Grammar parses for passage 1.26.2
Open translation for this passage
Ἀθῆναι μὲν οὕτως ἀπὸ Μακεδόνων ἠλευθερώθησαν,
The passive verb ἠλευθερώθησαν takes Ἀθῆναι as its nominative subject; ἀπό with the genitive marks the source/agent. μὲν anticipates a likely contrast, while οὕτως is an adverbial manner modifier.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀθῆναι | Ἀθῆναι | PROPN | Ne-Np | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 ἠλευθερώθησαν | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G--------- | _ | 6 ἠλευθερώθησαν | cc | high | Postpositive contrastive particle. |
| 3 | οὕτως | οὕτως | ADV | D--------- | _ | 6 ἠλευθερώθησαν | advmod | high | |
| 4 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R--------- | _ | 5 Μακεδόνων | case | high | |
| 5 | Μακεδόνων | Μακεδών | PROPN | Ne-gp | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἠλευθερώθησαν | obl:agent | high | With ἀπό, denotes those from whom Athens was liberated; source/agent interpretation. |
| 6 | ἠλευθερώθησαν | ἐλευθερόω | VERB | V3PAI3P | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἠλευθερώθησαν | punct | high |
πρῶτος μὲν γὰρ ἐπὶ τὸ τεῖχος ἀνέβη, πρῶτος δὲ ἐς τὸ Μουσεῖον ἐσήλατο,
Two coordinated clauses share an understood masculine singular subject; πρῶτος is predicative, and the second ἐσήλατο is an aorist middle verb meaning 'entered/charged into.'
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πρῶτος | πρῶτος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνέβη | xcomp | high | Predicative adjective with the understood subject of ἀνέβη. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-DS | _ | 7 ἀνέβη | discourse | high | Correlative particle, answered by δέ. |
| 3 | γὰρ | γάρ | SCONJ | G-DS | _ | 7 ἀνέβη | mark | high | Explanatory particle introducing the coordinated assertion. |
| 4 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 6 τεῖχος | case | high | Preposition governing accusative τὸ τεῖχος. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 τεῖχος | det | high | |
| 6 | τεῖχος | τεῖχος | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνέβη | obl | high | Accusative object of motion with ἐπί. |
| 7 | ἀνέβη | ἀναβαίνω | VERB | V-3AAI-S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | First coordinated finite verb; subject is understood from context. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀνέβη | punct | high | |
| 9 | πρῶτος | πρῶτος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐσήλατο | xcomp | high | Predicative adjective with the understood subject of ἐσήλατο. |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G-DS | _ | 14 ἐσήλατο | cc | high | Correlative coordinator contrasting with μέν. |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 13 Μουσεῖον | case | high | Preposition governing accusative τὸ Μουσεῖον. |
| 12 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 Μουσεῖον | det | high | |
| 13 | Μουσεῖον | Μουσεῖον | PROPN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἐσήλατο | obl | high | Proper name for the Museum, governed by ἐς. |
| 14 | ἐσήλατο | εἰσάλλομαι | VERB | V-3AMI-S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 7 ἀνέβη | conj | high | Second coordinated finite verb; middle voice is lexical/deponent-like. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἐσήλατο | punct | high |
καί οἱ πεσόντι ἐν τῇ μάχῃ τιμαὶ παρʼ Ἀθηναίων καὶ ἄλλαι γεγόνασι καὶ τὴν ἀσπίδα ἀνέθεσαν τῷ Διὶ τῷ Ἐλευθερίῳ, τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ Λεωκρίτου καὶ τὸ κατόρθωμα ἐπιγράψαντες.
The sentence coordinates two predicates: τιμαὶ ... γεγόνασι and (οἱ ... ) ἀνέθεσαν; πεσόντι is a dative participle agreeing with οἱ, and ἐπιγράψαντες is a nominative plural participle referring to the implicit subject of ἀνέθεσαν. The second καί (token 13) coordinates the predicates, while the first (token 1) is connective.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καί | καί | CCONJ | τε καί | _ | 12 γεγόνασι | cc | high | |
| 2 | οἱ | ὁ | PRON | r-article | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 πεσόντι | nsubj | medium | Articular pronoun, substantivized and understood as the Athenians. |
| 3 | πεσόντι | πίπτω | VERB | v2aor-act-pcp-dat-sg-m | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 γεγόνασι | iobj | high | Dative of reference/beneficiary with τιμαί. |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | s-prep | _ | 6 μάχῃ | case | high | |
| 5 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | l-p---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 μάχῃ | det | high | |
| 6 | μάχῃ | μάχη | NOUN | n1-df-s | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 πεσόντι | obl | high | Locative circumstance with πεσόντι. |
| 7 | τιμαὶ | τιμή | NOUN | n1-nf-p | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 γεγόνασι | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | παρʼ | παρά | ADP | s-prep | _ | 9 Ἀθηναίων | case | high | |
| 9 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | a3p---gm- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 τιμαὶ | nmod | high | Ethnic name used substantivally: ‘from the Athenians’. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c--------- | _ | 11 ἄλλαι | cc | high | |
| 11 | ἄλλαι | ἄλλος | ADJ | a-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 τιμαὶ | conj | high | Coordinates with τιμαί; τιμαί is understood. |
| 12 | γεγόνασι | γίγνομαι | VERB | v3pfia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect active form of γίγνομαι, ‘have come to be/been accorded’. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c--------- | _ | 16 ἀνέθεσαν | cc | high | Coordinates ἀνέθεσαν with γεγόνασι. |
| 14 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | l-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἀσπίδα | det | high | |
| 15 | ἀσπίδα | ἀσπίς | NOUN | n3 fa-s | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἀνέθεσαν | obj | high | |
| 16 | ἀνέθεσαν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | v3aaia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 12 γεγόνασι | conj | high | Subject is the same understood plural group as in γεγόνασι. |
| 17 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | l-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 Διὶ | det | high | |
| 18 | Διὶ | Ζεύς | PROPN | n3-dm-s | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἀνέθεσαν | obl | high | Dative recipient/dedication. |
| 19 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | l-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 Ἐλευθερίῳ | det | high | |
| 20 | Ἐλευθερίῳ | Ἐλευθέριος | PROPN | a-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 Διὶ | appos | high | Cult epithet in apposition to Διί. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 ἐπιγράψαντες | punct | high | |
| 22 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 ὄνομα | det | high | |
| 23 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | n3--na-s | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 29 ἐπιγράψαντες | obj | high | First coordinated object of ἐπιγράψαντες. |
| 24 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 Λεωκρίτου | det | high | |
| 25 | Λεωκρίτου | Λεώκριτος | PROPN | n2-gm-s | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 ὄνομα | nmod | high | |
| 26 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c--------- | _ | 28 κατόρθωμα | cc | high | |
| 27 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 28 κατόρθωμα | det | high | |
| 28 | κατόρθωμα | κατόρθωμα | NOUN | n3--na-s | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 ὄνομα | conj | high | Second coordinated object of ἐπιγράψαντες. |
| 29 | ἐπιγράψαντες | ἐπιγράφω | VERB | v1aor-act-pcp-nom-p | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 16 ἀνέθεσαν | advcl | high | Nominative plural circumstantial participle, sharing the subject of ἀνέθεσαν. |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 γεγόνασι | punct | high |