Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 1.25.2

← 1.25.1 1.25.3 →

Passage 1.25.2

Open translation for this passage

2sentences parsed

84Greek tokens

1,978input tokens

5,764output tokens

Sentence 1

1.25.2 sentence 1

Tokens: 49
Input: 1,066
Output: 3,385
Total: 4,451

πρὸς δὲ τῷ τείχει τῷ Νοτίῳ γιγάντων, οἳ περὶ Θρᾴκην ποτὲ καὶ τὸν ἰσθμὸν τῆς Παλλήνης ᾤκησαν, τούτων τὸν λεγόμενον πόλεμον καὶ μάχην πρὸς Ἀμαζόνας Ἀθηναίων καὶ τὸ Μαραθῶνι πρὸς Μήδους ἔργον καὶ Γαλατῶν τὴν ἐν Μυσίᾳ φθορὰν ἀνέθηκεν Ἄτταλος, ὅσον τε δύο πηχῶν ἕκαστον.

The clause beginning πρὸς δὲ τῷ τείχει is a dative-locative attachment; γιγάντων is an appositional/genitival specification of the depicted subjects. The coordinated accusative phrases are objects of ἀνέθηκεν, with ὅσον τε δύο πηχῶν ἕκαστον giving their approximate size; some attachment among the coordinated objects is interpretively uncertain.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	πρὸς	πρός	ADP	P	AdpType=Prep	4 τείχει	case	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	41 ἀνέθηκεν	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	τῷ	ὁ	DET	T-d--------	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	4 τείχει	det	high
4	τείχει	τεῖχος	NOUN	N------SD-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	7 γιγάντων	obl	medium	Dative with πρὸς, locative/positional.
5	τῷ	ὁ	DET	T-d--------	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	6 Νοτίῳ	det	high
6	Νοτίῳ	νότιος	ADJ	A-----SDN-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	4 τείχει	amod	high	Substantivally specifying the southern wall.
7	γιγάντων	γίγας	NOUN	N-----PG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	41 ἀνέθηκεν	obl	medium	Genitive of depicted subject/group, loosely appositional to the reliefs implied by the object series.
8	,	,	PUNCT	u--------	_	7 γιγάντων	punct	high
9	οἳ	ὅς	PRON	P-----NM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Rel	18 ᾤκησαν	nsubj	high
10	περὶ	περί	ADP	P	AdpType=Prep	11 Θρᾴκην	case	high
11	Θρᾴκην	Θρᾴκη	PROPN	Ne-----A-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	18 ᾤκησαν	obl	high	With περί, regional reference.
12	ποτὲ	ποτέ	ADV	D--------	AdvType=Tim	18 ᾤκησαν	advmod	high
13	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	15 ἰσθμὸν	cc	high
14	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-----MA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	15 ἰσθμὸν	det	high
15	ἰσθμὸν	ἰσθμός	NOUN	N-----MA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 Θρᾴκην	conj	high	Coordinated with Θρᾴκην under περί.
16	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-s---FG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	17 Παλλήνης	det	high
17	Παλλήνης	Παλλήνη	PROPN	Ne-----SG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	15 ἰσθμὸν	nmod	high
18	ᾤκησαν	οἰκέω	VERB	V-AAI-3P-	Aspect=Perf\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	7 γιγάντων	acl:relcl	high
19	,	,	PUNCT	u--------	_	18 ᾤκησαν	punct	high
20	τούτων	οὗτος	PRON	P-----GPM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Dem	23 πόλεμον	nmod	medium	Partitive/specifying genitive: of these Giants.
21	τὸν	ὁ	DET	T-----MA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	23 πόλεμον	det	high
22	λεγόμενον	λέγω	VERB	V-PPP-MSA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	23 πόλεμον	amod	high	Participial modifier, ‘so-called’.
23	πόλεμον	πόλεμος	NOUN	N-----MA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	41 ἀνέθηκεν	obj	high
24	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	25 μάχην	cc	high
25	μάχην	μάχη	NOUN	N-----FA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	23 πόλεμον	conj	high	Coordinated object.
26	πρὸς	πρός	ADP	P	AdpType=Prep	27 Ἀμαζόνας	case	high
27	Ἀμαζόνας	Ἀμαζών	PROPN	N-----FA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	25 μάχην	obl	high	Opponent complement of μάχη/πόλεμος.
28	Ἀθηναίων	Ἀθηναῖος	ADJ	A-----PG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	34 ἔργον	nmod	medium	Genitive associated with the Marathon deed; attachment to μάχην is also possible.
29	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	34 ἔργον	cc	high
30	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-----NA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	34 ἔργον	det	high
31	Μαραθῶνι	Μαραθών	PROPN	N-----SD-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	34 ἔργον	obl	high	Locative dative, ‘at Marathon’.
32	πρὸς	πρός	ADP	P	AdpType=Prep	33 Μήδους	case	high
33	Μήδους	Μῆδος	PROPN	N-----MA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	34 ἔργον	obl	high	Opponent complement.
34	ἔργον	ἔργον	NOUN	N-----NA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	41 ἀνέθηκεν	conj	high	Coordinated accusative object.
35	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	40 φθορὰν	cc	high
36	Γαλατῶν	Γαλάτης	PROPN	N-----PG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	40 φθορὰν	nmod	high	Genitive associated with φθοράν.
37	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-----FA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	40 φθορὰν	det	high
38	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	P	AdpType=Prep	39 Μυσίᾳ	case	high
39	Μυσίᾳ	Μυσία	PROPN	N-----SD-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	40 φθορὰν	obl	high	Locative dative with ἐν.
40	φθορὰν	φθορά	NOUN	N-----FA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	41 ἀνέθηκεν	conj	high	Coordinated accusative object.
41	ἀνέθηκεν	ἀνατίθημι	VERB	V-AAI-3S-	Aspect=Perf\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
42	Ἄτταλος	Ἄτταλος	PROPN	N-----NM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	41 ἀνέθηκεν	nsubj	high
43	,	,	PUNCT	u--------	_	41 ἀνέθηκεν	punct	high
44	ὅσον	ὅσος	PRON	P-----NA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Rel	48 ἕκαστον	advmod	medium	Quantitative relative introducing the measure phrase.
45	τε	τε	CCONJ	C--------	_	44 ὅσον	cc	medium	Correlative/continuative particle.
46	δύο	δύο	NUM	M--------	NumType=Card	47 πηχῶν	nummod	high
47	πηχῶν	πῆχυς	NOUN	N-----PG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	44 ὅσον	nmod	high	Measure genitive.
48	ἕκαστον	ἕκαστος	DET	P---NA--	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Ind	41 ἀνέθηκεν	advmod	medium	Predicative distributive quantifier referring to each depicted item; attachment to the object series is understood.
49	.	.	PUNCT	u--------	_	41 ἀνέθηκεν	punct	high

Sentence 2

1.25.2 sentence 2

Tokens: 35
Input: 912
Output: 2,379
Total: 3,291

ἕστηκε δὲ καὶ Ὀλυμπιόδωρος, μεγέθει τε ὧν ἔπραξε λαβὼν δόξαν καὶ οὐχ ἥκιστα τῷ καιρῷ, φρόνημα ἐν ἀνθρώποις παρασχόμενος συνεχῶς ἐπταικόσι καὶ διʼ αὐτὸ οὐδὲ ἓν χρηστὸν οὐδὲ ἐς τὰ μέλλοντα ἐλπίζουσι.

The sentence has a main predication ἕστηκε Ὀλυμπιόδωρος, with participial συμπληρώματα λαβών and παρασχόμενος. The final οὐδὲ...οὐδὲ clause is syntactically elliptical/awkward in the transmitted text; ἐλπίζουσι is finite 3rd-plural and is attached to the coordinated negative object phrase with low confidence.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἕστηκε	ἵστημι	VERB	V-RAI-3S	Aspect=Perf\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Perf\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	G-	_	1 ἕστηκε	cc	high
3	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	G-	_	1 ἕστηκε	cc	high
4	Ὀλυμπιόδωρος	Ὀλυμπιόδωρος	PROPN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	1 ἕστηκε	nsubj	high
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἕστηκε	punct	high
6	μεγέθει	μέγεθος	NOUN	N-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	10 λαβὼν	obl	medium	Dative of respect/measure with δόξαν λαβών, or loosely modifying the whole participial phrase.
7	τε	τε	CCONJ	G-	_	6 μεγέθει	cc	high
8	ὧν	ὅς	PRON	P-GNPN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	9 ἔπραξε	obl	high	Relative pronoun, genitive of πράττω.
9	ἔπραξε	πράσσω	VERB	V-AAI-3S	Aspect=Aor\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	11 δόξαν	acl:relcl	high
10	λαβὼν	λαμβάνω	VERB	V-AAP-NSM	Aspect=Aor\|Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	1 ἕστηκε	advcl	high
11	δόξαν	δόξα	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	10 λαβὼν	obj	high
12	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	G-	_	10 λαβὼν	cc	high
13	οὐχ	οὐ	PART	D-	_	14 ἥκιστα	advmod	high	Sandhi form before ἥκιστα.
14	ἥκιστα	ἥκιστα	ADV	D-	Degree=Sup	16 καιρῷ	advmod	high	Superlative adverbial form.
15	τῷ	ὁ	DET	L-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	16 καιρῷ	det	high
16	καιρῷ	καιρός	NOUN	N-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	10 λαβὼν	obl	high	Dative of occasion/circumstance.
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	10 λαβὼν	punct	high
18	φρόνημα	φρόνημα	NOUN	N-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	21 παρασχόμενος	obj	high
19	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R-	_	20 ἀνθρώποις	case	high
20	ἀνθρώποις	ἄνθρωπος	NOUN	N-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	18 φρόνημα	obl	high
21	παρασχόμενος	παρέχω	VERB	V-AMP-NSM	Aspect=Aor\|Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Mid	1 ἕστηκε	advcl	high
22	συνεχῶς	συνεχῶς	ADV	D-	_	23 ἐπταικόσι	advmod	high
23	ἐπταικόσι	πταίω	VERB	V-RAP-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	21 παρασχόμενος	obl	medium	Perfect active participle, dative plural; the understood referent is the people in ἀνθρώποις.
24	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	G-	_	27 οὐδὲ	cc	high
25	διʼ	διά	ADP	R-	_	26 αὐτὸ	case	high	Elided form of διά before vowel.
26	αὐτὸ	αὐτός	PRON	P-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	34 ἐλπίζουσι	obl	high	Refers anaphorically to φρόνημα or the preceding circumstance; syntactically uncertain.
27	οὐδὲ	οὐδέ	CCONJ	G-	_	30 οὐδὲ	cc	high
28	ἓν	εἷς	NUM	A-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	29 χρηστὸν	det	high	Numeral used attributively/pronominally.
29	χρηστὸν	χρηστός	ADJ	A-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	34 ἐλπίζουσι	obj	high	Substantivized adjective.
30	οὐδὲ	οὐδέ	CCONJ	G-	_	34 ἐλπίζουσι	cc	high
31	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R-	_	32 τὰ	case	high	Variant form of εἰς.
32	τὰ	ὁ	DET	L-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	33 μέλλοντα	det	high
33	μέλλοντα	μέλλω	VERB	V-PAP-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	34 ἐλπίζουσι	obl	high	Substantivized present participle, ‘future things’.
34	ἐλπίζουσι	ἐλπίζω	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	29 χρηστὸν	conj	low	Finite 3pl form is difficult in this context; likely textual/syntactic irregularity or an understood subject. Attached provisionally to the negative object phrase.
35	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἕστηκε	punct	high

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