Grammar parses for passage 1.27.1
Open translation for this passage
ἀναθήματα δὲ ὁπόσα ἄξια λόγου, τῶν μὲν ἀρχαίων δίφρος ὀκλαδίας ἐστὶ Δαιδάλου ποίημα, λάφυρα δὲ ἀπὸ Μήδων Μασιστίου θώραξ, ὃς εἶχεν ἐν Πλαταιαῖς τὴν ἡγεμονίαν τῆς ἵππου, καὶ ἀκινάκης Μαρδονίου λεγόμενος εἶναι.
The syntax is paratactic with two main predicative nouns (ποίημα, θώραξ) and a relative clause modifying θώραξ; the final participial phrase is attached as a further coordinated modifier.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀναθήματα | ἀνάθημα | NOUN | N- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 12 ἐστὶ | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστὶ. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 12 ἐστὶ | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | ADJ | A- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 4 ἄξια | amod | high | Headed by ἄξια. |
| 4 | ἄξια | ἄξιος | ADJ | A- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 1 ἀναθήματα | amod | medium | Adjectival modifier of ἀναθήματα; forms relative phrase 'as many as are worthy'. |
| 5 | λόγου | λόγος | NOUN | N- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 4 ἄξια | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἄξια. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀναθήματα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 7 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 9 ἀρχαίων | det | high | Article with ἀρχαίων. |
| 8 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 9 ἀρχαίων | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 9 | ἀρχαίων | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 10 δίφρος | amod | high | Attributive modifier of δίφρος. |
| 10 | δίφρος | δίφρος | NOUN | N- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 14 ποίημα | nsubj | medium | Predicate subject of ἐστὶ in the first coordinated clause. |
| 11 | ὀκλαδίας | ὀκλαδίας | ADJ | A- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 10 δίφρος | amod | low | Likely attributive/genitival modifier of δίφρος; form is unusual. |
| 12 | ἐστὶ | εἰμί | AUX | V- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 14 ποίημα | cop | high | Copula. |
| 13 | Δαιδάλου | Δαίδαλος | PROPN | N- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 14 ποίημα | nmod | high | Genitive of possession/author. |
| 14 | ποίημα | ποίημα | NOUN | N- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicative noun for the first clause. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ποίημα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 16 | λάφυρα | λάφυρον | NOUN | N- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plural | 21 θώραξ | nsubj | high | Subject of implied/copular predication with θώραξ. |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 21 θώραξ | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 18 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R- | _ | 19 Μήδων | case | high | Preposition governing Μήδων. |
| 19 | Μήδων | Μῆδος | PROPN | N- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 21 θώραξ | nmod | high | Prepositional object modifying θώραξ. |
| 20 | Μασιστίου | Μασίστιος | PROPN | N- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 21 θώραξ | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of θώραξ. |
| 21 | θώραξ | θώραξ | NOUN | N- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Root of the second main predication; likely appositional to λάφυρα. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 θώραξ | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 23 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | P- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 24 εἶχεν | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun subject of εἶχεν. |
| 24 | εἶχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 21 θώραξ | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying θώραξ. |
| 25 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R- | _ | 26 Πλαταιαῖς | case | high | Preposition. |
| 26 | Πλαταιαῖς | Πλαταιαί | PROPN | N- | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 24 εἶχεν | obl | high | Locative oblique with ἐν. |
| 27 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 28 ἡγεμονίαν | det | high | Article with ἡγεμονίαν. |
| 28 | ἡγεμονίαν | ἡγεμονία | NOUN | N- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 24 εἶχεν | obj | high | Direct object of εἶχεν. |
| 29 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 30 ἵππου | det | high | Article with ἵππου. |
| 30 | ἵππου | ἵππος | NOUN | N- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 28 ἡγεμονίαν | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent of ἡγεμονίαν; sense likely 'of the horse/cavalry'. |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 εἶχεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 32 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 16 λάφυρα | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 33 | ἀκινάκης | ἀκινάκης | NOUN | N- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 35 λεγόμενος | nsubj | high | Subject of λεγόμενος. |
| 34 | Μαρδονίου | Μαρδόνιος | PROPN | N- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 33 ἀκινάκης | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ἀκινάκης. |
| 35 | λεγόμενος | λέγω | VERB | V- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Present|Voice=Middle | 21 θώραξ | conj | high | Conjunct participle modifying θώραξ. |
| 36 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V- | Tense=Present|VerbForm=Infinitive|Voice=Active | 35 λεγόμενος | xcomp | high | Complement of λεγόμενος. |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ποίημα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
Μασίστιον μὲν δὴ τελευτήσαντα ὑπὸ τῶν Ἀθηναίων οἶδα ἱππέων·
The participial phrase τελευτήσαντα depends on the object Μασίστιον; the genitive phrase with ὑπό is best treated as an agentive modifier of the participle or the clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μασίστιον | Μασίστιος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 οἶδα | obj | high | Proper name as accusative object of οἶδα. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 1 Μασίστιον | discourse | high | Correlative/discourse particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | _ | _ | 8 οἶδα | discourse | high | Emphatic particle modifying the clause. |
| 4 | τελευτήσαντα | τελευτάω | VERB | PAPM-SA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 Μασίστιον | amod | medium | Accusative participle agreeing with Μασίστιον; could be analyzed as clause-like participial modifier. |
| 5 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | _ | 8 οἶδα | case | high | Introduces agent phrase. |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 Ἀθηναίων | det | high | Article. |
| 7 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἱππέων | amod | high | Substantivized adjective: 'of the Athenians'. |
| 8 | οἶδα | οἶδα | VERB | V-1XSAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 9 | ἱππέων | ἱππεύς | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 οἶδα | obl | medium | Genitive with ὑπό, dependent of οἶδα; likely agent phrase via ὑπό τῶν Ἀθηναίων ἱππέων/Ἀθηναίων ἱππέων. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 οἶδα | punct | high | Sentence-ending punctuation. |
Μαρδονίου δὲ μαχεσαμένου Λακεδαιμονίοις ἐναντία καὶ ὑπὸ ἀνδρὸς Σπαρτιάτου πεσόντος οὐδʼ ἂν ὑπεδέξαντο ἀρχὴν οὐδὲ ἴσως Ἀθηναίοις παρῆκαν φέρεσθαι Λακεδαιμόνιοι τὸν ἀκινάκην.
Two genitive absolute participial phrases precede the main clause; the second coordinated verb παρῆκαν takes an infinitival complement φέρεσθαι with the object ἀκινάκην.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Μαρδονίου | Μαρδόνιος | PROPN | Ne-S---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 μαχεσαμένου | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participant. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 3 μαχεσαμένου | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | μαχεσαμένου | μάχομαι | VERB | V--PMPGSM- | Aspect=Perf|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 13 ὑπεδέξαντο | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 4 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | Ne-P---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 μαχεσαμένου | obl | high | Dative complement with μάχομαι. |
| 5 | ἐναντία | ἐναντίος | ADJ | A--P---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ὑπεδέξαντο | advmod | medium | Likely adverbial accusative meaning 'in opposition/opposite'. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 πεσόντος | cc | high | Coordination within the genitive absolute phrase. |
| 7 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 πεσόντος | case | high | Introduces agent in passive-like participial phrase. |
| 8 | ἀνδρὸς | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-S---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 πεσόντος | obl | high | Genitive object of ὑπό. |
| 9 | Σπαρτιάτου | Σπαρτιάτης | ADJ | A-S---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἀνδρὸς | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying ἀνδρός. |
| 10 | πεσόντος | πίπτω | VERB | V--APMGSM- | Aspect=Aor|Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 13 ὑπεδέξαντο | advcl | high | Second coordinated genitive absolute participle. |
| 11 | οὐδʼ | οὐδέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 13 ὑπεδέξαντο | advmod | high | Negative connective. |
| 12 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | D-------- | _ | 13 ὑπεδέξαντο | advmod | high | Modal particle with indicative/apodosis-like force. |
| 13 | ὑπεδέξαντο | ὑποδέχομαι | VERB | V-3AAPM-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 14 | ἀρχὴν | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-S---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ὑπεδέξαντο | obj | high | Direct object of ὑπεδέξαντο. |
| 15 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 18 παρῆκαν | advmod | high | Correlative negative connective. |
| 16 | ἴσως | ἴσως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 18 παρῆκαν | advmod | high | Sentence adverb. |
| 17 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | Ne-P---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 παρῆκαν | obl | high | Dative complement with παρῆκαν. |
| 18 | παρῆκαν | παρίημι | VERB | V-3AAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 13 ὑπεδέξαντο | conj | high | Coordinated main verb. |
| 19 | φέρεσθαι | φέρω | VERB | V--PNE--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 18 παρῆκαν | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive. |
| 20 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | Ne-P---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 παρῆκαν | nsubj | high | Subject of παρῆκαν. |
| 21 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA-S---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 ἀκινάκην | det | high | Article with ἀκινάκην. |
| 22 | ἀκινάκην | ἀκινάκης | NOUN | N-S---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 φέρεσθαι | obj | high | Object of φέρεσθαι. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ὑπεδέξαντο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |