Grammar parses for passage 1.27.8
Open translation for this passage
ὅδε μὲν τῶν λόγων πρῶτος ἐς αὐτόν ἐστι Τροιζηνίοις·
The sentence is elliptical/marked: ὅδε is the subject, ἐστι the copula, πρῶτος the predicate nominative, and Τροιζηνίοις is a dative of possession/association (‘for the Troezenians’); τῶν λόγων is a partitive genitive with πρῶτος. The placement of ἐς αὐτόν is syntactically uncertain, likely referring forward/back to the subject of discourse.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὅδε | ὅδε | PRON | DS---NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 8 ἐστι | nsubj | high | Demonstrative pronoun, masculine nominative singular. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 8 ἐστι | discourse | high | Correlative particle; counterpart may be outside the sentence. |
| 3 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | DA---GP- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 λόγων | det | high | Article agreeing with λόγων. |
| 4 | λόγων | λόγος | NOUN | 接---GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 πρῶτος | nmod | high | Partitive genitive dependent on πρῶτος. |
| 5 | πρῶτος | πρῶτος | ADJ | A--NSM- | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστι | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective/nominative with copular ἐστι; partitive genitive with λόγων. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 αὐτόν | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 7 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | P----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 8 ἐστι | obl | low | Accusative object of ἐς; construction and semantic attachment are uncertain in this isolated sentence. |
| 8 | ἐστι | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular verb. |
| 9 | Τροιζηνίοις | Τροιζήνιος | PROPN | A----DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἐστι | obl | medium | Dative of association/possession, ‘for the Troezenians’; ethnic adjective substantivized as a proper-name group. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐστι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ὁ δὲ ἐπὶ τούτῳ, κρηπῖδας Αἰγέα ὑπὸ πέτρᾳ καὶ ξίφος θεῖναι γνωρίσματα εἶναι τῷ παιδί, καὶ τὸν μὲν ἐς Ἀθήνας ἀποπλεῖν, Θησέα δέ, ὡς ἕκτον καὶ δέκατον ἔτος ἐγεγόνει, τὴν πέτραν ἀνώσαντα οἴχεσθαι καὶ τὴν παρακαταθήκην τὴν Αἰγέως φέροντα.
Infinitival sequence depends on an understood reporting verb: εἶναι governs the content, followed by coordinated infinitives ἀποπλεῖν and οἴχεσθαι; Θησέα is their accusative subject, with ἀνώσαντα and φέροντα agreeing participles.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | ----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 δὲ | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 14 εἶναι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | -------- | _ | 4 τούτῳ | case | high | |
| 4 | τούτῳ | οὗτος | PRON | ----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 εἶναι | obl | high | Dative object of ἐπί. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 εἶναι | punct | high | |
| 6 | κρηπῖδας | κρηπίς | NOUN | ----APF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 θεῖναι | obj | high | |
| 7 | Αἰγέα | Αἰγεύς | PROPN | ----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 θεῖναι | obj | high | Accusative subject of infinitive. |
| 8 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | -------- | _ | 9 πέτρᾳ | case | high | |
| 9 | πέτρᾳ | πέτρα | NOUN | ----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 θεῖναι | obl | high | Place adjunct with ὑπό. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 11 ξίφος | cc | high | |
| 11 | ξίφος | ξίφος | NOUN | ----ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 θεῖναι | obj | high | |
| 12 | θεῖναι | τίθημι | VERB | V--ANM--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 14 εἶναι | ccomp | high | Infinitive in reported content. |
| 13 | γνωρίσματα | γνώρισμα | NOUN | ----NPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative with εἶναι. |
| 14 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main infinitival predicate; understood governing verb is contextual. |
| 15 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | ----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 παιδί | det | high | |
| 16 | παιδί | παῖς | NOUN | ----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 γνωρίσματα | iobj | high | Dative of reference. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 εἶναι | punct | high | |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 23 ἀποπλεῖν | cc | high | |
| 19 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | ----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 μὲν | det | high | |
| 20 | μὲν | μέν | PART | -------- | _ | 23 ἀποπλεῖν | advmod | high | Correlative particle paired with δέ. |
| 21 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | -------- | _ | 22 Ἀθήνας | case | high | |
| 22 | Ἀθήνας | Ἀθῆναι | PROPN | ----APF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 23 ἀποπλεῖν | obl | high | |
| 23 | ἀποπλεῖν | ἀποπλέω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 14 εἶναι | conj | high | Coordinated infinitive; τὸν is accusative subject. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 Θησέα | punct | high | |
| 25 | Θησέα | Θησεύς | PROPN | ----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 38 οἴχεσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of οἴχεσθαι and φέροντα. |
| 26 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 38 οἴχεσθαι | cc | high | Postpositive counterpart to μέν. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 38 οἴχεσθαι | punct | high | |
| 28 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | -------- | _ | 33 ἐγεγόνει | mark | medium | Temporal clause: when he had reached the age. |
| 29 | ἕκτον | ἕκτος | ADJ | ----ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 32 ἔτος | amod | high | Ordinal modifying ἔτος. |
| 30 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 31 δέκατον | cc | high | |
| 31 | δέκατον | δέκατος | ADJ | ----ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 29 ἕκτον | conj | high | Coordinated ordinal. |
| 32 | ἔτος | ἔτος | NOUN | ----ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 33 ἐγεγόνει | obj | high | Accusative of extent/age with ἐγεγόνει. |
| 33 | ἐγεγόνει | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-LIA3S--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pluperf|Voice=Act | 38 οἴχεσθαι | advcl | medium | Pluperfect form, with subject understood as Θησέα; idiomatic age construction. |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 38 οἴχεσθαι | punct | high | |
| 35 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | ----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 36 πέτραν | det | high | |
| 36 | πέτραν | πέτρα | NOUN | ----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 37 ἀνώσαντα | obj | high | |
| 37 | ἀνώσαντα | ἀναιρέω | VERB | V-AAPASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 38 οἴχεσθαι | advcl | high | Accusative participle agreeing with Θησέα; attendant circumstance. |
| 38 | οἴχεσθαι | οἴχομαι | VERB | V-PNM--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 14 εἶναι | conj | high | Coordinated infinitive with accusative subject Θησέα. |
| 39 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 44 φέροντα | cc | high | |
| 40 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | ----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 41 παρακαταθήκην | det | high | |
| 41 | παρακαταθήκην | παρακαταθήκη | NOUN | ----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 44 φέροντα | obj | high | |
| 42 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | ----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 43 Αἰγέως | det | high | |
| 43 | Αἰγέως | Αἰγεύς | PROPN | ----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 41 παρακαταθήκην | nmod | high | |
| 44 | φέροντα | φέρω | VERB | V-PAPASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 38 οἴχεσθαι | conj | high | Coordinated accusative participial complement; agrees with Θησέα. |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 εἶναι | punct | high |
τούτου δὲ εἰκὼν ἐν ἀκροπόλει πεποίηται τοῦ λόγου, χαλκοῦ πάντα ὁμοίως πλὴν τῆς πέτρας·
The clause is passive: εἰκών is the subject of πεποίηται, with τούτου τοῦ λόγου forming a genitival phrase likely meaning 'an image of this account'; χαλκοῦ agrees with εἰκών and πάντα is an accusative adverbial specification ('entirely/in all respects') except for the rock. The exact scope of τοῦ λόγου is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-gsm | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 3 εἰκὼν | nmod | high | Genitive demonstrative, dependent on εἰκών; construed with τοῦ λόγου. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 πεποίηται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | εἰκὼν | εἰκών | NOUN | N---------NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 πεποίηται | nsubj:pass | high | Nominative subject of passive πεποίηται. |
| 4 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 ἀκροπόλει | case | high | Preposition governing ἀκροπόλει. |
| 5 | ἀκροπόλει | ἀκρόπολις | NOUN | N---------DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 πεποίηται | obl | high | Locative dative complement of ἐν. |
| 6 | πεποίηται | ποιέω | VERB | V-RMP-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect passive, 'has been made'; εἰκών is the subject. |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-gsm | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 λόγου | det | high | Article with λόγου. |
| 8 | λόγου | λόγος | NOUN | N---------GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 εἰκὼν | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on εἰκών; together with τούτου, likely 'of this account/story'. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 πεποίηται | punct | high | |
| 10 | χαλκοῦ | χαλκοῦς | ADJ | A-----GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 εἰκὼν | amod | medium | Genitive material adjective agreeing with εἰκών in sense, though its surface gender is masculine; textual agreement is irregular/elliptical. |
| 11 | πάντα | πᾶς | ADV | A-----NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 πεποίηται | advmod | medium | Neuter plural form used adverbially, 'entirely/in all respects'. |
| 12 | ὁμοίως | ὁμοίως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 11 πάντα | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the adverbial πάντα. |
| 13 | πλὴν | πλήν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 πέτρας | case | high | Exceptive preposition governing πέτρας. |
| 14 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-gsf | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 πέτρας | det | high | Article with πέτρας. |
| 15 | πέτρας | πέτρα | NOUN | N---------GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 πάντα | obl | high | Genitive complement of exceptive πλήν; the rock is the exception. |
| 16 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 πεποίηται | punct | high |