Grammar parses for passage 1.25.4
Open translation for this passage
ἐγένοντο δὲ αἱ μετασχοῦσαι πόλεις Πελοποννησίων μὲν Ἄργος Ἐπίδαυρος Σικυὼν Τροιζὴν Ἠλεῖοι Φλιάσιοι Μεσσήνη, οἱ δὲ ἔξω τοῦ Κορινθίων ἰσθμοῦ Λοκροὶ Φωκεῖς Θεσσαλοὶ Κάρυστος Ἀκαρνᾶνες ἐς τὸ Αἰτωλικὸν συντελοῦντες·
Two coordinated subject-like catalogues depend on ἐγένοντο; the second is expanded by a participial phrase with ἔξω + genitive and ἐς + accusative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐγένοντο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-3AMI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 ἐγένοντο | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | L-APN | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 πόλεις | det | high | Article modifying μετασχοῦσαι. |
| 4 | μετασχοῦσαι | μετέχω | VERB | V-AAP-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 πόλεις | acl | high | Attributive participle modifying πόλεις. |
| 5 | πόλεις | πόλις | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 ἐγένοντο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐγένοντο. |
| 6 | Πελοποννησίων | Πελοποννήσιος | ADJ | A-PGPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 Ἄργος | amod | medium | Likely adjective substantivized or modifying the list of cities; syntax slightly uncertain. |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 6 Πελοποννησίων | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 8 | Ἄργος | Ἄργος | PROPN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἐγένοντο | conj | high | Member of the list. |
| 9 | Ἐπίδαυρος | Ἐπίδαυρος | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἐγένοντο | conj | high | Member of the list. |
| 10 | Σικυὼν | Σικυών | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἐγένοντο | conj | high | Member of the list. |
| 11 | Τροιζὴν | Τροιζήν | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἐγένοντο | conj | high | Member of the list. |
| 12 | Ἠλεῖοι | Ἠλεῖος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἐγένοντο | conj | high | Ethnic adjective used substantively. |
| 13 | Φλιάσιοι | Φλιάσιος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἐγένοντο | conj | high | Ethnic adjective used substantively. |
| 14 | Μεσσήνη | Μεσσήνη | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἐγένοντο | conj | high | Member of the list. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐγένοντο | punct | high | Comma. |
| 16 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L-NPM | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 24 Θεσσαλοὶ | det | high | Article with substantivized ethnic list. |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 16 οἱ | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 18 | ἔξω | ἔξω | ADV | D | _ | 27 ἐς | advmod | medium | Adverb modifying the participial phrase. |
| 19 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-GSN | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 ἰσθμοῦ | det | high | Article with ἰσθμοῦ. |
| 20 | Κορινθίων | Κορινθιός | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 ἰσθμοῦ | amod | medium | Ethnic adjective functioning adjectivally with ἰσθμοῦ. |
| 21 | ἰσθμοῦ | ἰσθμός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἔξω | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἔξω. |
| 22 | Λοκροὶ | Λοκρός | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 Θεσσαλοὶ | conj | high | Substantive ethnic adjective in the list. |
| 23 | Φωκεῖς | Φωκεύς | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 Θεσσαλοὶ | conj | high | Substantive ethnicon in the list. |
| 24 | Θεσσαλοὶ | Θεσσαλός | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 οἱ | nsubj | medium | Head of the second coordinated group; ethnic adjective used substantively. |
| 25 | Κάρυστος | Κάρυστος | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 Θεσσαλοὶ | conj | medium | Likely member of the list though form is unexpected for a city name. |
| 26 | Ἀκαρνᾶνες | Ἀκαρνάν | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 Θεσσαλοὶ | conj | high | Substantive ethnicon in the list. |
| 27 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 30 συντελοῦντες | case | high | Preposition. |
| 28 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-ASN | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 29 Αἰτωλικὸν | det | high | Article with Αἰτωλικὸν. |
| 29 | Αἰτωλικὸν | Αἰτωλικός | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 30 συντελοῦντες | obj | medium | Likely adjectival substantive after ἐς. |
| 30 | συντελοῦντες | συντελέω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 Θεσσαλοὶ | advcl | high | Participial clause modifying the second subject group. |
| 31 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐγένοντο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Βοιωτοὶ δὲ Θηβαίων ἠρημωμένην τὴν γῆν τὴν Θηβαΐδα νεμόμενοι δέει μὴ Θήβας αὖθις Ἀθηναῖοί σφισιν ἐποικίζωσιν οὔτε ἐς τὴν συμμαχίαν ἐτάσσοντο καὶ ἐς ὅσον ἧκον δυνάμεως τὰ Μακεδόνων ηὖξον.
The syntax is somewhat compressed: νεμόμενοι is a participial circumstantial clause with δέει introducing the feared event in indirect discourse, and the final ἐς ὅσον ἧκον δυνάμεως phrase is the most uncertain part.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Βοιωτοὶ | Βοιωτός | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 νεμόμενοι | nsubj | high | Subject of νεμόμενοι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 Βοιωτοὶ | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Θηβαίων | Θηβαῖος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 γῆν | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent of γῆν, 'land of the Thebans'. |
| 4 | ἠρημωμένην | ἐρημόω | VERB | V-PPP-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 6 γῆν | amod | high | Participle modifying γῆν. |
| 5 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 γῆν | det | high | Article with γῆν. |
| 6 | γῆν | γῆ | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 νεμόμενοι | obj | high | Object notion of 'land'. |
| 7 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 Θηβαΐδα | det | high | Article with Θηβαΐδα. |
| 8 | Θηβαΐδα | Θηβαΐς | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 γῆν | appos | medium | Appositive/predicative to γῆν. |
| 9 | νεμόμενοι | νέμω | VERB | V-PMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 29 ηὖξον | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle attached to ηὖξον. |
| 10 | δέει | δέος | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 νεμόμενοι | obl | medium | Dative of cause/reason with participle. |
| 11 | μὴ | μή | PART | _ | _ | 16 ἐποικίζωσιν | advmod | high | Negates the fear-clause. |
| 12 | Θήβας | Θῆβαι | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 ἐποικίζωσιν | obj | high | Object of ἐποικίζωσιν. |
| 13 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | _ | _ | 16 ἐποικίζωσιν | advmod | high | Adverb 'again'. |
| 14 | Ἀθηναῖοί | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἐποικίζωσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐποικίζωσιν. |
| 15 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 16 ἐποικίζωσιν | iobj | high | Dative indirect object 'to them'. |
| 16 | ἐποικίζωσιν | ἐποικίζω | VERB | V-PSA-3P | Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 10 δέει | ccomp | high | Verb in feared clause dependent on δέει. |
| 17 | οὔτε | οὐδέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 21 ἐτάσσοντο | cc | high | Correlative negative conjunction. |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 20 συμμαχίαν | case | high | Preposition with συμμαχίαν. |
| 19 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 συμμαχίαν | det | high | Article with συμμαχίαν. |
| 20 | συμμαχίαν | συμμαχία | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ἐτάσσοντο | obl | high | Goal/direction of ἐτάσσοντο. |
| 21 | ἐτάσσοντο | τάσσω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 29 ηὖξον | advcl | high | Main verb of first coordinated clause. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 29 ηὖξον | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 23 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 24 ὅσον | case | high | Preposition with ὅσον. |
| 24 | ὅσον | ὅσος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 ἧκον | obj | medium | Likely within the phrase ἐς ὅσον ἧκον δυνάμεως. |
| 25 | ἧκον | ἵκω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 29 ηὖξον | advcl | medium | Syntax somewhat difficult; taken as correlative extent clause. |
| 26 | δυνάμεως | δύναμις | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ὅσον | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on ὅσον/ἧκον phrase, probably 'as far as power'. |
| 27 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 28 Μακεδόνων | det | high | Article with Μακεδόνων. |
| 28 | Μακεδόνων | Μακεδών | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 ηὖξον | obj | low | Likely genitive of reference/possessor with implied substantive; parsing is uncertain. |
| 29 | ηὖξον | αὐξάνω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main root verb 'they increased'.},{ |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 ηὖξον | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |