Grammar parses for passage 1.26.4
Open translation for this passage
τῆς δὲ εἰκόνος πλησίον τῆς Ὀλυμπιοδώρου χαλκοῦν Ἀρτέμιδος ἄγαλμα ἔστηκεν ἐπίκλησιν Λευκοφρύνης, ἀνέθεσαν δὲ οἱ παῖδες οἱ Θεμιστοκλέους.
The first clause uses an adverbial accusative ἐπίκλησιν with a genitive name; ἔστηκεν and ἀνέθεσαν are separate root verbs in coordinate clauses.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 εἰκόνος | det | high | Article modifying εἰκόνος. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 10 ἔστηκεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | εἰκόνος | εἰκών | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of πλησίον. |
| 4 | πλησίον | πλησίον | ADP | _ | _ | 9 ἄγαλμα | case | medium | Likely preposition/postposition governing the genitive phrase. |
| 5 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 Ὀλυμπιοδώρου | det | high | Article modifying Ὀλυμπιοδώρου. |
| 6 | Ὀλυμπιοδώρου | Ὀλυμπιόδωρος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 εἰκόνος | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of εἰκόνος. |
| 7 | χαλκοῦν | χαλκοῦς | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἄγαλμα | amod | high | Attributive adjective agreeing with ἄγαλμα. |
| 8 | Ἀρτέμιδος | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἄγαλμα. |
| 9 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἔστηκεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔστηκεν. |
| 10 | ἔστηκεν | ἵστημι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 11 | ἐπίκλησιν | ἐπίκλησις | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἔστηκεν | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative of respect/denomination. |
| 12 | Λευκοφρύνης | Λευκοφρύνῃ | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἐπίκλησιν | nmod | low | Probably genitive/name in apposition to ἐπίκλησιν; form is ambiguous. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἔστηκεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 14 | ἀνέθεσαν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second clause verb. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 14 ἀνέθεσαν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 16 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 17 παῖδες | det | high | Article modifying παῖδες. |
| 17 | παῖδες | παῖς | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἀνέθεσαν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀνέθεσαν. |
| 18 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 Θεμιστοκλέους | det | high | Article modifying Θεμιστοκλέους. |
| 19 | Θεμιστοκλέους | Θεμιστοκλῆς | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 παῖδες | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of παῖδες. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἀνέθεσαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
Μάγνητες γάρ, ὧν ἦρχε Θεμιστοκλῆς λαβὼν παρὰ βασιλέως, Λευκοφρύνην Ἄρτεμιν ἄγουσιν ἐν τιμῇ.
The clause ὧν ἦρχε Θεμιστοκλῆς λαβὼν παρὰ βασιλέως is treated as a circumstantial relative clause with an embedded participial modifier.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μάγνητες | Μάγνης | PROPN | N-P---MP- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ἄγουσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἄγουσιν; form understood as ethnic noun/name. |
| 2 | γάρ | γάρ | PART | G-------- | _ | 13 ἄγουσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἄγουσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 4 | ὧν | ὅς | PRON | RR-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 5 ἦρχε | obj | high | Relative pronoun referring to Μάγνητες; genitive with ἦρχε. |
| 5 | ἦρχε | ἄρχω | VERB | V3SIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 13 ἄγουσιν | advcl | medium | Likely circumstantial relative clause; syntax slightly compressed with participle λαβών. |
| 6 | Θεμιστοκλῆς | Θεμιστοκλῆς | PROPN | N-S---MS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἦρχε | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦρχε. |
| 7 | λαβὼν | λαμβάνω | VERB | V-AAP-SNM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 ἦρχε | advcl | high | Supplementary participle modifying Θεμιστοκλῆς / the clause. |
| 8 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 βασιλέως | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 9 | βασιλέως | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 λαβὼν | obl | high | Object of παρὰ, dependent on λαβών. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἄγουσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | Λευκοφρύνην | Λευκοφρύνη | PROPN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἄγουσιν | obj | high | Direct object, epithet/name of Artemis. |
| 12 | Ἄρτεμιν | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 Λευκοφρύνην | appos | high | Apposition to Λευκοφρύνην. |
| 13 | ἄγουσιν | ἄγω | VERB | V3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 14 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 τιμῇ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 15 | τιμῇ | τιμή | NOUN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἄγουσιν | obl | high | Prepositional phrase modifying ἄγουσιν. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἄγουσιν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Ἔνδοιος ἦν γένος μὲν Ἀθηναῖος, Δαιδάλου δὲ μαθητής, ὃς καὶ φεύγοντι Δαιδάλῳ διὰ τὸν Κάλω θάνατον ἐπηκολούθησεν ἐς Κρήτην.
The main difficulty is the appositional/predicative sequence after Ἔνδοιος ἦν; I treat γένος as a predicate accusative and μαθητής as a second predicate noun.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἔνδοιος | Ἔνδοιος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 2 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦν. |
| 2 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular root. |
| 3 | γένος | γένος | NOUN | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 2 ἦν | obj | medium | Predicate accusative with ἦν; case is somewhat ambiguous in citation-style prose. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 3 γένος | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 5 | Ἀθηναῖος | Ἀθηναῖος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 2 ἦν | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective agreeing with Ἔνδοιος. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἦν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 7 | Δαιδάλου | Δαίδαλος | PROPN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 9 μαθητής | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of μαθητής. |
| 8 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 9 μαθητής | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 9 | μαθητής | μαθητής | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 2 ἦν | conj | medium | Second predicate nominative coordinated with the first description. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 μαθητής | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|PronType=Rel | 19 ἐπηκολούθησεν | nsubj | high | Relative subject of ἐπηκολούθησεν. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 19 ἐπηκολούθησεν | advmod | medium | Focus/additive particle in the relative clause. |
| 13 | φεύγοντι | φεύγω | VERB | _ | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Active | 19 ἐπηκολούθησεν | advcl | medium | Participle modifying the subject of ἐπηκολούθησεν; dative absolute/adverbial use. |
| 14 | Δαιδάλῳ | Δαίδαλος | PROPN | _ | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 13 φεύγοντι | obl | high | Dative complement with the participle. |
| 15 | διὰ | διά | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 18 θάνατον | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 16 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 18 θάνατον | det | high | Article modifying θάνατον. |
| 17 | Κάλω | Κάλως | PROPN | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 18 θάνατον | nmod | low | Likely a proper name in attributive position; form and syntactic relation are uncertain. |
| 18 | θάνατον | θάνατος | NOUN | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 13 φεύγοντι | obl | high | Object of διά indicating cause. |
| 19 | ἐπηκολούθησεν | ἐπακολουθέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 11 ὃς | acl:relcl | high | Verb of the relative clause. |
| 20 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | AdpType=Prep | 21 Κρήτην | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 21 | Κρήτην | Κρήτη | PROPN | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 19 ἐπηκολούθησεν | obl | high | Goal of motion with εἰς. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἦν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
τούτου καθήμενόν ἐστιν Ἀθηνᾶς ἄγαλμα, ἐπίγραμμα ἔχον ὡς Καλλίας μὲν ἀναθείη, ποιήσειε δὲ Ἔνδοιος.
The main syntactic difficulty is the nested participial structure: ἔχον introduces a clause whose content is expressed by the two optatives in indirect/reported style under ὡς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | PPro-GenNeut-Sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ἄγαλμα/scene marker. |
| 2 | καθήμενόν | κάθημαι | VERB | VMP-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 5 ἄγαλμα | amod | medium | Participial modifier agreeing with implied/understood subject of ἄγαλμα; could be adnominal participle. |
| 3 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-3SpIAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 5 ἄγαλμα | cop | high | Copula with ἄγαλμα as predicate nominal/root. |
| 4 | Ἀθηνᾶς | Ἀθηνᾶ | PROPN | N-GenSgF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Possessive/genitive modifier of ἄγαλμα. |
| 5 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicative noun with copula. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἄγαλμα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 7 | ἐπίγραμμα | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἄγαλμα | obj | medium | Accusative with ἔχον; appositional/secondary predicate relation possible. |
| 8 | ἔχον | ἔχω | VERB | VMP-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 ἄγαλμα | advcl | high | Participial clause modifying ἄγαλμα. |
| 9 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ἀναθείη | mark | high | Marks reported/comparative clause. |
| 10 | Καλλίας | Καλλίας | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἀναθείη | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀναθείη. |
| 11 | μὲν | μέν | PART | CL | _ | 12 ἀναθείη | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 12 | ἀναθείη | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-3SAAO | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 8 ἔχον | ccomp | high | Content of ὡς-clause dependent on ἔχον. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἀναθείη | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 14 | ποιήσειε | ποιέω | VERB | V-3SAAO | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 12 ἀναθείη | conj | high | Second coordinated optative in the ὡς clause. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | PART | CL | _ | 14 ποιήσειε | discourse | high | Correlative connective particle. |
| 16 | Ἔνδοιος | Ἔνδοιος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ποιήσειε | nsubj | high | Subject of ποιήσειε. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἄγαλμα | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |