Grammar parses for passage 1.27.1
Open translation for this passage
κεῖται δὲ ἐν τῷ ναῷ τῆς Πολιάδος Ἑρμῆς ξύλου, Κέκροπος εἶναι λεγόμενον ἀνάθημα, ὑπὸ κλάδων μυρσίνης οὐ σύνοπτον.
The compressed appositional construction presents Ἑρμῆς ξύλου as an offering said to be that of Cecrops; σύνοπτον is a predicative neuter adjective with ὑπό + genitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κεῖται | κεῖμαι | VERB | V-PII-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Stative middle form, ‘lies/is situated’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 κεῖται | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 ναῷ | case | high | |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ναῷ | det | high | |
| 5 | ναῷ | ναός | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 κεῖται | obl | high | Object of ἐν. |
| 6 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Πολιάδος | det | high | |
| 7 | Πολιάδος | Πολιάς | PROPN | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ναῷ | nmod | high | Epithet/name of the goddess. |
| 8 | Ἑρμῆς | Ἑρμῆς | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 κεῖται | nsubj | high | |
| 9 | ξύλου | ξύλον | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 Ἑρμῆς | nmod | high | Genitive of material. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 Ἑρμῆς | punct | high | |
| 11 | Κέκροπος | Κέκροψ | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἀνάθημα | nmod | high | Possessive/source genitive with ἀνάθημα. |
| 12 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 13 λεγόμενον | xcomp | high | Infinitive in the λέγεται construction. |
| 13 | λεγόμενον | λέγω | VERB | V-PPN-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 14 ἀνάθημα | acl | high | Participial modifier of ἀνάθημα; εἶναι is its complementary infinitive. |
| 14 | ἀνάθημα | ἀνάθημα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 Ἑρμῆς | appos | medium | Accusative apposition/predicative accusative associated with Ἑρμῆς; exact attachment is syntactically compressed. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἀνάθημα | punct | high | |
| 16 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 17 κλάδων | case | high | |
| 17 | κλάδων | κλάδος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 σύνοπτον | obl | high | Agent/means phrase with passive-derived adjective. |
| 18 | μυρσίνης | μυρσίνη | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 κλάδων | nmod | high | Genitive modifier, ‘of myrtle’. |
| 19 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PRT-N | Polarity=Neg | 20 σύνοπτον | advmod | high | |
| 20 | σύνοπτον | σύνοπτος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 κεῖται | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective, agreeing with the neuter referent ἀνάθημα; ὑπό phrase specifies what obscures it. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 κεῖται | punct | high |
ἀναθήματα δὲ ὁπόσα ἄξια λόγου, τῶν μὲν ἀρχαίων δίφρος ὀκλαδίας ἐστὶ Δαιδάλου ποίημα, λάφυρα δὲ ἀπὸ Μήδων Μασιστίου θώραξ, ὃς εἶχεν ἐν Πλαταιαῖς τὴν ἡγεμονίαν τῆς ἵππου, καὶ ἀκινάκης Μαρδονίου λεγόμενος εἶναι.
Elliptical inventory: ἀναθήματα is the topic, with ὁπόσα ἄξια λόγου as a restrictive/relative description; δίφρος and θώραξ are nominal predicates under omitted/copular ἐστίν, while ἀκινάκης is coordinated with θώραξ. The participle λεγόμενος agrees with ἀκινάκης and takes εἶναι as its complement. Confidence is reduced for the exact attachment of τῶν ἀρχαίων and the appositional relation of Μασιστίου.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀναθήματα | ἀνάθημα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 δίφρος | nsubj | high | Topic of the elliptical nominal clauses. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 ἀναθήματα | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | DET | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ἄξια | det | medium | Correlative/relative quantifier introducing the descriptive phrase. |
| 4 | ἄξια | ἄξιος | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 ἀναθήματα | acl | medium | Predicative adjective in the elliptical phrase ὁπόσα ἄξια λόγου. |
| 5 | λόγου | λόγος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἄξια | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἄξια. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀναθήματα | punct | high | |
| 7 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἀρχαίων | det | medium | Article substantivizing or marking the genitive phrase τῶν ἀρχαίων. |
| 8 | μὲν | μέν | PART | D-------- | _ | 10 δίφρος | discourse | high | Correlative particle, opposed to δὲ at token 17. |
| 9 | ἀρχαίων | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 δίφρος | nmod | low | Likely genitive ‘of the ancient [dedications/things]’; exact attachment is elliptical. |
| 10 | δίφρος | δίφρος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | First nominal item and predicate of an elliptical copular clause. |
| 11 | ὀκλαδίας | ὀκλαδίας | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 δίφρος | amod | medium | Adjective modifying δίφρος. |
| 12 | ἐστὶ | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 10 δίφρος | cop | high | |
| 13 | Δαιδάλου | Δαίδαλος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ποίημα | nmod | high | Creator attribution. |
| 14 | ποίημα | ποίημα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 δίφρος | appos | medium | Appositional identification: a work of Daidalos; formally neuter despite δίφρος. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 δίφρος | punct | high | |
| 16 | λάφυρα | λάφυρον | NOUN | N-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 21 θώραξ | nsubj | medium | Second inventory heading, with omitted copula. |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 λάφυρα | cc | high | |
| 18 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 Μήδων | case | high | |
| 19 | Μήδων | Μῆδος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 λάφυρα | nmod | high | Genitive of source after ἀπό. |
| 20 | Μασιστίου | Μασίστιος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 θώραξ | nmod | medium | Personal attribution, likely ‘of Masistios’; appositional relation to the Persian spoils is elliptical. |
| 21 | θώραξ | θώραξ | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 δίφρος | conj | high | Coordinated nominal item under the inventory construction. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 θώραξ | punct | high | |
| 23 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | P-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 24 εἶχεν | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun referring to Μασίστιος. |
| 24 | εἶχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 20 Μασιστίου | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying Μασιστίου. |
| 25 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 26 Πλαταιαῖς | case | high | |
| 26 | Πλαταιαῖς | Πλαταιαί | PROPN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 24 εἶχεν | obl | high | Locative dative with ἐν. |
| 27 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 ἡγεμονίαν | det | high | |
| 28 | ἡγεμονίαν | ἡγεμονία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 εἶχεν | obj | high | Object of εἶχεν. |
| 29 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 ἵππου | det | high | |
| 30 | ἵππου | ἵππος | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 ἡγεμονίαν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἡγεμονίαν. |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 εἶχεν | punct | high | |
| 32 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 33 ἀκινάκης | cc | high | |
| 33 | ἀκινάκης | ἀκινάκης | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 δίφρος | conj | high | Third coordinated nominal item. |
| 34 | Μαρδονίου | Μαρδόνιος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 ἀκινάκης | nmod | high | Genitive attribution: the akinakes of Mardonius. |
| 35 | λεγόμενος | λέγω | VERB | V-PPM-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 33 ἀκινάκης | acl | high | Agrees with ἀκινάκης; passive ‘called/said to be’. |
| 36 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 35 λεγόμενος | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of λεγόμενος. |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 δίφρος | punct | high |
Μασίστιον μὲν δὴ τελευτήσαντα ὑπὸ τῶν Ἀθηναίων οἶδα ἱππέων·
The construction is elliptical and syntactically difficult: Μασίστιον τελευτήσαντα is an accusative participial complement of οἶδα, while ὑπὸ τῶν Ἀθηναίων ἱππέων expresses the agents; ἱππέων is treated as a genitive complement of οἶδα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μασίστιον | Μασίστιος | PROPN | A-NSM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 τελευτήσαντα | obj | medium | Persian personal name, accusative singular; object of the participle. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X | _ | 8 οἶδα | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | X | _ | 8 οἶδα | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | τελευτήσαντα | τελευτάω | VERB | VAAMP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 8 οἶδα | ccomp | medium | Aorist active accusative participle with accusative subject/object linkage under οἶδα; semantically ‘having died’. |
| 5 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R | _ | 7 Ἀθηναίων | case | high | Agent preposition with genitive. |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 Ἀθηναίων | det | high | Article modifying Ἀθηναίων. |
| 7 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 τελευτήσαντα | obl:agent | high | Genitive agent phrase, ‘by the Athenian cavalrymen’. |
| 8 | οἶδα | οἶδα | VERB | V-RIA-1S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Perfect|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect form with present meaning, ‘I know’. |
| 9 | ἱππέων | ἱππεύς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 οἶδα | obj | medium | Genitive plural; likely partitive/object-like complement of οἶδα, ‘I know of the cavalrymen’; syntactically difficult. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 οἶδα | punct | high |
Μαρδονίου δὲ μαχεσαμένου Λακεδαιμονίοις ἐναντία καὶ ὑπὸ ἀνδρὸς Σπαρτιάτου πεσόντος οὐδʼ ἂν ὑπεδέξαντο ἀρχὴν οὐδὲ ἴσως Ἀθηναίοις παρῆκαν φέρεσθαι Λακεδαιμόνιοι τὸν ἀκινάκην.
Two coordinated genitive absolutes frame a negative/modal apodosis; παρῆκαν is the root, with φέρεσθαι and its accusative object as its infinitival complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μαρδονίου | Μαρδόνιος | PROPN | Noun|Prop|Masc|Gen|Sing | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 μαχεσαμένου | nsubj | high | Genitive absolute subject. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 3 μαχεσαμένου | cc | high | |
| 3 | μαχεσαμένου | μάχομαι | VERB | Verb|Part|Aor|Mid|Gen|Masc|Sing | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 13 ὑπεδέξαντο | advcl | high | Genitive absolute predicate. |
| 4 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | Noun|Prop|Masc|Dat|Plur | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 μαχεσαμένου | obl | high | Dative with μάχομαι. |
| 5 | ἐναντία | ἐναντίος | ADJ | Adj|Neut|Acc|Plur | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 μαχεσαμένου | obl | medium | Substantivized neuter plural, 'against/opposed'; construction somewhat elliptical. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 10 πεσόντος | cc | high | |
| 7 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | Prep | _ | 10 πεσόντος | case | high | |
| 8 | ἀνδρὸς | ἀνήρ | NOUN | Noun|Masc|Gen|Sing | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 πεσόντος | obl | high | Agent of πεσόντος. |
| 9 | Σπαρτιάτου | Σπαρτιάτης | ADJ | Adj|Masc|Gen|Sing | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀνδρὸς | amod | high | |
| 10 | πεσόντος | πίπτω | VERB | Verb|Part|Aor|Act|Gen|Masc|Sing | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 ὑπεδέξαντο | advcl | high | Second coordinated genitive absolute. |
| 11 | οὐδʼ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | Conj | Polarity=Neg | 13 ὑπεδέξαντο | cc | high | Negative coordinator introducing the apodosis. |
| 12 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | Part|Modal | Polarity=Pos | 13 ὑπεδέξαντο | aux | high | Modal particle with the indicative verb. |
| 13 | ὑπεδέξαντο | ὑποδέχομαι | VERB | Verb|Ind|Aor|Mid|3Pl | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 18 παρῆκαν | conj | high | Coordinated with παρῆκαν; subject is Λακεδαιμόνιοι. |
| 14 | ἀρχὴν | ἀρχή | NOUN | Noun|Fem|Acc|Sing | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ὑπεδέξαντο | obj | medium | Accusative object, probably 'rule/authority'; exact semantic linkage is elliptical. |
| 15 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | Conj | Polarity=Neg | 18 παρῆκαν | cc | high | |
| 16 | ἴσως | ἴσως | ADV | Adv | _ | 18 παρῆκαν | advmod | high | 'Perhaps/equally' depending interpretation. |
| 17 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | Noun|Prop|Masc|Dat|Plur | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 φέρεσθαι | obl | high | Dative with φέρεσθαι. |
| 18 | παρῆκαν | παρίημι | VERB | Verb|Ind|Aor|Act|3Pl | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate; subject is Λακεδαιμόνιοι. |
| 19 | φέρεσθαι | φέρω | VERB | Verb|Inf|Pres|Mid | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 18 παρῆκαν | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of παρίημι. |
| 20 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | Noun|Prop|Masc|Nom|Plur | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 παρῆκαν | nsubj | high | |
| 21 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | Art|Masc|Acc|Sing | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἀκινάκην | det | high | |
| 22 | ἀκινάκην | ἀκινάκης | NOUN | Noun|Masc|Acc|Sing | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 φέρεσθαι | obj | high | Object of φέρεσθαι. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | Punct | _ | 18 παρῆκαν | punct | high |