Grammar parses for passage 1.26.5
Open translation for this passage
τοῦτο μὲν θαῦμα οὐ μέγα· καὶ γὰρ ὅσοι μεσόγαιαν οἰκοῦσιν, ἄλλοις τε ἔστι καὶ Καρσὶν Ἀφροδισιεῦσιν· ἀλλὰ τόδε τὸ φρέαρ ἐς συγγραφὴν παρέχεται κυμάτων ἦχον ἐπὶ νότῳ πνεύσαντι.
Syntax is largely paratactic: the initial nominal clause is followed by an explanatory γάρ-clause and then an adversative main clause with coordinated verb phrases.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | Pd---Ne- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 θαῦμα | nsubj | high | Demonstrative pronoun modifying the predicative noun. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 τοῦτο | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | θαῦμα | θαῦμα | NOUN | Nb-s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicative noun of the first clause. |
| 4 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | _ | 5 μέγα | advmod | high | Negation of μέγα. |
| 5 | μέγα | μέγας | ADJ | A--s---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 θαῦμα | amod | high | Predicate adjective with implied copula. |
| 6 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 θαῦμα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 γὰρ | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 8 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | G-------- | _ | 15 ἔστι | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle introducing clause. |
| 9 | ὅσοι | ὅσος | PRON | Pk-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 11 οἰκοῦσιν | nsubj | high | Relative/generalizing subject of οἰκοῦσιν. |
| 10 | μεσόγαιαν | μεσόγαιος | ADJ | A--s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 οἰκοῦσιν | obj | medium | Likely substantive/adjectival object with ὀικέω ('inhabit inland country'). |
| 11 | οἰκοῦσιν | οἰκέω | VERB | V3ppia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 15 ἔστι | csubj | medium | Finite verb in explanatory clause; syntactic attachment somewhat uncertain. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 οἰκοῦσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 13 | ἄλλοις | ἄλλος | ADJ | A--p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἔστι | obl | high | Dative complement with ἔστι. |
| 14 | τε | τε | PART | G-------- | _ | 13 ἄλλοις | discourse | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 15 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the explanatory clause. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 Καρσὶν | cc | high | Coordinates Καρσὶν with ἄλλοις. |
| 17 | Καρσὶν | Καρσί | PROPN | Ne-p---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 ἔστι | obl | medium | Ethnonym in dative; form is irregular/uncertain. |
| 18 | Ἀφροδισιεῦσιν | Ἀφροδισιεύς | PROPN | Ne-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 Καρσὶν | appos | high | Apposition to Καρσὶν. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἔστι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 20 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 26 παρέχεται | cc | high | Adversative conjunction. |
| 21 | τόδε | ὅδε | PRON | Pd-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 23 φρέαρ | det | high | Demonstrative determiner of φρέαρ. |
| 22 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 φρέαρ | det | high | Article with φρέαρ. |
| 23 | φρέαρ | φρέαρ | NOUN | Nb-s---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 παρέχεται | obj | high | Direct object of παρέχεται. |
| 24 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 25 συγγραφὴν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 25 | συγγραφὴν | συγγραφή | NOUN | Nb-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 παρέχεται | obl | high | Oblique complement of παρέχεται. |
| 26 | παρέχεται | παρέχω | VERB | V3spmid--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 15 ἔστι | conj | high | Coordinated main verb after ἀλλά. |
| 27 | κυμάτων | κῦμα | NOUN | Nb-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 28 ἦχον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἦχον. |
| 28 | ἦχον | ἦχος | NOUN | Nb-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 παρέχεται | obj | high | Object of παρέχεται. |
| 29 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 30 νότῳ | case | high | Preposition. |
| 30 | νότῳ | νότος | NOUN | Nb-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 παρέχεται | obl | medium | Dative of circumstance/instrument with preposition ἐπί. |
| 31 | πνεύσαντι | πνέω | VERB | V-a-sapmd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 30 νότῳ | amod | high | Attributive participle modifying νότῳ. |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 26 παρέχεται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
καὶ τριαίνης ἐστὶν ἐν τῇ πέτρᾳ σχῆμα· ταῦτα δὲ λέγεται Ποσειδῶνι μαρτύρια ἐς τὴν ἀμφισβήτησιν τῆς χώρας φανῆναι.
Second clause is an impersonal/reportative construction: λέγεται with infinitival complement φανῆναι; the first clause is copular with σχῆμα as head noun.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 3 ἐστὶν | cc | high | coordinating conjunction |
| 2 | τριαίνης | τρίαινα | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 σχῆμα | nmod | high | genitive dependent of σχῆμα |
| 3 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 σχῆμα | cop | high | copular verb |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 6 πέτρᾳ | case | high | preposition governing πέτρᾳ |
| 5 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 πέτρᾳ | det | high | article |
| 6 | πέτρᾳ | πέτρα | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 σχῆμα | nmod | high | locative prepositional phrase modifying σχῆμα |
| 7 | σχῆμα | σχῆμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | main predicative noun |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 σχῆμα | punct | high | sentence boundary punctuation |
| 9 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 11 λέγεται | nsubj:pass | high | subject of λέγεται |
| 10 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 11 λέγεται | discourse | high | postpositive particle |
| 11 | λέγεται | λέγω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | main finite verb |
| 12 | Ποσειδῶνι | Ποσειδῶν | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 λέγεται | iobj | high | dative recipient/indirect object |
| 13 | μαρτύρια | μαρτύριον | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 φανῆναι | nsubj | medium | likely subject of φανῆναι in indirect statement |
| 14 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 16 ἀμφισβήτησιν | case | high | preposition |
| 15 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 16 ἀμφισβήτησιν | det | high | article |
| 16 | ἀμφισβήτησιν | ἀμφισβήτησις | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 φανῆναι | obl | high | prepositional object of ἐς |
| 17 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 χώρας | det | high | article |
| 18 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἀμφισβήτησιν | nmod | high | genitive dependent of ἀμφισβήτησιν |
| 19 | φανῆναι | φαίνω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 11 λέγεται | xcomp | high | complement infinitive with λέγεται |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 λέγεται | punct | high | sentence punctuation |