Pausanias Analysis

ἐπὶ Δελφινίῳ δὲ κρίσις καθέστηκεν ἐργάσασθαι φόνον σὺν τῷ δικαίῳ φαμένοις, ὁποῖόν τι καὶ Θησεὺς παρεχόμενος ἀπέφυγεν, ὅτε Πάλλαντα ἐπαναστάντα καὶ τοὺς παῖδας ἔκτεινε· πρότερον δὲ πρὶν ἢ Θησεὺς ἀφείθη, καθειστήκει πᾶσι φεύγειν κτείναντα ἢ κατὰ ταὐτὰ θνήσκειν μένοντα.

The first clause has κρίσις as subject of καθέστηκεν with a complementary infinitive; φαμένοις is a dative plural participle, likely agreeing substantivally with the persons judged/claiming that the act was just. The relative clause modifies φόνον/ἐργάσασθαι and contains an accusative absolute-like participial construction with Πάλλαντα and τοὺς παῖδας as objects of ἔκτεινε. In the final clause, καθειστήκει governs πᾶσι plus coordinated infinitives; κτείναντα and μένοντα are accusative singular participles, understood with an omitted subject (the killer/defendant).

τὸ δὲ ἐν πρυτανείῳ καλούμενον, ἔνθα τῷ σιδήρῳ καὶ πᾶσιν ὁμοίως τοῖς ἀψύχοις δικάζουσιν, ἐπὶ τῷδε ἄρξασθαι νομίζω.

The neuter substantive τὸ ... καλούμενον is the object of νομίζω and governs the infinitive ἄρξασθαι; ἔνθα introduces a relative adverbial clause, with τῷ σιδήρῳ καὶ πᾶσιν ... τοῖς ἀψύχοις as coordinated dative objects of δικάζουσιν. The syntax of ἐπὶ τῷδε is somewhat elliptical/idiomatic; it modifies ἄρξασθαι as the point or basis of beginning.

Ἀθηναίων βασιλεύοντος Ἐρεχθέως, τότε πρῶτον βοῦν ἔκτεινεν ὁ βουφόνος ἐπὶ τοῦ βωμοῦ τοῦ Πολιέως Διός· καὶ ὁ μὲν ἀπολιπὼν ταύτῃ τὸν πέλεκυν ἀπῆλθεν ἐκ τῆς χώρας φεύγων, ὁ δὲ πέλεκυς παραυτίκα ἀφείθη κριθεὶς καὶ ἐς τόδε ἀνὰ πᾶν ἔτος κρίνεται.

Genitive absolute opens the sentence; the later μέν/δέ contrast coordinates the man’s departure with the axe’s acquittal, followed by an annual passive customary clause.