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀνδριὰς | det | high | |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X---- | _ | 7 ἀνάκειται | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with δέ. |
| 4 | Περικλέους | Περικλῆς | PROPN | Nbmg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἀνδριὰς | nmod | high | |
| 5 | ἀνδριὰς | ἀνδριάς | NOUN | Nbms | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνάκειται | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | ἑτέρωθι | ἑτέρωθι | ADV | D---- | _ | 7 ἀνάκειται | advmod | high | Locative adverb. |
| 7 | ἀνάκειται | ἀνάκειμαι | VERB | V3spie--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | u | _ | 7 ἀνάκειται | punct | high | |
| 9 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | DAms | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Ξανθίππου | det | high | |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--- | _ | 13 ἕστηκεν | cc | high | Correlative with μὲν. |
| 11 | Ξανθίππου | Ξάνθιππος | PROPN | Nbmg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἕστηκεν | nmod | high | Genitive of the person represented. |
| 12 | πλησίον | πλησίον | ADV | D---- | _ | 13 ἕστηκεν | advmod | high | Adverbial predicate/location: nearby. |
| 13 | ἕστηκεν | ἵστημι | VERB | V3srma--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 7 ἀνάκειται | conj | high | Perfect with stative present meaning, ‘stands’. |
| 14 | Ἀνακρέων | Ἀνακρέων | PROPN | Nbms | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἕστηκεν | nsubj | high | |
| 15 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | DAms | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 Τήιος | det | high | |
| 16 | Τήιος | Τήιος | PROPN | Nbms | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Ἀνακρέων | appos | high | Ethnic/geographical epithet in apposition to Ἀνακρέων. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | u | _ | 13 ἕστηκεν | punct | high | |
| 18 | πρῶτος | πρῶτος | ADJ | A--mns | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Ἀνακρέων | advmod | medium | Predicative/temporal ‘the first’; attached to the subject. |
| 19 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | R | _ | 20 Σαπφὼ | case | high | |
| 20 | Σαπφὼ | Σαπφώ | PROPN | Nbfs | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 πρῶτος | obl | high | Accusative after μετὰ, ‘after Sappho’. |
| 21 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | DAfa | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 Λεσβίαν | det | high | |
| 22 | Λεσβίαν | Λέσβιος | ADJ | A--afa | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 Σαπφὼ | appos | high | Substantivized ethnic adjective, appositional to Σαπφώ. |
| 23 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | D-an | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 πολλὰ | det | high | |
| 24 | πολλὰ | πολύς | ADJ | A--an | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 28 ποιήσας | obj | high | Substantivized: ‘the many things.’ |
| 25 | ὧν | ὅς | PRON | P—a---g | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 26 ἔγραψεν | obj | high | Relative genitive of quantity/content, referring to τὰ πολλὰ. |
| 26 | ἔγραψεν | γράφω | VERB | V3saia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 28 ποιήσας | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying τὰ πολλὰ. |
| 27 | ἐρωτικὰ | ἐρωτικός | ADJ | A--an | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 28 ποιήσας | xcomp | high | Predicative complement of ποιήσας: ‘making them erotic/love poems’. |
| 28 | ποιήσας | ποιέω | VERB | V--sapmns | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 ἕστηκεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with Ἀνακρέων; τὰ πολλὰ is its object. |
| 29 | · | · | PUNCT | u | _ | 13 ἕστηκεν | punct | high |
καί οἱ τὸ σχῆμά ἐστιν οἷον ᾄδοντος ἂν ἐν μέθῃ γένοιτο ἀνθρώπου.
The sentence contains a comparative clause introduced by οἷον, with γένοιτο as its finite verb and a genitive absolute (ᾄδοντος ἀνθρώπου) within that comparison; the exact attachment of οἷον is somewhat flexible.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καί | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 ἐστιν | cc | high | |
| 2 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | Ppers | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἐστιν | iobj | medium | Dative personal pronoun, probably referring to the subject of the preceding context. |
| 3 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 σχῆμά | det | high | |
| 4 | σχῆμά | σχῆμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | οἷον | οἷος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστιν | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective introducing a comparison; may also be analyzed as a comparative marker/adverbial adjective. |
| 7 | ᾄδοντος | ᾄδω | VERB | V-PAP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 γένοιτο | xcomp | medium | Genitive absolute with ἀνθρώπου; the participle is substantivally understood as ‘a man singing’. |
| 8 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | PART | _ | 11 γένοιτο | advmod | high | |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 10 μέθῃ | case | high | |
| 10 | μέθῃ | μέθη | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ᾄδοντος | obl | high | Dative governed by ἐν. |
| 11 | γένοιτο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2ADO-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 6 οἷον | acl | medium | Potential optative in the relative/comparative clause; οἷον introduces the likeness. |
| 12 | ἀνθρώπου | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ᾄδοντος | nsubj | medium | Genitive subject of the participle in a genitive absolute construction. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστιν | punct | high |
γυναῖκας δὲ πλησίον Δεινομένης Ἰὼ τὴν Ἰνάχου καὶ Καλλιστὼ τὴν Λυκάονος πεποίηκεν, αἷς ἀμφοτέραις ἐστὶν ἐς ἅπαν ὅμοια διηγήματα ἔρως Διὸς καὶ Ἥρας ὀργὴ καὶ ἀλλαγὴ τῇ μὲν ἐς βοῦν, Καλλιστοῖ δὲ ἐς ἄρκτον.
The construction has πεποίηκεν governing two coordinated accusative figures, γυναῖκας understood with appositional/name phrases; αἷς ἀμφοτέραις introduces dative-relative comparison/content, with ἔρως, ὀργή, ἀλλαγή as coordinated subjects of ἐστίν and τῇ μὲν ... Καλλιστοῖ δέ as contrasting datives. Some attachment of πλησίον and ὅμοια is interpretively uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γυναῖκας | γυνή | NOUN | A- NPF-ACC | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 πεποίηκεν | obj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 πεποίηκεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | πλησίον | πλησίον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 4 Δεινομένης | advmod | medium | Adverbial placement/attachment is somewhat uncertain. |
| 4 | Δεινομένης | Δεινομένης | PROPN | A- NSF-GEN | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 Ἰὼ | nmod | medium | Likely genitive dependent on Ἰώ, identifying the artist/creator. |
| 5 | Ἰὼ | Ἰώ | PROPN | A- NSF-ACC | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 πεποίηκεν | conj | medium | Name is coordinated in the accusative object phrase; exact appositional structure is compressed. |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | P-ASF-ACC | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Ἰνάχου | det | high | |
| 7 | Ἰνάχου | Ἰνάχος | PROPN | A- GSM-GEN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Ἰὼ | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitival identifier for Ἰώ. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 Καλλιστὼ | cc | high | |
| 9 | Καλλιστὼ | Καλλιστώ | PROPN | A- NSF-ACC | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 πεποίηκεν | conj | high | Second coordinated accusative figure. |
| 10 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | P-ASF-ACC | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 Λυκάονος | det | high | |
| 11 | Λυκάονος | Λυκάων | PROPN | A- GSM-GEN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Καλλιστὼ | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitival identifier for Καλλιστώ. |
| 12 | πεποίηκεν | ποιέω | VERB | V- RAI3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 πεποίηκεν | punct | high | |
| 14 | αἷς | ὅς | PRON | P- RDF-P-DAT | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 ἐστὶν | obl | high | Relative pronoun, dative plural, referring to the two women. |
| 15 | ἀμφοτέραις | ἀμφότερος | PRON | A- PDF-DAT | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 14 αἷς | amod | high | |
| 16 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V- PAI3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 12 πεποίηκεν | conj | high | Finite verb of the relative clause. |
| 17 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 ἅπαν | case | high | |
| 18 | ἅπαν | ἅπας | ADJ | A-NSN-ACC | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 ὅμοια | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative/extent modifying ὅμοια. |
| 19 | ὅμοια | ὅμοιος | ADJ | A-NSN-ACC | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 διηγήματα | amod | medium | Likely neuter plural/collective agreement is textually compressed; parsed here as neuter singular accusative with διηγήματα. |
| 20 | διηγήματα | διήγημα | NOUN | A- NPN-ACC | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 16 ἐστὶν | obj | medium | Accusative predicative/content phrase with existential ἐστίν; agreement with ὅμοια is irregular or compressed in the transmitted wording. |
| 21 | ἔρως | ἔρως | NOUN | A- NSM-NOM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | |
| 22 | Διὸς | Ζεύς | PROPN | A- GSM-GEN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἔρως | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἔρως. |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 25 ὀργὴ | cc | high | |
| 24 | Ἥρας | Ἥρα | PROPN | A- GSF-GEN | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 ὀργὴ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ὀργή. |
| 25 | ὀργὴ | ὀργή | NOUN | A- NSF-NOM | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἐστὶν | conj | high | Coordinated nominal subject. |
| 26 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 27 ἀλλαγὴ | cc | high | |
| 27 | ἀλλαγὴ | ἀλλαγή | NOUN | A- NSF-NOM | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἐστὶν | conj | high | Third coordinated nominal subject. |
| 28 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | P-DSF-DAT | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 μὲν | det | high | |
| 29 | μὲν | μέν | PART | D-------- | _ | 31 βοῦν | advmod | high | Correlative contrast with δέ at token 34. |
| 30 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 31 βοῦν | case | high | |
| 31 | βοῦν | βοῦς | NOUN | A- NSF-ACC | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 ἀλλαγὴ | obl | high | Object of transformation with ἀλλαγή. |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 βοῦν | punct | high | |
| 33 | Καλλιστοῖ | Καλλιστώ | PROPN | A- DSF-DAT | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 36 ἄρκτον | obl | high | Dative counterpart to τῇ μὲν, marking the second woman affected. |
| 34 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 36 ἄρκτον | cc | high | Correlative with μέν at token 29. |
| 35 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 36 ἄρκτον | case | high | |
| 36 | ἄρκτον | ἄρκτος | NOUN | A- FSF-ACC | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 ἀλλαγὴ | obl | high | Second object of transformation with ἀλλαγή. |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 πεποίηκεν | punct | high |